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Merged Apollo "hoax" discussion / Lick observatory laser saga

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A couple of Preliminary Comments Loss Leader.......

I am always around.

1) The United States claims to be in possession of something like 841.7 lbs of moon rocks. Assuming the stones really are of lunar origin, it would seem quite unlikely that so much selenostuff could have been brought/carried to the earth robotically.

2) At this point in time, my understanding is that all of the rocks passed first through the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Assuming this to be true, all of the stones were first weighed in there, at that lab, before being passed to experts. Assuming that to be true, there are no "standards", other than those of the Lunar Receiving Lab itself that did the initial processing and analyzing against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin. The fact that "all experts agree" the stones are "real", whatever "real" might mean, may well be not all that meaningful/noteworthy. One the one hand, if the Lunar Receiving Lab proves reputable, no big deal. On the other, if the lab proves suspect, one has an angle to work with as regards demonstrating stone fraudulence. Keep in mind, demonstrating stone bogusness means showing that Armstrong and Aldrin did not bring the stones back in the case of Apollo 11 say. It does not mean proving the stones were not born of the moon.
 
Patrick1000/fattydash/DoctorTea/etc. said:
It is not a new point in this thread. MEN cannot tell one star from another through a 20 mag 40mm sextant, period, even with the help of a AGC.
Every amateur astronomer in the world, including myself, will tell you you are incredibly deluded if you believe that.
Including myself. I cut my teeth on an Edmund 3" Newtonian and have operated telescopes up to a 36" reflector. I've observed from the middle of Houston and in high, clear, dark New Mexico skies. The idea that you can't tell one star from another in such an instrument is laughable. Once again, Patrick1000/fattydash/DoctorTea/etc. Has No Idea What He's Talking About (tm). It might as well become the official motto of this forum.

I find Vega in my scope, roll over to The Kids, then roll over to the Ring Nebula on a regular basis, all the while looking through my 4" Newtonian.

Same here, and this is a very common example of star-hopping at low to medium power. According to Patrick1000/fattydash/DoctorTea/etc., this sort of thing should be impossible. The fact that it's done routinely demonstrates clearly his unfamiliarity with yet another subject on which he makes confident assertions which are completely wrong.

One astronomer has any difficulty distinguishing a bright star from a dim star.

I'm sure you meant "No astronomer..." And it is appropriate, since in addition to obviously not being a doctor, scientist, mathematician, writer, engineer - all of which he has claimed - he is most definitely no astronomer, either.

Call any amateur astronomer club in the world and present this wacky theory to them and tell us what they say.

I'm sure they'd be polite; such organizations are generally used to inquiries from cranks. But Patrick1000/fattydash/DoctorTea/etc. has a track record of running away from being introduced to experts whom he's implied endorse him, and routinely ignores the experts on this forum who have tried to educated him, so I think they are safe.
 
As I said earlier, these are things an undergrad pre-med student taking immunology wouldn't say.


As a past undergrad pre-med student (who eventually decided to move on to other fields--after completing a biology degree), I would have to agree with that assessment.

You are not a doctor. You don't even play one well on the internet.


I also agree with this. It's painfully obvious.
 
It is hardly plagiarized matt, it has been one of my favorite.....

More of Patrick's plagiarization from here: http://astronauticsnow.com/history/astronauticssymposium/orbits.html

Patrick changed a few words, but like the cdesign proponentsists, he hasn't quite mastered the art of copy and paste and left in extra spaces where he changed the words.

But of course there is more to the story and, surprise, surprise, it includes quote-mining. The next paragraph says:




So they already had an improved value for ke2 by 1957 and were speculating on the errors an ICBM would have if the improved value wasn't used. All that remained was to refine ke which subsequent searches show was done with artificial satellites in low Earth orbit. All the other values Patrick tried to inflate were also accurately known well before Apollo 11.

So Patrick's "LRRRs were placed on the Moon to accurately measure the AU" theory is proved completely wrong yet again.

It is hardly plagiarized matt, it has been one of my favorite references and I have used it, quoted it, and paraphrased it very openly since I discovered it months ago.

Herrick says they needed better constants for ICBM targeting and says it very directly. I say they obtained those constants by way of the American Manned Space Program.
 
Note carefully that I made reference to test bans AND public opinion.....

Oh, that's priceless! You don't need to be a rocket scientist to do rocket science. That's another Stundie.

First, why did you phrase it so dishonestly? You didn't answer the question I asked. You proceeded to justify your implied answer to it with another bald-faced assertion. You couldn't bring yourself to actually write the words, "I have no training or experience in aerospace engineering," even though that would have been the truth.

And why are you so terrified of that truth? Because you know that no one buys your "common sense is enough" claim -- even you. When I turned the tables on you in another thread, you fell headlong into the rhetorical trap: you insisted that common sense wasn't enough to dispute things you had expertise in. And to cement your hypocrisy, you yourself quote experts such as Frank O'Brien precisely because you believe that such expertise is necessary to establish a proper understanding of the relevant facts.

