Here is the timeline with abbreviated descriptions and key quotes/events.
According to Blanco, she speaks with President Bush on the afternoon of the 29th, informing him that she would need every resource possible from the federal government. She recalls telling him, "We need your help. We need everything you've got." There is no indication that there was ever any greater specificity in the request than this vague statement.
Tuesday, August 30: Governor Blanco asks General Landreneau, Adjutant General of the Louisiana National Guard, to request federal military assistance (p. 508) Blanco’s concern was evacuation.
Tuesday, August 30: General Landreneau speaks to General Honoré and to General Steven Blum, Chief of the National Guard Bureau
According to General Landreneau, he quickly relayed Governor Blanco’s request for military troops to General Steven Blum, Chief of the National Guard Bureau, and then to General Honoré, who later that day was appointed Commander of Joint Task Force Katrina, consisting of all the active-duty military forces in the Gulf Coast region responding to Katrina. Both General Honoré and General Blum, however, stated that General Landreneau first asked them for troops on Wednesday, August 31.
Although the Governor’s timeline indicates that she spoke with General Landreneau regarding the need for troops following her afternoon visit to the Superdome, General Landreneau stated that in a telephone conversation with General Honoré on Tuesday morning he “conveyed the Governor’s desire for federal troops, in particular an Army division headquarters to plan, coordinate, and execute the evacuation of New Orleans.” General Landreneau stated that on that same day he asked General Blum to help obtain thousands of National Guard troops for relief efforts in Louisiana.
General Honoré recalled that he first spoke with General Landreneau sometime Tuesday evening. Although General Landreneau mentioned the need to evacuate the Superdome, his main concern was the search and rescue efforts, which required helicopters, not ground troops. According to General Honoré, General Landreneau said he had already spoken to General Blum, who had assured him that “a lot of ground capacity was on the way.” General Honoré stated that General Landreneau did not make any “particular request” for a large deployment of federal active-duty troops.
Although General Blum recalled that he spoke with General Landreneau on Tuesday evening, he was unable to recall whether General Landreneau made a specific request for troops at that time.
(p. 509)
Early hours, Wednesday, August 31: Louisiana National Guard Officers discuss with General Landreneau the need for more troops
Colonel Dabadie similarly remembered that General Landreneau agreed with the need for an active “division headquarters” unit – meaning a team of one or two dozen active duty personnel with expertise in planning, command, and logistics – for coordination and execution of evacuation.
7:21 a.m., Wednesday, August 31: General Landreneau asks the National Guard Bureau to expedite the deployment process for National Guard troops from other states
The process that began Wednesday morning resulted in the deployment of over 30,000 National Guard troops within approximately 96 hours. Partially as a result of their rapid deployment, however, most of the National Guard troops dispatched to Louisiana through this process did not know what their mission would be or where it would be performed until they arrived in Louisiana. The deployment process was “P for plenty,” according to General Vaughn. “There was not a lot of preciseness.”
9:30 a.m., Wednesday, August 31: General Honoré meets with General Landreneau and General Jones at the Superdome
General Honoré informed General Landreneau about some of the military assets that were en route, including U.S. Navy ships, but there was no discussion of ground troops at this meeting.
Morning, Wednesday, August 31: Governor Blanco calls the White House to ask for “significant resources” Again, note the total lack of specificity.
12:43 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: U.S. Senator David Vitter of Louisiana informs Terry Ryder, Executive Counsel to Governor Blanco, of a conversation with Karl Rove, White House Deputy Chief of Staff , regarding Rove’s comments on “federalization”
2:30 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: Governor Blanco tells President Bush she does not want “federalization”
Mid-afternoon, Wednesday, August 31: FEMA officials consider federalization
Mid-afternoon, Wednesday, August 31: Governor Blanco tells FEMA Director Brown and Louisiana Federal Coordinating Officer Lokey she does not want federalization
Blanco money quote “What’s this about you taking over my disaster?” she asked Lokey.
“Let me remind you the state is still sovereign,” a member of the Governor’s staff told Lokey and Brown.
6 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: Governor Blanco asks General Honoré to coordinate the evacuation of New Orleans.
