German Peace Offers
Message to mods: mind you, this is mostly all quoted material, but it is all summarized and translated from German into English by me. It is condensed 3 page summary from a 45 page summary of Scheil's book specifically addressing the peace offer issue.
By far the most interesting question from your infamous question list was this one:
Where is the text of these 'peace messages' 9/11 says Hitler was putting out early in the war.... Give us the details, the date it was sent by who, to whom and what did it say, full and complete details.
About the peace offers:
[43] refer to pages from
Scheil’s book
Before the war:
[43] To bite in the sour apple and accept Poland’s borders, that was the basic premise made in the August 31, 1939 peace offer, in return for Danzig after a referendum… Chamberlain showed himself determined to conduct war against Germany, independent of the contents of these proposals… Chamberlain no doubt had depleted his credit to the extent that he lacked political strength for another agreement with Germany.
After the beginning of the war:
[23] In July 1940 in the Reichstag, Hitler came with a call for peace addressed at Britain.
[p13]: Hitler in 1941 had presented a comprehensive peaceplan to the British government, via Haushofers son Albrecht, who had discussed it with Samuel Hoare, the British ambassador to Spain. Withdrawel from Norway, Danmark and France had been offered by Haushofer to his amazement of his British counterparts. The OSS send the documents to Washington, never to be heard of again… [15] On March 10, 1946, Haushofer received visitors from the British secret service. 2 days later he was found dead.
[25] The German attempts to achieve peace culminated with the flight of Hess to Scotland and can be seen as little else than a sign of German desperation (shortly before Barbarossa).
[28] Between 1940 and 1941 Hitler’s strategy consisted not in plans of conquest or World Blitz Wars, but in attempts of ending the war that broke out in 1939. These attempts were of dubious effectiveness where the other side under Churchill insisted in escalating the war. The British Prime Minister and his entourage was unable to detach itself from the fixation on enemy Germany… In Britain the intentions of the USSR were less important than Germany. They thought to be able to manipulate Soviet policy.
[31] In July 1940 the specially founded “Special Operations Executive” (SOE) under the leadership of Hugh Dalton was instructed to set the European Continent in fire. Churchill himself came back to this directive several times. Dalton noted the directive for the first time in his diary on July 22, 1940 on the very same day on which the British ambassador Lord Lothian reported from the US to London that he knew the German conditions for peace and that they were very satisfactory. Hitler had combined his public statement that he saw no reason to prolong the conflict any longer with sending the list of conditions to the British government. Contemporary history writing has overlooked this, since it did not fit the picture of Hitler conquering the world. Churchill was not interested.
[60] The withdrawal from Holland, Belgium and Norway was part of a peace design from September 1940, as well the one Rudolf Hess carried with him to Scotland in Spring 1941.
[170] There was no offer from the Germans that Churchill ever would have accepted. The goal was the total defeat of Germany.
[171] The worries about possible compromisses with Germany remained, also after the public peace offer by Hitler of July 19, that was accompanied with detailed conditions, handed over via the British ambassador in Washington.
[173] The Weissauer Mission. Let’s have a look which concrete peace offers were made by Germany in autumn 1940 and how Churchill reacted to them.
Ludwig Weissauer, trustee of the German secret service had travelled to Stockholm after the Reichsicherheitshauptamt had told the German Foreign Office that the British envoy [
Victor Mallet] to Sweden had signaled that he would like to know if Germany was interested in peace talks.
[174] Mallet had tried to get approval in London for his initiative. Robert Vansittart’s reaction came swift: “I hope you will tell mr Mallet that under no circumstance he can see Dr. Weissauer. This is about the future of civilization. It is about out survival or theirs and either the German Reich goes under or we, and not just go under, but completely destroyed.”
Weissauer, via intermediary Ekeberg, could make clear that he was talking in the name of Hitler and Ribbentrop and had the following on offer, which Mallet reported to London on September 7, 1940: “Hitler felt himself responsible of the ’White Race’ and already for this reason alone wanted friendship with Britain. He wanted 2 economical units. A European one, with Germany in the center and the rest of the world with British and American centers. Britain and America could keep their naval supremacy.”