My question was asked in the context of ICBM testing. Your rewriting of it to "any of this," and the attendant laundry list of prior claims, constitutes a straw-man expansion of scope. Yes, there are some things you have brought up in your 7-month odyssey of error that aren't related to engineering. But most are, and that was the context of my question. You are unqualified to dispute achievements in aerospace engineering. Admit it and own it, or the world will spank you over it every time.

So you admit that expertise is necessary, you admit that common sense doesn't tell you everything you need to know, and you admit you don't have the proper expertise. That leaves you pretty far out in the cold, Patrick. Given these admissions, how can you maintain that everyone but you is wrong? Isn't it more likely that the uninformed loner is the one who is wrong?



Easy, there. One "must" is enough. Yes, we test missiles. And the procedures for testing missiles is rocket science.



No, it prevents nuclear warheads from being exploded. Nothing in any test ban treaty prevents testing delivery systems with non-functioning warheads -- or more often, instrument packages.



To the degree of confidence afforded us by the means we choose to test, yes.



You haven't proven that they're phony, only that you don't understand them because you lack the appropriate training and expertise. Further, you haven't shown that the expenditures attributed to any of the manned space programs are inappropriate, although you committed some pretty amusing errors in your attempt to do so.



Straw man. You may not arbitrarily invent requirements that the operators of the system do not assume. The judgment of how accurate and reliable a rocket needs to be in order to satisfy its mission is rocket science.



Loss Leader, this is what I was getting at when you and I and others discussed deduction (i.e., argumentation) versus observation. Despite the factual information available regarding how nuclear missiles are tested, Patrick has instead constructed a line of reasoning intended to show how they "must" be tested instead. Do you see in this example how an argument for a conclusion that ought to be true is weaker than an observation of what else is instead seen to be true? Yes, his argument is flawed, but that's my point.

To the point now, Patrick, I and several others have asked how Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, and STS missions would effectively test nuclear missile technology. We want specifics, and we aren't getting any from you so far. Designing adequately faithful tests of rocket systems is exactly rocket science, and is in fact one of the more demanding aspects of the licensed profession.

But if you're repeating your previous pattern, you don't have the specifics yet. You've already drawn your conclusion, and now you're frantically looking for quotes you can mine to selectively support your pre-existing belief. You admit this is how you've worked in the past, and you seem proud of doing it that way -- wrong as it can possibly be. We might even see one of those cases where you wait three weeks and then sneak back into this particular point by regurgitating what others have told you in rebuttal, pretending that you knew it all along and are now instructing the reader.



They are not facts or certainties. They are simply your beliefs, which you haven't been able to prove are any stronger than uninformed personal belief even after 130+ pages of going round and round in circles.



And can you honestly sit there and tell the world that a proper evaluation of these incidents is not rocket science? If that's not rocket science then what is?

Evaluating flight test anomalies is rocket science. I took you through each one in detail, giving you the engineer's perspective on it. You simply ignored all of it and insisted that your uninformed judgment alone was superior. Why do you think the world will not rightly interpret your claim as ignorance on your part?



I assume no pun was intended there. Yes, we've been over all these points ad nauseam because you respect no knowledge but your own, limited as it is. In the real world this debate would have been over in an hour when the proponent realized he didn't have sufficient understanding. But in your Dunning-Kruger kingdom, all you think you have to do to prove your belief is to state it and restate it. You don't get what it means to prove something.

First, you're not a doctor. The attending physician has impeccable credentials and has given his opinion. Your disputation of it amounts to nothing more than insisting he's wrong.

Second, you're not a flight director. The decision whether to continue a mission in the face of illness is not a medical decision alone. There are other issues at stake, and you lack the proper judgment to satisfice them. What you personally would have done differently is utterly irrelevant to the authenticity of the missions.

Third, you can't decide what you should have done. At first you told us that the flight should have been aborted immediately, and that this was the only acceptable solution. Then that "infallible" conclusion was quietly forgotten as you asserted that they should have "fixed the toilet." And that's where the discussion lies: you were invited to give a proper aerospace engineering evaluation of the details of your proposal, and you have fled from it. You simply wave your hands and say the engineers should somehow have done something differently, and the fact that they didn't is somehow more "infallible" proof of fraud.

Finally, you have no explanation for why NASA couldn't get this right. With legions of flight surgeons on the insider payroll, why couldn't the come up with an illness that is plausible to you?



Regarding the laser, you were asked to compute its visual magnitude. Many engineers can do this, but you simply pretended the question was never asked. The apparent brightness of the laser affects your expectation that it should have been seen, but you refuse to provide the proof. Therefore we reject your claim.

