Well there is a way to stop Straw Purchases, but gun owners would throw a fit.
Set up a blind database that has the buyer of a gun entered into it and also tracks change of ownership a bit like cars. Allow the police to access the data using the serial number of a weapon to locate the registered owner of any weapon they find in the possession of anyone that is not allowed to have a firearm, and if it was not reported stolen then throw the book at them both. Also throw the book at gun stores that knowingly allow a straw purchase.
We've got one, at least for N.F.A. weapons and devices, The National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record:
https://www.atf.gov/firearms/docs/atf-national-firearms-act-handbook-chapter-3/download
With less than one million registered items to properly record and track, their database is in bad shape - from an OIG survey of ATF compliance inspectors - The agents tasked with checking the licensed dealers:
https://armsandthelaw.com/BATF OIG survenys on NFA best.pdf
Analysis of Q12 Affect IOI - How do errors and discrepancies in NFRTR inventory reports affect your ability to carry out compliance inspections?
Responses to Q12 (not mutually exclusive)
• Out of 297 total responses:
o 53 indicated there was no disruption to the inspection process.
o 75 indicated the errors called into question the accuracy of the information
from the NFRTR.
o 127 stated their efficiency was affected and the inspection took more time
to perform.
o 48 stated it was more difficult to plan and complete the inspection.
o 12 stated follow-up work was required after the inspection.
o 32 indicated N/A, or they had not encountered errors in this situation.
o 1 stated the only errors he had encountered were on the part of the FFL.
From the open-ended comments, and remember, these are ATF agents making these statements:
“Errors and discrepancies make ATF, as a whole, look inept. These are extremely important records and our own NFA Branch can't even get it right. It takes extra hour(s) to rectify these problems, and sometimes we find out 1-2 years down the road on the next inspection that the corrections we forwarded to the NFA Branch aren't even taken care of by
the next inspection.”
“It is hard to verify any NFA inventory when the "official" NFRTR record is inaccurate.I have had to rely on the licensee's records over the NFRTR record in the past.”
If ATF can't keep the records straight on less than a million registrations the possibility of a successful program for 300 million + firearms is slim to none.
Canada decided to got the total registration route and they were smart enough to call it a day when the costs kept going up even before the program was fully implemented.
The 4473 form system works, and if all transfers were required to go through an FFL the idea of a more tractable tracing program would be in effect without trying to build some central registry system at the fed. level. In any case, it's the individual States business, not the feds.