Skepticism and The Normal

The act of defining, Gnu, removes the subjective content. For example, the 'light year' - the distance light travels in a vacuum in one Earth Year - is objective. That it has been defined as such is not subjective whatsoever.

But the act of perception is by default subjective. It requires certain assumptions and knowledge to make 'objective observations' - and, again, that's where definitions come in handy.

If I hold up two fingers and say 'this far apart', the subjective nature of perception means that any two people are likely to disagree on what I'm saying. But if I say 'one foot', then because of the objective nature of the definition of 'foot' and 'one', two people should know exactly what I'm saying.

The problem with 'beauty' is that it has never, ever been defined objectively. Some standards are recorded in different societies - such as 'small feet' or 'extended lips' or 'symmetrical breasts'. But those standards can vary wildly between cultures and - worse - between individuals.

I cannot look at a yardstick and say, 'That's not a yard'. But I can look at a person with small feet and say, 'Those feet are not beautiful'. I cannot look at a red light and say 'that's not red'; but I can look at a woman with pale white skin and say 'she is not beautiful'.

If each of us encounters the same canvas, for example, we could easily agree that it is a meter tall by a meter-and-a-half wide, that the frame is brown wood, that the colors used are blue, green, and yellow. These things are defined and have become objectified through our common languages. We can even translate between different systems - I can say it's about a yard wide, while you say it's a meter wide, but through simple conversion we can see that we're saying the same thing.

But when you comment on the beauty of the symmetry, the proportions, the balance of light and dark, and I comment on the ugliness of the chosen subject, the course brush strokes, the blurry overall effect of the painting - I cannot agree with you on the canvas' beauty if I do not share your standards of beauty. Indeed, even if you show me your standards, they are not mine, necessarily, and what you define as 'beautiful' I am still completely free to define as 'ugly', and neither of us is right or wrong.

Beauty is nothing more than an opinion, and opinions are subjective.

Consensus reality is nothing more than mass opinion, and as such, is subjective. Likewise, the definition of 'objective' that depends upon viewers is also subjective.

As I apply objective, I always imagine the topic as if there were no one present. Is this crystal beautiful if no one observes it? Is it still hard? Does it still reflect light? Is the light blue?

Those questions that still are answered affirmative are objective answers; those in the negative, subjective ones.

I do not believe that reality ceases to exist if no observers are present. But without observers, things like beauty and good do not exist.
 
Ah, I see where we're misunderstanding each other, moby. In order to define 'consensus reality', I went to the dictionary definition of 'objective', and labelled a subsection of 'objective' as 'consensus'.

How can you label 'consensus' a subsection of 'objective' when the only time objectivity comes into play is when you say it does?

There is nothing objective at all in the process: "Right, we've taken a large number of subjective opinions, we've taken the average of said subjective opinions, and so now we have 'consensus reality'."

Z addressed the point of 'definitions' far better than I could have, so I'll leave you with his answer to that one.
 
A metre is actually the same "to all observers" (not just a selected population), because by international agreement the standard applies planet-wide. That qualifies it as being more than a subjective judgment.
Even if the metre had never been invented, an object 1 metre long would be the same length to all observers. The property "length" is an objective property. A consensus of opinion about the length of an object is either correct or it isn't; it has no effect on the actual length of the object. The metre is just an arbitrarily defined unit of length.

We used to have a poster here who repeatedly asserted that if a consensus of opinion agreed on something (or as he put it, if a concept was "mass existing in well distributed people since long") then it was objectively true. It ain't so.
 
I don't understand, DrK, on what basis you say this is not true.

Largely on the basis that it isn't true.

For it to be true that 'it can be stated as a fact that "AJ is closer to the ideal of beauty (in this time and place) than Edith"', it would be necessary that there be a unique ideal of beauty.

It's very difficult to be "closer" to something when no one can agree what or where that is -- but that's exactly the situation that holds with beauty.

You admit this yourself :

In order for me to do that, it's necessary for you to acknowledge that 'ideals of beauty' do actually exist...

Unfortunately, they simply don't. If such standards existed, then beauty would no longer be subjective, but objective, precisely because something could be objecctively compared against the ideals.

For example, would AJ be "closer," or "further away" from the ideal of beauty if she were a blonde instead of brunette? It's well-documented that different people have different preferred hair colours. So if you did a survey, and came to the conclusion that 60% of the people think she would look better blonde, youi're really not saying anything about AJ, but about the different preferences that people have -- meaning the lack of a single ideal against which she can be compared.