This did, however, lead to a rather amusing sidetrack in which it was revealed that you thought only the CAPCOM could hear the crew! How's that "common sense" working for you now?

The astronauts report being able or unable to see various stars under different circumstances, just like any other star observer. You selectively report the astronauts' experience. And, like all the other laymen conspiracy theorists, you want to distill the issue of star visibility down to a simple rule with which you can beat the astronauts over the head, regardless of whether it's scientifically valid. Since all who observe stars for any reason cite various factors affecting their ability to do so, the astronauts' report is consistent with the general understanding of the task.



You've made so many contradictory claims under the umbrella of this point that I hardly know where to start. For someone who claims to be infallible, you seem to change your mind a lot.

Much of it boils down to one outlying bit of documentary evidence claiming that Lick Observatory was accidentally given the true coordinates of the landed LM. You place inappropriate emphasis on this account given long after the fact, and essentially disregard the stronger contemporary document evidence. Manufacturing a catastrophic dilemma is not proof.

Then at some point you claimed Eagle couldn't rendezvous properly with the CSM unless its terrestrial coordinates were precisely known, therefore the "lost" LM had to be fiction. You revealed a comically simplistic understanding of what orbital rendezvous actually entails. And predictably you manufactured a whole bunch of "constraints" that simply didn't apply.

You even revisited that claim in a different form, talking about out-of-plane errors. And that reminds us that you were asked to show some expertise in orbital mechanics, which applies to your claims of problematic terminal guidance for the LM. And predictably you refused to be tested. You explicitly rejected the notion that you should need to demonstrate any actual skill, despite the fact that orbital mechanics is the aerospace engineer's bread and butter.

Along the way you demonstrated an almost complete lack of understanding for how guidance and control systems actually work. I and others have explained to you in depth how they work, and how they would have worked for Apollo under the circumstances that Apollo 11 documented. You brush all that aside and thump your chest with more claims of infallibility.

You even amusingly assert that Ranger and Surveyor guidance dictates the parameters that apply to Apollo, despite lengthy and repeated analysis from an engineering and orbital mechanics standpoint. Do you really think it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand the difference in methods and limitations?

At the heart of your claim lies the difference between knowing the LM's location to some tolerance for flight operations, and knowing the LM's location to a different tolerance for scientific and historical purposes. You constantly conflate the two, applying the requirements, limits, and techniques from one to the other. When you stand in front of the AIAA do you really think they'll let you gloss over all those details?



At only one time did the astronauts report any difficulty checking the platform alignment by means of the attached optics: when Apollo 13 was surrounded by debris. At all other times, at 4-8 hour intervals, the astronauts reported no difficulty in getting a stellar fix. The sextant is testable on Earth, and the designer of the sextant (and the father of the science that derived it) verified the astronauts' ability to use it properly. You selectively quote the astronauts on this point.

The AGC and LGC contained a computerized star chart. Final identification of the stars was the task of the human pilot, therefore the computer component of the eventual solution did not need to be as robust as in other similar systems.

A proper assessment of guidance platform alignment contingencies, and their associated criticality ratings, can only be done by a suitably trained engineer. The layman's opinion -- i.e., your opinion -- is irrelevant. You asserted that the crew would need to align the platform at a moment's notice and spun your wheels considerably trying to prove the utter necessity of frequent and timely star fixes. Those of us who know how inertial guidance works are pretty much laughing at you.

And you remain unaware that the Apollo spacecraft were not designed to require constant inertial guidance. You cite irrelevant experience from ships and airplanes. The IMU itself was not even a C-1 item, and it nevertheless had a backup -- the SCS -- which is entirely absent in your thinking.

And of course the world is still awaiting the answer to whether you have operated any INS-guided vehicle, or have any experience in astronavigation. Clearly you don't want to admit that you have not, while many here in this forum have extensive practical experience with those machines and techniques. Why this concerted program of hiding your shortcomings from the audience? Could it be that you want the strength of your argument to be judged not on what you bring to the table, but what you can merely pretend to bring to the table?



Your personal judgment of how astronauts should act is arrogant, presumptuous, and irrelevant. But like your mentors Jarrah White and Bart Sibrel, you can't resist taking that personal pot-shot against the crews. You personally detest the Apollo astronauts, and this bias is becoming more and more evident in your writings.

I don't for one minute believe that kindness motivates your refusal to give evidence that the Apollo crews are as unintelligent as you claim. You've called them vile names for seven months and impugned practically every aspect of their careers and personality for your own aggrandizement. I will therefore demand objective proof for this claim, or a retraction. What you propose to call charity on your part, I call cowardice.

You, who post anonymously, and refuse to submit to any test of your claimed knowledge and skills, and have committed the most comical of elementary errors, have no basis calling into question the skills and qualifications of people whose accomplishments are prominently validated in public. These gentlemen earned advanced academic degrees in challenging fields before becoming astronauts, and distinguished themselves in other ways.

