I guess a follow up question would be, how much of it has been explained? or should I even attempt to ask that question?
There's a huge amount of understanding about the workings of the brain, and how to suppress conscious function. However,
how the brain produces consciousness remains no better understood than fifty or a hundred years ago.
That consciousness has not been, and possibly
cannot be precisely defined is part of the problem, of course. That's why one popular solution is to define something else, call it consciousness, and claim that it's understood.
Computers are, depending on the proponent, either potentially capable of being conscious, or on the verge of being conscious, or have always been a little bit conscious. The evidence for this is ephemeral, to say the least.
There will almost certainly be posts saying either that consciousness is fully understood and that there's no particular problem. There will also be posts insisting that because consciousness cannot be properly defined, we can't claim that it isn't understood. And some people will get quite upset about consciousness, as it's existence seems to impinge on their beliefs.