Some have asked me who were the 9 non-biblical writers who make reference to occurrences in the NT, including Christ.
Here are 11 non-biblical sources that directly or by inference give historical evidence of the existence of Jesus within 150 years of his life.
Roman historian - Tacitus
Chief secretary to Emperor Hadrian - Suetonius
Jewish historian under Emperor Vespasian - Flavius Josephus
Thallus
Roman author and administrator - Pliny the Younger
Emperor Trajan
Emperor Hadrian
The Talmud
Lucian
Mara Bar-Serapion
Phlegon
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. . . (major snip) . . .
Regarding Tacitus: All he said was that the Christians followed Christ who was put to death for sedition by Pontius Pilate.
Regarding Suetonius: He refers, in
The Twelve Caesars, to Claudius expelling the Jews from Rome because of violent disputes among them instigated by "Chrestus." This
may refer to Christ, in that the chaos resulted from disputes between jews and Christians or may not. It's a highly dubious source.
All that Josephus says (since the so called
Testamentum Flavianum is an outright forgery) is that James, the brother of Jesus, "who was called the Christ," was put to death by the order of Annus. The phrase, "who was called the Christ," is disputed. If it turns out to be genuine, then all we have from Josephus is that Jesus was a messianic pretender. By the way, Josephus refers to about eight different people called "Jesus" i.e.
Yeshua, which means, "Yahweh is salvation," not that unusual a name among people who worshipped Yahweh.
As far as I know, Pliny the Younger only made reference to Christians, not to Jesus.
Likewise, Lucian of Somasta, in
The Golden Ass, only spoke of Christians, not of Jesus.
The Talmud's account of Jesus - written, I think,
ca. 400 years after his death, refers to him as a magician, a fool and a fraud, and says his mother was a hair dresser.
As to the other sources, I'll need a citation. I don't know that either Hadrian or Trajan referred to Jesus, though they might have referred to Christians.