In the final analysis your argument against the proficiency of the Apollo astronauts boils down to -- once again -- begging the question. You just say to read their books and agree with you. How many Apollo astronauts have you personally met and worked with? I want actual names.

It is now time for you to put up or shut up.



And on what grounds do you maintain that the judgment to continue the mission under the documented circumstances is not rocket science? Can there be anything more suited to rocket science than the evaluation of a potential mission failure in a rocket? Your arrogance in denying this requisite expertise is frankly astonishing. The fully qualified rocket scientists and licensed engineers-of-record supplied their analysis on the record, but you simply brush it aside as "what the perps would naturally say."

In true layman fashion, you trot out irrelevant examples that seem to be superficially related. You handwave and bluster. But in the end, I explained in detail how lightning resistance is achieved in an airframe and how the Apollo spacecraft specifically achieved it. You have been presented with that detailed engineering analysis, but you have explicitly said you will not pay attention to it, with no further comment. How does that not qualify as simply putting your head in the sand and denying reality?

And finally, you have yet to explain how bringing the astronauts home immediately with potentially broken parachutes would have been any safer for them, and more valuable to the taxpayer, than first letting them go to the Moon and transmit back data and observations?



You provide no proof that Alan Bean's actions were intentional. They would just need to be in your scenario, so you circularly reason that they were. This is why you have no credibility.

I think it's hilarious that you point to a few isolated instances where expected photography was not provided and assert that this must be to keep evidence from piling up against Apollo. But you neglect that these are isolated islets in a veritable ocean of photographic evidence that would otherwise be subject to your suspicions. Formally this is the fallacy of limited scope -- your explanation doesn't apply to all the pertinent evidence.



You mean you can't think of any way. That's because developing feasible and faithful test programs is rocket science, and you don't have any experience in that. When your argument is structured, "It must be X because I've eliminated all the other possibilities," your ignorance of the field from which those possibilities would have to arise does fatal damage to your argument.

Nor, as I've written above, have you been able to describe how exactly these programs would test nuclear deterrant effectively. As I said, I was once an engineering contractor for the agency directly tasked with ensuring the viability and safety of our nuclear deterrant. That agency employs rocket scientists. Why do you think they would do that if rocket science is not a requirement, as you claim?



First, Apollo had stated military objectives: Project Chapel Bell, which has now been largely revealed to be an experiment in over-the-horizon radar tracking. NASA had no problem listing it as a classified military objective in the flight plans, mission reports, etc. That's what so silly about your overall claim. You say the general public would crap a brick if they found out Apollo was a military operation, therefore it had to be kept secret at all costs. But the actual military objectives of Apollo have been published since the mid-1960s and known about in detail for the past 5 years or so. So we have already seen how NASA handles its military obligations, and it bears no resemblance to what you say was done.

Second, none of those geodesy tasks would work for Apollo. Properly qualified engineers and operators have explained to you just why not, but you ignore them and merely continue to insist that the universe must operate as you envision it. Even you finally had to admit that your theory wouldn't work without a flotilla of artificial satellites which, in the final analysis, do the job themselves.

And you know this. Why else would you assiduously avoid my questions testing your knowledge of Doppler principles? You begged Loss Leader to let me test you on relevant questions. Then when the test came, despite my having directed your attention to it several times, you fled from it. You know very well that you're asking people to accept your judgment on the viability of the Moon for military purposes. And you know very well that your judgment is disputed by all the experts, and therefore fighting for its life. So it would be unacceptable for you to fail a test of the understanding you know must lie behind that judgment in order for it to be of any proof value.

In fact, even acknowledging the presence of the test would admit that there is knowledge out there that you don't have, can't be synthesized from intuition, and which has provably right and wrong answers. That terrifies you because you can't weasel out of a wrong answer in engineering.



Proof? You haven't provided any proof in this post -- just claims. That's the point: you don't know the difference between a proposition and the proof for it. You have no clue how proof is attained. This is why you keep begging the question and making circular arguments.

This post contains a list of your personal beliefs, not the proof for them. You obviously recognize the need to prove them individually, because you have attempted to do so. But you don't recognize when your argument fails, and so you often "prove" them simply by repeating them and insisting that it can be no other way. Your belief in something is not proof of it. Get over it.

I'm pretty much through with you. Your incessant puerile rants don't even qualify as a battle of wits, much less a learned discussion of the achievements of space engineering. You are thoroughly clueless, and discussion of any kind with you is an arduous chore.

Note carefully that I made reference to test bans AND PUBLIC OPINION.....In the case of weapons, ICBM testing, it is the latter that is the much much much more formidable obstacle. The Partial Test Ban was born of public opinion.

If people knew the military was consistently flying tritium through the atmosphere on the end of rockets, they would tell the government to STOP NOW!!!! REGARDLESS AS TO WHETHER OR NOT THE GOVERNMENT CHOOSES TO FUSE SAID TRITIUM OVER OUR HEADS.

