To understand how the Wisconsin court came to this decision, Gableman is the ideal justice to focus on. As an undistinguished county trial judge, he was recruited by business organizations to run against Louis Butler, a liberal and the court’s only black member, in the 2008 election. He narrowly won, giving the conservatives a majority, in a campaign so ugly that the Wisconsin Judicial Commission brought charges against Gableman for “reckless disregard for the truth.” He had run TV ads that gave the false impression that Butler had tried “to put criminals on the street.” (In two reviews of the charges, Gableman was not sanctioned for reasons better explained by politics than logic.)
According to the Center for Media and Democracy, a liberal watchdog group in Wisconsin, Gableman would not have been elected without the support of Wisconsin Club for Growth, the state arm of the national Club for Growth, and Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce, the state chapter of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. These two groups spent a total of $2.75 million on so-called issue ads during the campaign, more than five times what the Gableman campaign spent. They are, as the center noted, the “same groups that allegedly coordinated with Walker and brought the challenge to these coordination rules.”
The special prosecutor formally asked Gableman to recuse himself from deciding the case about the John Doe investigation, based on the well-established principle that a judge should disqualify himself if his impartiality can be reasonably questioned. (The prosecutor also asked that another justice recuse himself, for the same reasons.) But under a recusal rule proposed by Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce, among other groups, and adopted by the Wisconsin Supreme Court, in 2009, by a 4–3 conservative-liberal split, a justice need no longer recuse himself because he received campaign contributions from, or was the beneficiary of, “independent” spending by a person or group seriously affected by the case.
http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/scott-walkers-wisconsin-and-the-end-of-campaign-finance-law