I know we could argue till the cows come home about the exact standards that we should be quantifying - but that is analysis after the event: we discover the standards of beauty by asking people their opinion, and then analyzing the results. Not by defining beauty, and then using that definition to make the judgment.

But that says nothing about the concept you study, only about the people taking the survey.

We cannot discover "the standards of beauty" through that method, because we have no evidence that any two people have the same "standards."


And, no, I don't think you made this claptrap up yourself. But I don't think the fact that someone else invented this claptrap makes it any more likely to be correct.




So, QED, or not ? I can't see what's wrong with that reasoning myself, but maybe someone else can...

It's methodological gibberish from start to end I can't see what's right about it. You start out by positing that beauty, a subjective concept, can be associated with an objective characteristic of body shape. Then you measure that objectively, and you come up with something about "consensus reality"?
 
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Largely on the basis that it isn't true.


that's a claim, not an argument

For it to be true that 'it can be stated as a fact that "AJ is closer to the ideal of beauty (in this time and place) than Edith"', it would be necessary that there be a unique ideal of beauty.

The fact is there is both a unique and personal ideal for beauty, as well as an objective component.

I was talking about this with a few people offline this past week. Someone I was talking to mentioned that 'a sphere of glowing white light' is considered objectively beautiful, and will draw all eyes to it. I cant find any research on that yet, havent had time, but find it an i nteresting example. The claim was that even animals are mesmerized by a glowing white light (for example those crazy fish at the bottom of the ocean, I believe those 'light' things they have attached to themselves attract other fish as a bait)

So I submit, therefore that LIGHT is objectively beautiful, and look forward to hear arguments otherwise.

It's very difficult to be "closer" to something when no one can agree what or where that is -- but that's exactly the situation that holds with beauty.

I think we can agree on an ideal in principle, but we cant define it, and there is a distinction there and the possible source of confusion. If there is an ideal for beauty, it may be hard to define, but easy to notice. I dont find the logic of your thinking here comprehensive.

If such standards existed, then beauty would no longer be subjective, but objective, precisely because something could be objecctively compared against the ideals.

again, I find your logic not to be comprehensive. You need to spend some time in the fashion or art world before you make such a statement. There are many ideals that serve an 'objective function' for beauty. Athletic symmetry, a tight body with lo body fat, muscle tone, and perfect alignment is an objective standard for beauty and is used all the time to compare other bodies against. Superficial people ONLY hold objective values for beauty, and negate their own personal or unique tastes.

For example, would AJ be "closer," or "further away" from the ideal of beauty if she were a blonde instead of brunette?

'blonde or brunette' is personal, the subjective side to beauty. your missing the point

It's well-documented that different people have different preferred hair colours.

sure, beauty is both objective and subjective, so?

So if you did a survey, and came to the conclusion that 60% of the people think she would look better blonde, youi're really not saying anything about AJ, but about the different preferences that people have -- meaning the lack of a single ideal against which she can be compared.

Your assuming hair color is the objective component. Beauty is harmony, symmetry, balance. It matters not the hair color, but 'how' the color of the hair 'harmonizes' visualy with other features.

Ever here the expression 'she is real easy on the eyes'?

Objective beauty is 'easy' to find.


But that says nothing about the concept you study, only about the people taking the survey.


Poor application of a good hueristic to consider

And, no, I don't think you made this claptrap up yourself. But I don't think the fact that someone else invented this claptrap makes it any more likely to be correct.

funny, I was about to say the same thing to you

It's methodological gibberish from start to end I can't see what's right about it.

I know you cant 'see it'. But I would'nt assume that because you cant see it, it's not there. Your making the 'peek a boo' error that a child makes here.


You start out by positing that beauty, a subjective concept, can be associated with an objective characteristic of body shape. Then you measure that objectively, and you come up with something about "consensus reality"?

Beauty is an experience of qualia. Colors are not 'really' there how we percieve them either, it's just how we are wired to percieve and distinguish light. It is identical to beauty. We are wired to gravitate visually to symmetry and harmony of form, even if we can't define it or are even aware of it.

A body becomes 'more' beautiful the more it is aligned with the natural center line of the body. It's measurable, observable, and can be duplicated or designed in form. It is repeatable.