Testing ICBMs posed and poses great risks to the public's health. This is NOT NOT NOT NOT Nevada "controlled" atom bomb testing with the gadget sitting atop a tower. A missile may not be so easy to guide at times. One may lose control of a missile. A rocket's behavior can be rather unpredictable to say the least.

I'll use Barton C. Hacker's ELEMENTS OF CONTROVERSY here, University of California Press, 1994. Hacker's excellent book is about the controversy surrounding weapon's testing. Hacker worked for Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Company. That company was a prime contractor to the Department of Energy Nevada Operations. Hacker was hired to write a history about nuclear weapons testing and in particular was asked to focus on the safety controversy. After Hacker left Reynods, he then went to Oregon State and continued to study the subject there. Hacker became the first official historian at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1992.

Chapter 8 of Hacker's book is entitled, ATMOSPHERIC TESTING CHALLENGED(Safety Issues and the Test Ban Movement 1956-1961). The material I am interested in presenting here is from the section, THE LAST PACIFIC TESTS.

DOMINIC was the name given to the 1962 testing program of which the previously referenced Polaris missile based Frigate Bird was one of the shots. By the time of DOMINIC, international public opinion had pressured the US to not test around Enewetak and Bikini. The Christmas Island area was selected as the testing area for DOMINIC. I had originally been under the impression the island was uninhabited. Then I read small settlements were there. In Hacker's book, it says Christmas Island was uninhabited at the time of the testing.

Hacker says that the "riskiest" of the DOMINIC tests were the ones referred to as "FISHBOWL" events. This involved the testing of what Hacker called "unreliable" rockets tipped with nuclear warheads.

A test called TIGER FISH took place on 2 May 1962. In this test, a Thor rocket was launched with a dummy warhead. A test called BLUEGILL was conducted 2 June 1962. This test was to be a so called "high altitude" nuclear burst. In this test the tracking system lost the rocket and so the missile was ordered to self destruct. So here one sees just one of the huge problems inherent in nuclear warhead bearing missile testing vs detonating a bomb sitting atop a tower in the Nevada desert. What do you do if you lose the thing, lose the nuke atop a runaway missile? What if you lose it and it DOESN'T self destruct on order? What if you shoot a live missile and it becomes unguided and incommunicado? How can one be sure a ROCKET IS UNDER CONTROL?

The next FISHBOWL test was called STARFISH. This one conducted on June 20th 1962. The rocket engine cut out one minute into the test, the failed missile was ordered to self destruct. So in the last publicly acknowledged Pacific Tests ever conducted with rockets bearing live nukes they were zero for two. Both the BLUEGILL and STARFISH tests were failures. One missile lost, another missile up and then after 60 seconds, without power. BOTH CARRYING LIVE NUKES!

The next of the DOMINIC live missile tests was STARFISH PRIME. This test was a success, finally..... 1.4 megatons worth of hot hydrogen was fused at 400 kilometers/250 miles up.

BLUEGILL PRIME, 26 July 1962, was an ugly one. The Thor rocket actually malfunctioned BEFORE liftoff and the range safety officer ordered the missile to self destruct before the thing even got off the ground. The missile's blowing up destroyed the warhead in its functional fusion device sense, and in so doing, RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL WAS SPRAYED ALL ABOUT THE LAUNCH COMPLEX.

BLUEGILL DOUBLE PRIME was also considered a failure. Hacker does not provide details. The final 4 FISHBOWL launches were successful. Again, Hacker does not provide details.


The so called FISHBOWL events of OPERATION DOMINIC were according to Hacker, "effects tests" exploring ballistic missile defense.

So there you have 'em Jay, our FISHBOWL tests, among the last of our live missile launchings in the Pacific. The testing, the failures, illustrate the inherent dangers in this. Live warheads being launched to where? Well, hopefully THERE, but something might go wrong.

The Partial Test Ban is reflective of public opinion, and if public opinion was OK with sending live nukes through space on a regular basis, we would of course openly do it. WE DID IT AND PROBABLY DO IT STILL ANYWAY, HOW ELSE DO YOU KNOW IF THE THINGS WORK? However, ONCE THE PARTIAL TEST BAN WAS IN PLACE, IT EFFECTIVELY ENDED OPEN/ACKNOWLEDGED MISSILE WITH NUKE TESTING BECAUSE A NUKE WITH A TRIGGER MIGHT DETONATE ACCIDENTALLY AND THEN VIOLATE THE TREATY, SPECTACULARLY SO, OR A NUKE WITHOUT A TRIGGER COULD BE LOST, OR A NUKE WITHOUT A TRIGGER MIGHT NEED TO BE DESTROYED, SPREADING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL INTO THE ATMOSPHERE WHERE IT CANNOT BE HIDDEN AND CAN BE HARMFUL.