In the midst of this discussion, General Graham, Deputy Commander of Fifth U.S. Army, arrived at the EOC, aft er driving seven hours from his headquarters in San Antonio, TX. General Graham brought with him 24 other personnel from Fifth Army headquarters for the purpose of providing support to the DCO in Baton Rouge. Shortly after General Graham joined the discussion about the state’s priorities, General Honoré turned to him and said, “Mark, evacuate the City of New Orleans and the Greater New Orleans area.” “Yes, sir,” General Graham replied.
Again, the principal participants in these conversations expressed differing perceptions and expectations as to the numbers and types of military troops that would be following. Governor Blanco and General Landreneau appear to have been under the impression that General Honoré would use a large number of federal troops to conduct the evacuation; General Honoré believed large numbers of additional active-duty troops were not needed for this mission. At the very least, the persistence of these differing expectations and perceptions amongst these principals appears to indicate a failure in communication among the principals and among the various organizations they represented.
According to the Governor’s timeline, the Governor asked General Honoré “if he brought a large number of soldiers, and learns that he arrived with only a small support staff . The evacuation must be conducted by National Guard troops, as the federal contingent has not arrived.”
General Landreneau told the Committee, “The Governor was very clear that she needed troops on the ground, that she needed a federal assistance. … She said she needed – she was using the number 40,000 and she was saying she needed soldiers, she needed boots on the ground.” General Landreneau added, however, that the Governor never specified which type of troops she was seeking. “I don’t recall her ever defining or differentiating between active or National Guard. She wanted the help.”
General Landreneau recalled General Honoré “stating that he was aware that the National Guard EMAC forces were going to be flowing into the state.” “I don’t recall the Governor ever saying that’s not good enough,” General Landreneau stated.
Similarly, General Honoré did not recall the Governor’s making any specific request for more federal ground troops. Nor did General Honoré believe additional federal ground troops were necessary to meet the state’s priorities. “The National Guard was flowing a lot of troops in there. And at the point in time, the priority mission was search and rescue.”
General Honoré believed that for the search-and-rescue mission he needed “thousands of helicopters, not troops,” and that for the Superdome evacuation mission he needed buses.
Based on this assessment of the resources needed to accomplish these missions, General Honoré did not request additional federal ground troops.
Likewise, General Graham did not believe he needed additional troops.
6:05 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: General Richard Rowe, NORTHCOM, informs General Honoré that Governor Blanco is asking for federal active duty troops
6:23 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: General Honoré’s staff informs General Rowe there are enough National Guard troops
8:40 p.m., Wednesday, August 31: DOD puts ground troops on alert
Thursday, September 1: President Bush meets with Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld and General Blum to discuss the military response
11:46 a.m., Thursday, September 1: General Honoré tells General Rowe National Guard troops are sufficient
1:46 p.m., Th ursday, September 1: General Honoré urges Marines to “GET HERE AS FAST AS YOU CAN”
General Honoré explained to the Committee that he desired the capability that the Marines were bringing which included search-and-rescue helicopters, airspace command and control, and ground troops to assist with search and rescue and delivery of food and water.
1:50 p.m., Thursday, September 1: General Rowe tells General Honoré the official DOD guidance is to use National Guard forces to the fullest extent possible
3:30 p.m., Thursday, September 1: Governor Blanco meets with General Honoré
The Governor’s timeline does not mention this meeting; General Honoré does not recall any request for federal troops at this meeting.
7:45 p.m., Thursday, September 1: Rear Admiral Robert F. Duncan, U.S. Coast Guard, urges Governor Blanco to federalize the response
9:20 p.m., Thursday, September 1: General Blum urges Governor Blanco not to federalize the response
Early mid-morning, Friday, September 2: Department of Defense officials discuss how to obtain greater federal control over the response in Louisiana
Late morning, Friday, September 2: President Bush and Governor Blanco discuss the deployment of federal troops
Aboard Air Force One, late Friday morning, September 2: Mayor Nagin recommends the federal government assume control
Aboard Air Force One, late Friday morning, September 2: Governor Blanco asks President Bush for more troops and rejects federalization
Late afternoon, Friday, September 2: Pentagon officials continue to discuss options for assuming greater command of the response.
11:32 p.m., Friday, September 2: White House faxes “dual-hat” proposal to Governor Blanco
8:56 a.m., Saturday, September 3: Governor Blanco telephones White House Chief of Staff Card to reject the dual-hat proposal
11 a.m., Saturday, September 3: The President announces the deployment of 7,200 active-duty forces from the 82nd Airborne, 1st Cavalry, and II Marine Expeditionary Force
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