I posted this image before

http://www.rolfing-munich.de/Littelboy.jpg

objective beauty is 'easy on the eyes'. it's patterns are harmonious with our inner metaphysics, thinking and feeling.



BF
 
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Z,

Which would still not 'objectify' beauty. Objective does NOT equal mass subjective or mass intersubjective.

And that is not my argument. All I do is pointing to the objective criteria for beauty.


Which still proves beauty is subjective.

Very important: I’m not arguing against the subjectivity of beauty.


me: Youth is just a variable for our predictive model.
If it were objective, it wouldn't be a variable.

Huh?


me: Yes, and then we objectify these subjective evaluations and compare them to the criterions.
And get a consensus of subjective opinions. Which is NOT what objectivity is.

The "..and compare them to the criteria"-part is important here.

Plus, I’m not arguing for the equality of consensus and objectivity.


If no person existed, would a sunrise be beautiful?

There’s a blue cup on a table, if we’d leave the room would the cup still be blue?

Like beauty, the color blue is a subjective phenomenon. What we have, is a common translation from the color to the electromagnetic spectrum (blue = ~450nm). Because of this, color is used as an objective attribute. Now, just because beauty is more complex to describe, it is functionally no different to the term color.
 
And the cover of NewScientist this month?

http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/covers/20070414.jpg

http://www.newscientist.com/channel...at-the-logic-caf.html;jsessionid=OGIAENJMHEOM


hehe, perhaps this fellow has had a round with the 'ol OS 012?

I cant wait til you slowpokes catch up. But wait, that's a projection as well, I need to catch up in this discussion! I am going to get back to it slowly this week.

Well I'm certainly not going to fork out $4.95 to read the story just for Bubb, so maybe someone with a subscription will clarify for us. I suspect Bubb may be making the usual quantum 'leap':(
 
Sorry, I know I said I was backing out, but in the continued absence of bubb, I hope no-one minds if I respond some more here ?

z, last night I read the other thread that you started, very interesting, so we can always go over there if it gets unwieldly here, fair enough ?

you asked :
Though what you're trying to get at with your posts, I'm not sure.

I'm making exactly the same point as ichneumonwasp was making on the other thread.
He defined what he saw as the problem in exactly the same way that I did. He said :

My take: the word "objective" seems to have two uses, two "definitions" (... snip ...). We use the word to mean "independent of viewpoint" or independent of human observers -- ... snip ... It also seems to mean "inter-subjective" -- we, as observers, share a common viewpoint; we see things in the same way.

And his solution is exactly the same as mine - to separate out the second definition, make it a separate category with a different name.

The only difference is his preference to use the term 'inter-subjectivity', but the definition is still the same : "according to all observers".

So ichneumonwasp and I (not to mention a fair number of philosohers) are proposing a 3-level system:

subjective ........................: one observer
inter-subjective/consensus ..: all observers
objective .........................: no observers

I just realized that some of you have already recognized the possibility of the intermediate category, when you refer to "mass subjective standard".


Mass subjective standard/Intersubjectivity/consensualiity... same thing. So you know what I'm talking about.

And the reason I find it a helpful model is that it clearly distinguishes between different kinds of (provisional) truth. (Provisional) truths confimed by all observers constitute scientific knowledge, and scientific knowledge possesses a validity that one person's observations do not.

Which is why, if I want to find out some information, I can rely more on an encyclopaedia than a random selected individual.

So consensus (provisional) truth is more reliable, and has more validity, than one individual's (provisional) truth.

But it's not ultimate truth either, because it needs obsevers and consensus.



Actually, I just realized, sorry, I omitted an important element the system, in that the consensus does not need to apply to all observers, as we've discussed; one can select smaller samples, and the consensual truth is then true for that population only.

subjective ........................: one observer
inter-subjective/consensus : all observers (of a given selection)
objective .........................: no observers

This allows us to say that some consensus truths have more applicability, or validity, than others.

The statement "A metre is defined as the distance travelled by light in absolute vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second" has more validity than "It is 2007", because it is acknowledged as true by all the world, rather than by, say, only three-quarters of it.

So the consensus reality category also accurately encompasses partial truths, which may in time either expand to universality, dwindle out of existence, or remain partial, in the light of new information.



My reality, our reality, reality...



... where 'our' doesn't have to mean 'everyone's'.





Gnu.