So once there is a partial test ban treaty set in place, pressed into place by wary of PUBLIC CONCERN, testing doesn't stop of course, it has to go on. Look at all of the DANGEROUS DUDS in the FISHBOWL series.

We continue testing, the only way we can, by pretending that it is peaceful; MERCURY/GEMINI/APOLLO/SHUTTLE, sure they play a little patty-cake in space, but it is first and foremost about weapons, ICBMs, warheads, their function and role in the new world.
 
How do you know the tritium would be viable as an explosive......

Still no reasons as to why an actual warhead had to be flown rather than an instrument package?

What info can you get from a crashed warhead other than it suffered damage or ont?
You can't tell what was damaged when and how to any meaningful level if you have to dig it out of a field after it has hitthe ground.

How do you know the tritium would be viable as an explosive after reentry? A heat shield/barrier must protect the bomb as it reenters. How would you know that the device worked, the protection worked, without actually flying it through the atmosphere? A live missile, live tritium, only way to tell. AND! You would have to do it over and over and over again......
 
Why is it that you see me as a thief of Karel's work....

This is where you stole the idea. Your other thousands of words of useless text is just an obvious smokescreen.

And it didn't say "more or less". It said it was military.


Why is it that you see me as a thief of Karel's work matt......

Bart Sibrel said and says that the space race was about nukes/ICBMs. Sibrel anticipated Karel. Why is it matt that I stole Karel's ideas and not Sibrel's or not the ideas of 1,000,000 people that got into this before me and said Apollo was military? What makes Karel unique? There are thousands and thousands and thousands that said Apollo was military before me, before Karel. How is it exactly that I owe my views to Karel and not Bart S. Bart S. was doing this stuff long before Karel made his short film.
 
I am not saying that you are necessarily wrong JimBenArm.....

Hey, guess what? I served on the USS George Washington (SSBN 598). Everything you have just said is total BS. Complete nonsense. The only thing you're doing is showing how totally ignorant you are on this subject. When you actually serve on a US nuclear submarine, and earn your Dolphins, then you can try to tell me how these things worked. I was there. You were not. So for you to have the complete arrogance to try to correct me on this subject is not only laughable, but completely stupid.

You know what the first rule of holes is? When you find yourself in one, quit digging.

I am not saying that you are necessarily wrong JimBenArm, but despite your intimate history with that great boat, your view is quite at odds with everything published about her.

My preferred reference for this sort of thing has become George J. Refuto's EVOLUTION OF THE SEA-BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT(Xlibris Corp. 2011).

According to Refuto, the USS George Washington Ships Inertial Navigation System(SINS) was a Sark Draper SINS. Refuto writes that all boats of the George Washington Class, Ethan Allen Class and Lafayette Class were guided by a Stark Draper Instrumentation Lab SINS. Each sub carried three SINS, multiple SINS so that "errors could be cancelled".

All of the Polaris missiles aboard the George Washington utilized Stark Draper inertial guidance units.

Most would tell you JimBenArm, including the good Professor Stark Draper himself, that the ONLY way to align the inertial platforms on the subs, the SINS platform and the missile platforms is by way of sighting stars. Once you sight and set, assuming it is done accurately, you are good to go for a while, but you must be able to do that, AND DO IT FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE OCEAN.

What do you think about that JimBenArm?.......
 
1) The United States claims to be in possession of something like 841.7 lbs of moon rocks. Assuming the stones really are of lunar origin, it would seem quite unlikely that so much selenostuff could have been brought/carried to the earth robotically.

2) At this point in time, my understanding is that all of the rocks passed first through the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Assuming this to be true, all of the stones were first weighed in there, at that lab, before being passed to experts. Assuming that to be true, there are no "standards", other than those of the Lunar Receiving Lab itself that did the initial processing and analyzing against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin. The fact that "all experts agree" the stones are "real", whatever "real" might mean, may well be not all that meaningful/noteworthy. One the one hand, if the Lunar Receiving Lab proves reputable, no big deal. On the other, if the lab proves suspect, one has an angle to work with as regards demonstrating stone fraudulence. Keep in mind, demonstrating stone bogusness means showing that Armstrong and Aldrin did not bring the stones back in the case of Apollo 11 say. It does not mean proving the stones were not born of the moon.

So at what exact point did the US buy Finland?

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/167/3918/531.abstract
Peer reviewed paper published in January 1970.

Explain the significance of "zap pits".

Explain the technology required to fake "zap pits".

Explain how all geologists agree on the authenticity of the lunar material.
 
