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Biblical Plagiarism

OhMan

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I have been attempting to collate a list of similarities between stories of the Bible pre-existing stories from other religions (that is, written before the Bible was known to be written). I was wondering if anyone can comment on the veracity of my collation, and/or add to it. I have collected all these over various websites from various places, so I can't be 100% of their accuracy.

Right now I have quantity over quality, though I desire it the other way round. Even just 5 good examples would be enough for me to make my case. These examples would have to A. predate the bible B. biblical authors would have had access to them.

I'm also looking for online sources I can use so I can manually view these similarities myself.

Thanks:

COMMANDMENTS
Egyptian Book of the Dead (circa 1800BCE) vs. Ten Commandments (1491 BCE):
Book of the Dead: "I have done away sin for thee and not acted fraudulently or deceitfully. I have not belittled God. I have not inflicted pain or caused another to weep. I have not murdered or given such an order. I have not used false balances or scales. I have not purloined (held back) the offerings to the gods. I have not stolen. I have not uttered lies or curses."

Exodus 20:7-16: "Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain....Thou shalt not kill. Thou shalt not commit adultery...Thou shalt not bear false witness against they neighbor..."


FLOOD
Genesis Deluge vs Epic of Gilgamesh
The Genesis story describes how mankind had become obnoxious to God; they were hopelessly sinful and wicked. In the Babylonian story, they were too numerous and noisy.
The Gods (or God) decided to send a worldwide flood. This would drown men, women, children, babies and infants, as well as eliminate all of the land animals and birds.
The Gods (or God) knew of one righteous man, Ut-Napishtim or Noah.
The Gods (or God) ordered the hero to build a multi-story wooden ark (called a chest or box in the original Hebrew).
The ark would be sealed with pitch.
The ark would have with many internal compartments
It would have a single door
It would have at least one window.
The ark was built and loaded with the hero, a few other humans, and samples from all species of other land animals.
A great rain covered the land with water.
The mountains were initially covered with water.
The ark landed on a mountain in the Middle East.
The hero sent out birds at regular intervals to find if any dry land was in the vicinity.
The first two birds returned to the ark. The third bird apparently found dry land because it did not return.
The hero and his family left the ark, ritually killed an animal, offered it as a sacrifice.
God (or the Gods in the Epic of Gilgamesh) smelled the roasted meat of the sacrifice.
The hero was blessed.
The Babylonian gods seemed genuinely sorry for the genocide that they had created. The God of Noah appears to have regretted his actions as well, because he promised never to do it again.


JESUS VS OTHER RELIGIOUS FIGURES

HORUS
Jesus performed the miracle of turning five loaves of bread in one case and seven in another to feed the many multitudes of people. This ties in with Horus who makes seven loaves of bread for Osiris to live by.
Yashua is in the desert and being tempted by the Devil, who said to him, “If he was the son of God, turn a stone into bread.” The stone of the desert is symbolic of Set.
As the child Horus comes to the Earth, then enters matter or becomes flesh. He is born as the word of his father who becomes Seb, who consort is Nu whose other name is Meri. Which is the same as Jesus coming down to Earth as the word of God in the flesh having and adopted father of Joseph (Seb) and Mary his mother.
Jesus said “I and the father are one. He that seeth me, seeth him that sent me.” Horus is the father seen in the son.
Jesus claims to be the son in whom the father is revealed. Horus was the light of the world. The light that is represented by the symbolic eye. The son of salvation.
Yashua is called the ‘Good Sheperd’ with the lamb or kid on his shoulder. Horus was the good shepherd who carries the crook upon his shoulder.
Jesus is called the Lamb of God, the bread of life, the truth and the light. Horus is called the Lamb of God, the bread of life, the truth and the light.
Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist. Horus was baptized by Anupp the Baptizer.
Jesus was born in Bethlehem, the ‘House of Bread’. Horus was born in Annu, the ‘Place of Bread.’
Jesus the Christ. Horus the Krist.
The star in the east that indicated the birthplace of Jesus. The star, as announcer of the child Horus.
The blind man given sight by Jesus. The blind mummy made to see by Horus.
Jesus walking on water. Horus walking on water.

MORE HORUS
1. Horus born of a virgin. <> Jesus born of a virgin.
2. The foster father of Horus was Seb or Seph. <> Jesus was fostered by Joseph.
3. Horus was of royal descent. <> Jesus was of royal descent.
4. Horus birth accompanied by three solar deities [star gazers] who followed by the morning star of Sirius bearing gifts. <> Jesus birth accompanied by three wise men [Zoroastrian star gazers] who followed by a star “in the east” bearing gifts.
5. The birth of Horus announced by angels. <> The birth of Jesus announced by angels.
6. Herut tried to murder the infant Horus. <> Herod slaughtered every first born in an attempt to kill Jesus the forthcoming messiah.
7. Horus is baptized at age 30 by Anup the Baptiser at a river. <> Jesus is baptized at age 30 by John the Baptist at a river.
8. Horus resists temptation by the evil Sut [Sut was to be the precursor for the Hebrew Satan] on a high mountain. <> Jesus resists temptation by Satan on a high mountain.
9. Horus had 12 followers. <> Jesus had 12 disciples.
10. Horus performed miracles like healing the sick and walking on water. <> Jesus performed miracles like healing the sick and walking on water.

