By SUSAN TAYLOR MARTIN, Times Senior Correspondent
Who killed 10-year-old Norhan Deeb? Was it an Israeli soldier shooting from an outpost near the girl's school in the Gaza Strip? Or was it a Palestinian firing into the air to celebrate a joyous occasion?
Israelis and Palestinians blame each other, leaving only two things certain about Norhan's recent death: She was standing in the courtyard of a U.N.-run school when a bullet hit her in the face. And she was yet another casualty of a conflict in which truth and trust have often proved as elusive as peace.
The story quoted U.N. spokesman Johan Eriksson as saying that U.N. officials couldn't definitively identify the source of the gunfire, but all signs pointed to the Israeli troops. But the circumstances grew murkier over the next few days when at least three Israeli news organizations reported a Palestinian had been arrested.
The Associated Press tried to confirm the accounts, but said in a subsequent story that "officials from all the (Palestinian) security services in Gaza denied the reports."
Yael Hartmann, a spokeswoman for the Israel Defense Forces, said the IDF never received any information that a Palestinian had been arrested. However, she added, the army is convinced Norhan's death was caused by Palestinian gunfire.
"There is no possible way it could have come from a bullet of ours," Hartmann told the Times.
The nearest Israeli outpost to the school is 900 meters away (some 2,950 feet) but the maximum range of bullets used in the soldiers' M-16 rifles is 350 meters, Hartmann said.
Hartmann said the Palestinian Authority did not respond to an IDF request to help investigate Norhan's death.
In the absence of a thorough investigation, the question of who shot Norhan Deeb likely will remain a mystery. And that might suit both sides, says Hoffman, the professor at Purdue.
"In so many minds, young kids symbolize innocence, and some little girl lining up in a schoolyard - it's a great way for Palestinians to paint Israelis as barbarians, and a great way for Israel to try to paint Palestinians as barbarians who kill their own. It's great political theater, but it's grotesque."