I just found this very well written piece by a reporter from
The Village Voice regarding a visit to Hudson Valley, the largest foie gras farm in America and the same one that Anthony Bourdain visited.
The Village Voice-Is Foie Gras Torture?
Although all I have to go on is an individual's written testimony, I do get the impression from this article that Hudson Valley is much better than some of the farms in Canada and France and is taking measures to improve animal welfare. That they welcome unannounced visits anytime is encouraging. And that they don't keep their birds in individual cages with no room to move like the Canadian farm is also a good thing. Still, one person's written opinion and no scientific testing is very limited as far as evidence goes, especially when scientific studies have been done on the welfare of foie gras ducks in the past (e.g. the EU Scientific Committee on Animal Health and Welfare mentioned in the article).
As for the actual force feeding being harmful or not, the fatality rate mentioned by the article of 5% (1 out of 20) is actually quite large. That is about 25 times higher than the 0.2% that would be expected in normal ducks (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foie_gras_controversy) and would seem to indicate that the force feeding is indeed harmful. Having seen pictures of normal livers compared with foie gras livers and the massive difference, this is not intuitively surprising.
It is also worth noting that not all individuals who've toured US foie gras farms have come away with the same impression. A contrasting example is the chef I mentioned earlier in the thread who toured 3 US farms and concluded foie gras was not humane, despite having served it as his restaurant and including numerous recipes for it in his recipe book. This chef is also of the opinion that animal rights groups are "idiots" and "pathetic".
I write from the perspective of a non-expert who is near-vegan. While I think non foie gras farms are inhumane I think foie gras force feeding is clearly
more inhumane than normal practice. But
how much more I can't give a definitive answer to. I hope more farms continue to consult animal welfare experts, as Hudson Valley appears to be doing and I'd like to think animal proponent activists have and will continue to play a role in bringing that kind of thing about.