EVEN MORE HORUS (Sorry for overlap)
1. Born of a virgin
2. Born in a cave/manger
3. Birth announced by a star in the East
4. Birth attended by three wise men
5. Was a child teacher in the temple at age 12
6. Baptized by "Anup the Baptizer"
7. Baptizer was decapitated
8. Had 12 disciples
9. Performed miracles, exorcised demons and raised the dead
10. Walked on water
11. His personal epithet was “Iusa,” the “ever-becoming
son” of “Ptah,” the “Father.” He was thus called “Holy Child.”
12. Delivered a “Sermon on the Mount” and his followers
recounted the “Sayings of Iusa.”
13. Was transfigured on the Mount.
14. Was crucified
15. Was buried for three days in a tomb
16. Was resurrected
17. He was also the “Way, the Truth, the Light,” “Messiah,”
“God’s Anointed Son,” “the “Son of Man,” the “Good
Shepherd,” the “Lamb of God,” the “Word made flesh,”
the “Word of Truth.”
18. Was “the Fisher”, was associated with the Fish, Lamb
and Lion.
19. Came to fulfill the law
20. Called "The KRST" or "anointed one"
21. Was supposed to reign a thousand years. Krishna
1. Born of a virgin
2. Earthly father was a carpenter
3. Earthly father was off paying taxes when he was born.
4. Birth was signalled by a star in the east
5. Birth attended by angels and shepherds, who brought gifts
6. Was persecuted by a tyrant who ordered the slaughter of
thousands of infants
7. Anointed on head with oil by a woman who he healed.
8. Depicted as having his foot on the head of a serpent
9. Worked miracles, raised the dead, healed
lepers, the deaf and the blind
10. Used parables to teach people about charity and love
11. "Lived poor and loved the poor"
12. Castigated the clergy, charging them with "ambition and
hypocrisy"
13. his "beloved disciple" was Arjuina or Ar-jouan (Jouhn).
14. Was transfigured in front of his disciples
15. Gave his disciples the ability to work miracles
16. his path was "strewn with branches"
17. Died on a tree or was crucified between two thieves
18. Killed around the age of 30
19. Sun darkened at his death
20. Rose from the dead
21. Ascended to heaven "in the sight of all men"
22. Depicted on a cross with nail-holes in his feet
23. Called "Shepherd of God", "Redeemer", "First-born",
"Sin-bearer", "Liberator", "Universal Word", "Son of
God", "Our Lord and Savior"
24. Was second person a three-in-one trinity
25. Disciples bestowed upon him the title "Jezeus" or
"Jeseus", meaning "pure essence"
26. Will return to judge the dead, riding on a white horse,
to do battle with the "prince of evil" who will desolate the earth



BUDDHA
1. Born of a virgin
2. Crushed a serpent's head
3. Had 12 disciples
4. Performed miracles and wonders, healed the sick, fed 500
men from a "small basket of cakes" and walked on water
5. Abolished idolatry
6. Was a "sower of the word"
7. Preached "the establishment of a kingdom of righteousness"
8. Taught chastity, temperance, tolerance, compassion, love,
and the equality of all
9. Transfigured on a mount
10. Crucified in a sin-atonement
11. Suffered for three days in hell
12. Was bodily resurrected.
13. Was considered the "Good Shepherd", "Carpenter",
"Infinite and Everlasting", "Savior of the World", and "Light
of the World"
14. Ascended to Nirvana or "heaven".



MITHRA
1. Born of a virgin
2. Born in a cave
3. Birth attended by shepherds bearing gifts
4. Was considered a great traveling teacher and master
5. Had 12 companions or disciples
6. Followers were promised immortality
7. Performed miracles
8. As the "great bull of the Sun", sacrificed himself for world
peace
9. Buried in a tomb
10. After three days, was resurrected
11. Resurrection was celebrated every year
12. Called "the Good Shepherd", "Way, the Truth and the
Light", "Logos", "Redeemer", "Savior" and "Messiah".
13. Identified with both the lamb and the lion
14. Sacred day was Sunday, the "Lord's Day", hundreds of
years before the appearance of Christ.
15. Had his principal festival on what was later to become
Easter.
16. His religion had a eucharist or "Lord's Supper" at which
Mithra said, "He who shall not eat of my body nor drink my
blood so that he may be one with me and I with him, shall
not be saved."
17. His annual sacrifice is the Passover of the Magi, a symbolic
atonement of pledge of moral and physical regeneration.



