This is rather interesting. The decision of the ECHR in this case on this point was:
Decision of the Court
Admissibility – exhaustion of domestic remedies
The Italian Government alleged that Ms Parrillo ought to have used a remedy providing for a review of constitutionality, which was introduced in Italy in 20075. The Court welcomed, in this new form of review, the encouragement given by the Constitutional Court to the national judicial authorities to interpret domestic standards and the Constitution in the light of the European Convention on Human Rights and the Court’s case-law. However, it noted, on the one hand, that the Italian system provided only for indirect application by individuals to the Constitutional Court and, on the other, that it had not been shown, through established case-law and practice, that, where the donation of embryos to research was concerned, an action by Ms Parrillo before the ordinary courts to raise a question of constitutionality before the Constitutional Court in the light of the Convention would have amounted to an effective remedy. In consequence, it could not be claimed that Ms Parrillo ought to have exhausted this remedy.
http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/app/conve...tro fertilisation to scientific research .pdf
-----
The claim by the Italian government was outrageous. As Numbers has pointed out, judges in all courts below the constitutional court have been obliged to interpret all laws in a convention compliant manner. But, additionally, if they are unable to do this - in other words, if a reading of the law makes it impossible to interpret it in such a manner - they are obliged to refer the law to the constitutional court who will then render a final decision as to whether it can, in fact, be interpreted compliantly. If it cannot, then it must be struck down. In attempting to shift the burden of questioning and establishing the constitutionality of a law to a claimant or defendant, the government was effectively arguing that the duties imposed upon the judges of the lower courts are not actually duties at all.
Regarding the Italian government's claim, in the ECHR case Parrillo v Italy [GC] 46470/11 27/08/2015, that Parrillo should have appealed to the Italian Constitutional Court to exhaust all domestic remedies in her case:
The ECHR pointed out that individuals are generally unable to appeal directly to the Italian Constitutional Court; in Italian law, the procedure an individual could follow is, in an appeal to an ordinary appeal court, to ask that court to pose a question of the Constitutional Court.
Note further that the Italian Constitutional Court instructed all ordinary courts in Italy to follow the European Convention to interpret law, as long as that did not contravene the Italian Constitution. In the case of Amanda Knox and Raffaele Sollecito, the ordinary Italian courts failed to follow that direction.
It seems remarkable that in Italy, the ordinary courts apparently can ignore the direction of the Constitutional Court without any consequence.