A-Train. The fighters wouldn't lauch without an identified target. They couldn't find AA11. FAA could, military couldn't. They had too much ground clutter. The perceived threat for the military was from over water, where there isn't much ground clutter.
These rationales are laughable. I can't believe anyone even invokes them anymore. Why does the military need to find the target? If the FAA has the target, that's all the fighter needs.
It's simple, the fighter heads in the direction of the suspect craft-- which in this case was provided to NEADS by Boston Center-- and checks on to the Center frequency, from where the FAA controller vectors the fighter to intercept the suspect craft.
Air traffic controllers are trained to provide vectors to fighters to intercept. Fighter pilots are accustomed to talking to civilian ATC. They do it every day. F-16s and other fighters fly through civilian airspace every day.
I'd like to hear Cheap Shot's opinion on the idea that fighters can't be launched unless the military has identified the target.
ref, it sounds like you're just repeating stuff without having any understanding of what goes on in the real world.