[175] Hitlers proposals in detail:
1. Remain empire in tact
2. Accept continental supremacy for Germany
3. Leave open discussion about Mediterrainian and French and Belgian colonies
4. Recreate a Polish state
5. Czechoslovakia part of Germany
All other German occupied territories would be abandoned and restored in original state. The USSR was seen as a potential opponent of the ‘White Race’ but apparently it was not an actual threat. The danger of the ‘Yellow Race’ could be countered together (softly implying that the alliance with Japan was not of prime importance).
This proposition was similar to the one that later would be handed over to Hoare: all conquered territories since 1939 would be abandoned, except probably the annexed part of Poland.
[176] On September 11, 1940 a negative response came from the British cabinet. The offer of withdrawal from conquered territories was countered with the argument that “Britain did not fight for ’disinterested goals’, but rather for ‘big and general affairs, that concern the freedom and independence of many states in Europe’”. Churchill had written the text himself.
[189] Haushofer adviced the ambassador Samuel Hoare in Madrid and Lord Lothian in Washington.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hoare,_1st_Viscount_Templewood
For Lothian this was nothing new. He already knew about German peace proposals as early as middle July 1940 and judged them as highly satisfactory.
[190] The Times reported: “Lord Lothian said in front of the House of Lords… that there is alternative than to reserve for Germany a role in conformity of it’s weight, a nation which normally would be the most powerful state in Europe. An order which does not give to Germany it’s proper role cannot be anything else but artificial.”
[193] Hoare and Haushofer agreed to plan a meeting between Halifax and Hoare on the British and Haushofer and Hess on the German side. These were in reality fake negotiations were conducted with knowledge and approved by Churchill to give the German leadership the illusion that real negotiations were going on. It was Haushofer who adviced Lord Hamilton as contact person and it would be him who Hess 9 months later would try to see.
[194] Hess was the victim of a British intrige. It’s main purpose was to prevent the formation of a peace faction within British politics.
[195] For the Germans it was difficult to admit that they had followed the British government with spectacular peace offers, in order to lose the 2nd man in the German state in this adventurous manner to the enemy.
[196] It is certain that Hess did represent the ideas of Hitler about making peace when he talked with government officials, including Eden.
The British government wasin a difficult position these days… many defeats had recently occurred… Like happened in Norway and France, the British army was forced to retreat from Greece; even defeat and evacuation from the Suezcanal was not impossible… Lloyd George was attacking Churchill for the manner in which he was conducting war.
[201] In Britain the organisers of the H-H-H-H-operation were clearly overwhelmed by the visit of the high-ranking envoy Hess and for a long time could not decide how to deal with him. Hess had expected that an offer would be made to him. But that did not happen. Hess did not offer anything else than what had already been proposed earlier: no interests of Germany outside Europe and a British-German alliance.
The Hess escapade was the last German effort to achieve peace with Britain. After that failure Hitler knew what Robert H. Jackson later confirmed while studying the German archives:
http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/jack37.asp
MR. JUSTICE JACKSON. I really think that this trial, if it should get into an argument over the political and economic causes of this war, could do infinite harm [FOR THE ALLIED CAUSE, 911I], both in Europe, which I don't know well, and in America, which I know fairly well. If we should have a prolonged controversy over whether Germany invaded Norway a few jumps ahead of a British invasion of Norway, or whether France in declaring war was the real aggressor, this trial can do infinite harm for those countries with the people of the United States. And the same is true of our Russian relationships. The Germans will certainly accuse all three of our European Allies of adopting policies which forced them to war. The reason I Say that is that captured documents which we have always made that claim-that Germany would be forced into war. They admit they were planning war, but the captured documents of the Foreign Office that I have examined all come down to the claim, "We have no way out; we must fight; we are encircled; we are being strangled to death."