There is nothing new about all this. Russia has been a Middle Eastern power for centuries.
In 1955 Dulles at the State Department in America tried to form a Baghdad Pact to act as a bulwark aginst Russia. Pakistan and Turkey and Iran and Iraq joined the Baghdad Pact, but most of the other Arab counties refused to join for reasons that were not fully understood, but were something to do with Arab rivalries, and conflict with Israel, and being anti-British and anti-American. Iraq was a backward state then with an inefficient civil service. Not much has changed since then. Turkey was concerned about Russian agent intrigues with the wild Kurds even then.
There is a bit about this from an old Penguin book in about 1956:
"In these manoeuvres the fate of Syria was of special interest; it has been the home of the fiercest and most unqualified Arab nationalism, even though the Syrian government has never distinguished itself, or been stable. The Baghdad allies lost the struggle for Syria even though Turkey went to the length of making hardly concealed military threats on the Syrian border".
That is a very interesting quote with amazing parallels to today.
Cameron has just said he intends to use 70000 Free Syrian Army 'moderate' opposition fighters to support his Air and land token air strikes in Syria. The Americans managed to find four or five to train and equip, and to give them coalition air support. It's want of judgment and lack of strategic ability.
The number of FSA fighters in Syria are very hard to determine. There are an estimated
47,000 according to an outdated two year old estimate, and that was before two of the largest factions disintegrated, and large portions of the FSA have joined forces with the Turkish/Saudi Arabian/Qatari created Army of Conquest that is run by Al-Qaeda's official arm in Syria Al-Nursa and Al-Sham which includes many former high level Al-Qaeda operatives.
As it relates to this thread, this is another area where Turkey has knowingly supported outright terrorist jihadist organizations to further their own foreign policy goals.
Of that estimated 47,000 FSA fighters, 7,000 are allied with the YPG in the North, and could pretty fairly be designated as 'moderate.' Of the remaining 40,000, the number can be significantly lowered because the original Idlib factions were almost entirely wiped out by Al-Nursa, the largest faction the Southern Front mostly disintegrated, and the FSA in Aleppo has been hit from all sides (ISIS, Al-Nursa, regime forces, and the Russians) and has had
wide spread desertions.
Since so many factions of the FSA have turned to hardline Jihadist alliances, or have just been wiped out or disintegrated. You have maybe 10,000 to 20,000 'moderate' FSA opposition fighters left besides the 7,000 'moderate' fighters allied with the YPG Kurds.
The YPG has an estimated 50,000 fighters which have time and time again shown themselves to be the most moderate force in Syria.
Once you add in the Kurds, and their FSA allies you can get close to that 70,000 number pretty fast.
Providing the YPG and their Arab FSA allies with more arms and financial support is definitely the best way to take on ISIS, and probably the best plan towards stabilization in Syria in general.
It looks to me as though Isis are usually able to shelter from bombing in underground tunnels anyway, or they have fled to Mosul.
Wrong, the bombing campaign against ISIS with YPG support has been very effective against ISIS.
It is the exact reason why ISIS has had such an enormous problem with desertions and why their jails are mostly full of fighters who have wanted to escape.
ISIS fighters who have escaped will say the same thing.
I don't know if the RAF is now going to be used to topple Assad, as Cameron previously intended. I have not been told.
In my opinion Britain, France and America and Turkey should stop supporting Al-Qaeda and Isis with 'train and equip' and think of some non-military means of solving the problem in order to further the interests of the people. It's unfair on all the people trying to get on rubber boats to Europe, which are now causing unmanageable problems for local authorities in Europe. Turkey should stop trying to recreate the old Ottoman Empire with its Isis allies.
The coalition should focus on Al-Nursa and other Al-Qaeda affiliates that we have so far avoided because they are supported by Turkey/SA/Qatar, and we don't want to offend them or be rude by telling them to stop supporting Al-Qaeda.
Unfortunately, there are no real 'non-military means' of solving this problem. All of the peace talks at best would join small portions of the opposition with regime forces to take on ISIS and Al-Qaeda in exchange for more freedom, a revised Constitution, and new elections. Although all of that would happen only after a lot more war, possibly lasting for 5-10 years more after a peace deal is reached.
'Non military means' just basically means that other people will do the military fighting, the war goes on for much longer, and hundreds of thousands of more people die.
If we want to save lives and stop this war earlier, we have to stop being afraid of being rude or offensive by demanding that Turkey/SA/Qatar stop supporting Al-Qaeda and ISIS.