2) At this point in time, my understanding is that all of the rocks passed first through the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Assuming this to be true, all of the stones were first weighed in there, at that lab, before being passed to experts. Assuming that to be true, there are no "standards", other than those of the Lunar Receiving Lab itself that did the initial processing and analyzing against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin. The fact that "all experts agree" the stones are "real", whatever "real" might mean, may well be not all that meaningful/noteworthy. One the one hand, if the Lunar Receiving Lab proves reputable, no big deal. On the other, if the lab proves suspect, one has an angle to work with as regards demonstrating stone fraudulence. Keep in mind, demonstrating stone bogusness means showing that Armstrong and Aldrin did not bring the stones back in the case of Apollo 11 say. It does not mean proving the stones were not born of the moon.


Translation: "I have no idea what I'm talking about, so just out of habit, I'm going to narrow my focus to one specific place and time. Then I'm going to invent requirements for those people that they did not actually have; then I'm going to argue that they did not take the steps I made up. Then, I'm going to say that their refusal to do things they didn't really need to do was willful. Then I'm going to call some of the best geologists in the world frauds."

Patrick - do you have any evidence at all that the initial Lunar Receiving Lab analyzed the samples "against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin"?

Do you have any idea what scientists have learned regarding lunar rocks? Do you know how many geologists have been involved in testing lunar samples as NASA employees, as contract employees, and as independent scientists working in labs off NASA grounds and all around the word?

My guess is no.
 
It is hardly plagiarized matt, it has been one of my favorite references and I have used it, quoted it, and paraphrased it very openly since I discovered it months ago.


And yet you never provided a link to it because you knew the rest of the quote would undermine your claim.


Herrick says they needed better constants for ICBM targeting and says it very directly.


And then he goes on to say they have obtained better constants.


I say they obtained those constants by way of the American Manned Space Program.


Whereas every single study ever conducted about using space for geodesy says they used satellites in low Earth orbit.
 
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Why is it that you see me as a thief of Karel's work matt......

Bart Sibrel said and says that the space race was about nukes/ICBMs. Sibrel anticipated Karel.


So you admit stealing the idea. Thanks, but we already knew that.

Groucho Marx said, "I only steal from the best." Perhaps you should have heeded that advice instead of stealing from the stupidest. Or perhaps you think Sibrel is another unappreciated genius, like Rene or White. Bwahahaha!
 
Most would tell you JimBenArm, including the good Professor Stark Draper himself,


Citation needed.


that the ONLY way to align the inertial platforms on the subs, the SINS platform and the missile platforms is by way of sighting stars.


That's right. Just ignore everything I wrote about navigating submarines and operating INS. I only did it for 20 years.
 
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How do you know the tritium would be viable as an explosive after reentry?
If an instrument package replaces the usual warhead contents, then you will know the conditions inside the warhead, and can thus design the actual warhead to survive these conditions.

A heat shield/barrier must protect the bomb as it reenters. How would you know that the device worked, the protection worked, without actually flying it through the atmosphere?
By testing with an non-live warhead containing an instrument package so that the conditions are known ahead of time.

A live missile, live tritium, only way to tell. AND! You would have to do it over and over and over again......
Once the re-entry conditions are known from instrument packages, how would the live warhead experience different conditions, somehow?
What prevents engineers designing a live warhead for the conditions that have already been measured?

Why, exactly would it be necessary to do it over and over again?

You really are getting further and further out of your depth. Again.
 
1) The United States claims to be in possession of something like 841.7 lbs of moon rocks. Assuming the stones really are of lunar origin, it would seem quite unlikely that so much selenostuff could have been brought/carried to the earth robotically.

Which since they have been authenticated as of lunar origin kills your theory stone cold dead.

2) At this point in time, my understanding is that all of the rocks passed first through the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Assuming this to be true, all of the stones were first weighed in there, at that lab, before being passed to experts. Assuming that to be true, there are no "standards", other than those of the Lunar Receiving Lab itself that did the initial processing and analyzing against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin. The fact that "all experts agree" the stones are "real", whatever "real" might mean, may well be not all that meaningful/noteworthy.

And here we see the real problem is not the rocks but your failure to educate yourself on them even when other posters have painstakingly explained the properties of the rocks that not only prove that they are of lunar origin but that they could not be meteorites. Given the information that has been practically spoon-fed to you on this subject one has to assume that you are being wilfully ignorant because you simply can't face the fact the reality of how wrong all your claims have been.
 
I am not saying that you are necessarily wrong JimBenArm, but despite your intimate history with that great boat, your view is quite at odds with everything published about her.

My preferred reference for this sort of thing has become George J. Refuto's EVOLUTION OF THE SEA-BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT(Xlibris Corp. 2011).

According to Refuto, the USS George Washington Ships Inertial Navigation System(SINS) was a Sark Draper SINS. Refuto writes that all boats of the George Washington Class, Ethan Allen Class and Lafayette Class were guided by a Stark Draper Instrumentation Lab SINS. Each sub carried three SINS, multiple SINS so that "errors could be cancelled".

All of the Polaris missiles aboard the George Washington utilized Stark Draper inertial guidance units.