PS Oh, I've just seen the recent comments, and Bubb's back too. I'd like to reply to everyone's arguments, but it's impractical, I think. So apologies. So if I don't address one of your points, don't assume it's because I agree with you !!

as I said, z, if you want to talk elsewhere, fine. Can I leave you to decide what to do, cos I don't know the etiquette here yet myself ? Thanks.
 
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I cannot look at a yardstick and say, 'That's not a yard'.


I wanted to say, that's a good example of a partial reality which expanded to a universal reality.

The truth of your statement depends on knowing in which year it was said.

In 1957, an American could walk into a shop in London to buy a yard-stick, look at one and quite correctly say 'That's not a yard'.

Because it wouldn't be the same length as a yard back home.

In 1958, when a universal standard was adopted, a lot of previously legitimate yardsticks became non-yardsticks (or perhaps, slightlytooshortyardsticks).

Also, z, when you asked :

As I apply objective, I always imagine the topic as if there were no one present. Is this crystal beautiful if no one observes it? Is it still hard? Does it still reflect light? Is the light blue?

Those questions that still are answered affirmative are objective answers; those in the negative, subjective ones.

Forgive me if I'm wrong, z, but I assume, by the way you didn't supply answers to those questions, that you believe the answers are obvious, and everybody would answer them the same, is that right ?

If so, I'd have to disagree. Those four questions are good examples of issues that have been argued over by philosophers for centuries.

I really don't think they've finished yet, z. Ask a hundred philosophers those questions now; I predict the probability of complete consensus in their yes/no responses. as ... tiny.

Personally, I'm going for no, no, no,and no .

Does that mean I don't exist ?


Gnu.



PS I might change my mind about the third one.
 
<snip>Personally, I'm going for no, no, no,and no .</snip>

That makes you an idealist - someone who thinks the subjective observer/mind is responsible for creation of that reality. I have difficulty talking to idealists.

I'll see how I feel in the morning, though.
 
What ? "No,no,no, and no" makes me an idealist ?

Bummer.

That sounds really baaad, and I don't wanna be an idealist if it's gonna make it difficult for you to talk to me.

Because it's good to talk.

So I wanna change my third 'no' to a 'yes', and my second 'no' to a 'maybe'.

What does that make me now ?

(ed- it makes you "operating a computer while under the influence", and you must step away from the key-board immedia...
 
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I wanted to say, that's a good example of a partial reality which expanded to a universal reality.

The truth of your statement depends on knowing in which year it was said.

In 1957, an American could walk into a shop in London to buy a yard-stick, look at one and quite correctly say 'That's not a yard'.

Because it wouldn't be the same length as a yard back home.
On the other hand, a UK yardstick, if taken to the US, would have remained the same length as it had been in the UK, even if people in the US didn't think it should be that length.

Now let's go back to your consensus idea for beauty.

Let's say that, at some point, the consensus of what was considered beautiful differed between the UK and the US, just as the definition of a yard differed. Would something that people considered beautiful in the UK remain beautiful if taken to the US, where people didn't consider it beautiful?
 
And the cover of NewScientist this month?

http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/ns/covers/20070414.jpg

http://www.newscientist.com/channel...at-the-logic-caf.html;jsessionid=OGIAENJMHEOM


hehe, perhaps this fellow has had a round with the 'ol OS 012?

I cant wait til you slowpokes catch up. But wait, that's a projection as well, I need to catch up in this discussion! I am going to get back to it slowly this week.

Quantum superposition of states is a wonderful little thing isn't it? But I fail to see how it relates to AJ being beautiful, being as the logical extension of what you're suggesting we apply is not that she is subjecively and objectively beautiful at the same time, but instead that she is both beautiful and not beautiful at the same time.

In other words, while the article is interesting, it has nothing to do with the topic at hand.

Would you care to address the argument I put forward earlier, please?
 
My reality, our reality, reality...

A warning Gnu, you're not doing yourself any favours if you're trying to convince people that you are not simply a Bubb shill or a copycat troll.

Also, as has already been pointed out, subjective is not the same thing as arbitrary.


Z asked
As I apply objective, I always imagine the topic as if there were no one present. Is this crystal beautiful if no one observes it? Is it still hard? Does it still reflect light? Is the light blue?

Gnu replied
Personally, I'm going for no, no, no,and no
...
What ? "No,no,no, and no" makes me an idealist

Yes it does:

"Idealism refers to any philosophy that argues that reality is somehow dependent upon the mind rather than independent of it."

