Does that make more sense?
Okay, so you have completely abandoned your original statement about particles. Gotcha.
You know what? I can just cut to the chase here. You are using a different definition of "same" than I am. Okay? Your definition is valid, but has no bearing on this discussion.
I swung past Merriam-Webster.com and got the dictionary definition of 'same' - here are the first two results:
1 a : resembling in every relevant respect b : conforming in every respect —used with as
2 a : being one without addition, change, or discontinuance : identical b : being the one under discussion or already referred to
I would have thought that it was clear from the start that I was using the SECOND definition. You are clearly using the first, which has never been in debate. Does the clone resemble the original? Yes. Does the second rock resemble the first? Yes. Does the second consciousness resemble the first? Yes.
But they aren't the same by the second definition. They are two separate and distinct instances and are therefore not the same one.
So, then, the problem is that when I talk about myself, I only count this particular instance. Any other thing that RESEMBLES me that may or may not come into existence later on is not me. Telling it that it is me, giving it memories of things that happened to a different thing somewhere else, will not make it me any more than giving it totally false memories will make those things true.
Let's go back to our hypothetical teleporter. It scans you, destroys you, and then makes a new person at the other end. You would say you are fine with that. But wait! The receiving end is busy. So now I forget to re-send later, and the scan sits on a hard drive that is eventually put into long-term storage.
Have I murdered you? Are you Schrödinger's Clone, neither alive nor dead but in some sort of superimposed state until I either make you a body or the hard drive becomes corrupted?
I think any rational person would agree that that is absurd - but if not that, what? Ruling out the option of "neither dead nor alive" leaves us with:
1. Dead - so then we agree that the teleporter kills you, and by extension the receiving pad is also a resurrection machine.
2. Alive - so then you think a hard drive counts as alive. Hmm.