Most would tell you JimBenArm, including the good Professor Stark Draper himself, that the ONLY way to align the inertial platforms on the subs, the SINS platform and the missile platforms is by way of sighting stars. Once you sight and set, assuming it is done accurately, you are good to go for a while, but you must be able to do that, AND DO IT FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE OCEAN.

What do you think about that JimBenArm?.......
So, if we have to do star sightings from the middle of the ocean, why do we need SINS? The entire purpose of the SINS is to be able to navigate underwater without having to surface, broach, or anything else. Do you think we do star sightings from 600 feet? Huh? Just think about what you're saying, how it's totally at odds with my own personal experience, and that since you are completely and totally WRONG on this point it calls into question everything else you've plastered here.

A ballistic missile submarine that has to come to the surface to shoot stars isn't stealthy, and isn't any kind of deterrent.

Sheesh. Admit it. You're completely talking out your fundamental orifice, but are too arrogant to say "Oh, guess I'm wrong".
 
I am not saying that you are necessarily wrong JimBenArm, but despite your intimate history with that great boat, your view is quite at odds with everything published about her.
Citation needed.

My preferred reference for this sort of thing has become George J. Refuto's EVOLUTION OF THE SEA-BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT(Xlibris Corp. 2011).

And back to google books we go.
Please provide the content on page 206, or 210, or... well you get the picture.


According to Refuto, the USS George Washington Ships Inertial Navigation System(SINS) was a Sark Draper SINS. Refuto writes that all boats of the George Washington Class, Ethan Allen Class and Lafayette Class were guided by a Stark Draper Instrumentation Lab SINS. Each sub carried three SINS, multiple SINS so that "errors could be cancelled".

All of the Polaris missiles aboard the George Washington utilized Stark Draper inertial guidance units.
And your point?

If you read on you would also find that Refuto says:
1. As SINS is physically within the submarine with no external interfaces with either the open ocean of endoatmosphere, the system cannot be affected by adverse weather conditions.
Kinda blows your star malarkey out of the water, as it were.

Most would tell you JimBenArm, including the good Professor Stark Draper himself, that the ONLY way to align the inertial platforms on the subs, the SINS platform and the missile platforms is by way of sighting stars. Once you sight and set, assuming it is done accurately, you are good to go for a while, but you must be able to do that, AND DO IT FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE OCEAN.
Nope, wrong again, Patrick. It was done using polar orbital satellites, as you would know if you read a few pages further.

George Washington-, Ethan-Allen-, and Lafayette-class SSBNs were equipped with AN/BRN-3 satellite receivers, which enabled them to receive Transit satellite-based position fixes while submerged.
Bit hard to star gaze while submerged, eh, Patrick?

What do you think about that JimBenArm?.......
If I were JimBenArm, I would be deeply offended. And rightly so.

Your quoted source demolishes your own claims comprehensively.
 
1)

2) At this point in time, my understanding is that all of the rocks passed first through the Lunar Receiving Laboratory. Assuming this to be true, all of the stones were first weighed in there, at that lab, before being passed to experts. Assuming that to be true, there are no "standards", other than those of the Lunar Receiving Lab itself that did the initial processing and analyzing against which one might match and authenticate rocks of uncertain/possible lunar/possible non-lunar origin. The fact that "all experts agree" the stones are "real", whatever "real" might mean, may well be not all that meaningful/noteworthy. One the one hand, if the Lunar Receiving Lab proves reputable, no big deal. On the other, if the lab proves suspect, one has an angle to work with as regards demonstrating stone fraudulence. Keep in mind, demonstrating stone bogusness means showing that Armstrong and Aldrin did not bring the stones back in the case of Apollo 11 say. It does not mean proving the stones were not born of the moon.

You obviously don't know then about the lunar regolith returned by the Soviet Luna mission. Only a few grams of soil, but it did give scientists on both sides of the Iron Curtain something to compare.
 
So, if we have to do star sightings from the middle of the ocean, why do we need SINS? The entire purpose of the SINS is to be able to navigate underwater without having to surface, broach, or anything else. Do you think we do star sightings from 600 feet? Huh? Just think about what you're saying, how it's totally at odds with my own personal experience, and that since you are completely and totally WRONG on this point it calls into question everything else you've plastered here.

A ballistic missile submarine that has to come to the surface to shoot stars isn't stealthy, and isn't any kind of deterrent.

Sheesh. Admit it. You're completely talking out your fundamental orifice, but are too arrogant to say "Oh, guess I'm wrong".

A simple question for Patrick1000. Why when you have been told by professional navigators, amateur astronomers, and aerospace engineers that your ideas about celestial navigation are simply wrong do you continue to contradict their knowledge and experience given that you have none of your own to offer, just some cherry picked references from books you clearly haven't read? Why in short Patrick can you never just say; 'yeah I was wrong about that particular point'?
 
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