The main thing you are missing, and the main thing that you will likely continue to miss for the rest of your life is that you need a partner on the Palestinian side who actually wants peace not genocide.
It's possible, all that needs to happen is for enough people to just stop ignoring or encouraging the Palestinians from attacking the Israelis and actually work on a solution. That's it, pretty simple in theory and practice, but for over 65 years people cannot put the needs of the Palestinians above their own needs to use the situation for their own selfish purposes.
And here is the core problem in the Middle East.