So if you claim that the crystal is no longer hard, no longer reflects light and no longer reflects specifically blue light when no one is present, then you are arguing that the absence of a consciousness to observe the crystal has fundamentally changed its nature. You are suggesting that reality has changed because of the absence of an observer.
 
So if you claim that the crystal is no longer hard, no longer reflects light and no longer reflects specifically blue light when no one is present, then you are arguing that the absence of a consciousness to observe the crystal has fundamentally changed its nature. You are suggesting that reality has changed because of the absence of an observer.

I might be a bit more flexible on the notion of 'is the light blue', since color is a function of our brain's interpretation of certain wavelengths of light. Light has intensity, wavelength, frequency, etc; but until it's been received and interpreted by a brain, it may not necessarily be 'blue'.

Then again, if we apply a more accurate scientific definition to 'blue' - light reflected or emitted in the wavelength of 440–490 nm - then we've reverted it to an objective measurement. So it would be entirely accurate, at that point, to say that the light is still blue, even if no one is present to see it.
 
What ? "No,no,no, and no" makes me an idealist ?

Bummer.

That sounds really baaad, and I don't wanna be an idealist if it's gonna make it difficult for you to talk to me.

Because it's good to talk.

So I wanna change my third 'no' to a 'yes', and my second 'no' to a 'maybe'.

What does that make me now ?

(ed- it makes you "operating a computer while under the influence", and you must step away from the key-board immedia...


lol

The reason I find it difficult to talk to idealists, is that while they mostly accept what science tells them, they still hold out a reserve notion that science can be tossed out the window if the observer leaves, or that somehow we can consciously rewrite reality if we figure out how.

There's other reasons too...

But let's consider the crystal example for a moment. If no observer is present, the crystal is not beautiful - as Bub pointed out at least once, beauty relates to a person's emotional reaction to something, which means there absolutely has to be a person present for a thing to be beautiful.

Is the crystal hard? Hardness is a very specifically defined term among jewelers and geologists, and the answer would be yes - even without an observer present, the crystal would remain hard. Does it reflect light? Absolutely. Is that light blue? Well, as I mentioned above, IF we rigidly define blue, then yes, the light is still blue.

What you suggest when you answer all no's, is that the crystal basically loses all properties without an observer present. It is no longer beautiful, or hard, or reflective; the light it reflects isn't blue. It basically ceases to exist without an observer present. That's idealism, in a nutshell.

For idealists, every property is subjective. Every thing is subjective. That's probably why there's a definition of objective that means 'mass subjective', because that's the only way an idealist would EVER use the term 'objective'. To an idealist, objective reality is nothing if not a shared subjective experience. To a materialist, objective reality is independent of all subjective experience, and subjective experiences can only provide clues about what's in objective reality. I'm not sure what a dualist thinks... probably a little of both.

So definition 2 of 'objective' or 'consensus reality' or 'intersubjectivity' are functions, it would seem, of idealism, to a degree. If you're unwilling to categorize 'consensus reality' as subjective, then you're an idealist or some kind of dualist. If you're unwilling to define 'objective' as 'independent of observers', then you're an idealist or some kind of dualist.

Although I'm a dualist at heart, my form of dualism is reality/unreality - that is, I feel there's reality, which is strictly material/physical, and unreality, which is nonmaterial/spiritual/something probably undefinable. I feel that the two rarely ever interact, except through thought/imagination/dreams. So I tend to approach all such problems as a materialist.

Therefore, for any given property X, in order to determine objectivity or subjectivity, I ask if X would still exist in the absence of observers?

For beauty, the answer is no.
For hardness, yes.
For reflectivity, yes.
For color? Depends on definitions used... probably yes.

Alternately, for any given property X, I might ask, is the property evaluated the same (conceptual translations considered) between all generally sane peoples?

For beauty, the answer is no.
For hardness, yes.
For reflectivity, yes.
For color, yes.

So by either consideration, beauty is subjective, hardness and reflectiveness are objective, and color should be objective, depending on what definition you would apply.

Obviously, if you define color as the brain's reaction to certain wavelengths of light, the answer to the first set becomes 'no', while becoming 'yes' in the second set; this does more to pointing out the fact that the definition is probably faulty than it does to establishing the objectivity or subjectivity of color.
 

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