White Sands - Reply to Jocce
You have made an excellent abstract of the White Sands article Jocce (ie; here:
(...) I'll try my best to summarize the text and provide some questions/comments.
I like this format.
Unfortunately, you missed the key point of the whole article.
In the
results section of your analysis you wrote:
- The Holloman AF Base Data Reduction Unit analyzed the 27 April pictures and made a report, it was determined that sightings were made on two different objects and triangulation could not be effected.
This is wrong. You have mixed up April 27 with May 24. During May 24 they saw many objects and "expended " lots of film but didn't get a triangulation because the various cameras were (apparently) following different objects. However, the April 27 sighting did result in a triangulation:
From the cover letter (of containing a summary of the Data Reduction Report - that was sent to Lt. John Albert – and was thus probably written by him):
“3. The Holloman AF Base Data Reduction Unit analyzed the 27 April pictures and made a report, a copy of which I am enclosing with the film for your information. It was believed that triangulation could be effected from pictures taken on 24 May because pictures were taken from two stations. The films were rapidly processed and examined by Data Reduction. However, it was determined that sightings were made on two different objects and triangulation could not be effected. A report from Data Reduction and the films from the sighting are enclosed.”
(from the second page of the letter containing a summary of the Data Reduction report)
“Objects observed following MX776A test of 27 April 1950"
(…)
2. Film from station P10 was read, resulting in azimuth and elevation angles being recorded on four objects. In addition, size of image on film was recorded.
3. From this information, together with a single azimuth angle from station M7, the following conclusions were drawn:
a). The objects were at an altitude of approximately 150,000 ft.
b). The objects were over the Holloman range between the base and Tularosa Peak.
c). The objects were approximately 30 feet in diameter.
d). The objects were traveling at an undeterminable, yet high speed.”
You may not realize it, but azimuth and elevation angles from one location combined with an azimuth angle from another location are sufficient to accomplish a triangulation.
To understand this, imagine that the azimuth angles from two locations are measured. Of course the baseline azimuth between cameras and the distance between cameras is known. From each camera location, as plotted on a map, imagine extending a line along the measured azimuth direction. The lines from the two cameras meet at a ground-level intersection point. This point is directly below the objects. Now imagine extending a line upward from the intersection point. One of the cameras also has measured the elevation angle from its location. Imagine drawing a "slanted" line upward from that camera location. Eventually the slanted line from that camera location will intersect the vertical line from the ground-level intersection point thereby forming a right triangle. The altitude of this upper intersection point is the altitude of the objects. Of course, the "mathematical reduction unit" knew this calculation was possible, conducted it, and reported the results of the triangulation (30 ft diameter, 150,000 ft, etc.)
You also question why Dr. Maccabee’s article questions the establishment of a lookout post at Vaughn, NM.
This is a strange question to me because there is no mention of an observation post in Vaughn at all in the text. The data was collected from an observation post at Holloman where many observations had been made before the research program.
Actually in Dr. Maccabee's White Sands article there is a brief discussion of the Vaughn lookout post:
“According to Dr. Elterman, before Twinkle began there had been “an abnormal number of reports” from Vaughn, New Mexico, so it was decided to place a lookout post there. Why this place was chosen is a mystery to me. It is about 120 air miles from Los Alamos, about 90 from Sandia Base and nearly 150 from Alamogordo/Holloman AFB. I have listed above the sighting statistics for the various New Mexico areas, being careful to list the sightings around Vaughn separately. Note that Vaughn had only 1 sighting in the whole previous year. So why did they “waste” a lookout post at Vaughn? Why didn’t they put one at Los Alamos or at White Sands?”
The complete Twinkle report is at (
http://www.project1947.com/gfb/twinklereport.htm)
Lt.C. Doyle Rees is mentioned in the article. Info about him can be found at
(
http://www.project1947.com/shg/sohp/reesintro.html)
Finally, IXP quotes the documents - but failed to notice that the
date on the page that reports the triangulation is
April 27.
He then writes:
This is contradictory. First it is stated that the observations from different stations were of different objects so triangulation could not be done. Then it goes on to give information about altitude and size from the triangulation done from observations at two different stations. Most likely explanation: The triangulation was done, but later it was determined that the observations used were of different objects and the triangulation was invalid. Which supports the conclusion that no information was gained.
Of course the triangulation on
April 27 is the important result here - and that suggests there was very GOOD information gained. That is, the White Sands sightings and the information together constitute a scientific PROOF.