DIONYSUS
1. Born of a virgin
2. Placed in a manger
3. Was a traveling teacher who performed miracles
4. Rode in a triumphal procession on an ass
5. was a sacred king killed and eaten in an eucharistic
ritual for fecundity and purification.
6. Rose from the dead
7. Was God of the vine, and turned water into wine
8. Was called "King of Kings" and "God of Gods"
9. was considered the “Only Begotten Son,” "Savior,”
“Redeemer,” “Sin Bearer,” Anointed One,” and the “Alpha
and Omega.”
10. Identified with ram or lamb
11. Was crucified



Zoroaster/Zarathustra
1. Born of a virgin and "immaculate conception by a ray of
divine reason."
2. Baptized in a river
3. In his youth, astounded wise men with his wisdom
4. Was tempted in the wilderness by the devil
5. Began his ministry at age 30.
6. Baptized with water, fire and "holy wind"
7. Cast out demons and restored sight to a blind man.
8. Taught about heaven and hell and revealed mysteries,
including resurrection, judgment, salvation and apocolypse.
9. Had a sacred cup or grail
10. Was slain
11. Religion had a eucharist
12. was "word made flesh"
13. Followers expected a "second coming" in a virgin-born
savior, who will begin his ministry at age 30, ushering in a
golden age.


ATTIS
1. Attis was born on December 25th of the Virgin Nana.
2. He was considered the savior who was slain for the salvation
of mankind.
3. His body as bread was eaten by his worshippers.
4. His priests were "eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven."
5. He was both the Divine Son and the Father.
6. On "Black Friday," he was crucified on a tree, from which his
holy blood ran down to redeem the earth.
7. He descended into the underworld.
8. After three days, Attis was resurrected on March 25th (as
tradition held of Jesus) as the "Most High God."
9. It is recorded that Attis was represented as a "a man tied to
a tree, at the foot of which was a lamb, and, without doubt also
as a man nailed to a tree..."
10. Itis reported that on March 22nd, a pine tree was felled
and "an effigy of the god was affixed to it, thus being slain and
hung on a tree..." Later the priests are supposed to have found
Attis' grave empty.


SUMMARY
And lastly, Christians contend all of the following pre-Christian sun-gods are mythological: Hercules, Osiris, Bacchus, Mithra, Hermes, Prometheus, Perseus, and Horus. Yet, all: (1) allegedly had gods for fathers and virgins for mothers; (2) had their births announced by stars and celestial music; (3) were born on the 25th of December (Solstice); (4) had tyrants trying to kill them when they were infants; (5) met with violent deaths; and (6) rose from the dead.

Thanks in advance for the help,
OhMan.
 
Regarding the flood story, it goes back a long time before Utnapishtim in the Epic of Gilgamesh. The Akkadian flood hero, consderably antedating Gilgamesh was Atrahasis (meaning "exceedingly wise;" his epic bears his name). However, he was not the first flood hero of near eastern literature. The Sumerian flood hero was Zuisudra.

As to the parallels with Jesus. These certainly did exist, but probably not to the degree you have listed. Beware of being too ready to accept any parallel as valid. Just as evangelical Christians have an agenda when they assert the Bible stories are unique, so also do some people who wish to discredit Christianity. The list you gave sounds as though it came from Dorothy Murdock a.k.a. Acharya S. Just one example that is suspect is the detail of Dionysos being placed in a manger. I've read a good deal about Dionysos, but I never came across this. However, below is an excerpt from the early Christian writer, Justin Martyr's First Apology, addressed to Emperor Antoninus Pius:

CHAP. XXI.--ANALOGIES TO THE HISTORY OF CHRIST.
And when we say also that the Word, who is the first-birth of God, was produced without sexual union, and that He, Jesus Christ, our Teacher, was crucified and died, and rose again, and ascended into heaven, we propound nothing different from what you believe regarding those whom you esteem sons of Jupiter. For you know how many sons your esteemed writers ascribed to Jupiter: Mercury, the interpreting word and teacher of all; Aesculapius, who, though he was a great physician, was struck by a thunderbolt, and so ascended to heaven; and Bacchus too, after he had been torn limb from limb; and Hercules, when he had committed himself to the flames to escape his toils; and the sons of Leda, and Dioscuri; and Perseus, son of Danae; and Bellerophon, who, though sprung from mortals, rose to heaven on the horse Pegasus. For what shall I say of Ariadne, and those who, like her, have been declared to be set among the stars? And what of the emperors who die among yourselves, whom you deem worthy of deification, and in whose behalf you produce some one who swears he has seen the burning Caesar rise to heaven from the funeral pyre?

Justin Martyr ascribed the earlier appearance of Christian motifs in already existing religions to the work of demons, who, having knowledge of what God intended to do planted counterfeit versions these events before they happened in the life of Christ as a way to undermine the truth.

As to characterizing the Bible's use of already existing motifs as plagiarism, this might work when dealing with fundamentalists who are claiming the Bible is unique. However, it might be unnecessarily insulting otherwise. We don't characterize Greek mythology as plagiarism. However, much of, it, like the Bible, is derived from earlier cultures. For example, the myth of Kronos (Saturn) castrating his father Ouranos (Uranus), then being overthrown by his son, Zeus (Jupiter), was derived from the Hurrian myth of Kumarbi castrating his father Anu, then being overthrown by his son Teshub, the storm god. This Hurrian story was probably communicated to Bonze Age Achaean Greeks via the Hittites.
 
I don't believe that these lists I occasionally see of traits Jesus had in common with other mythical figures are accurate. For one thing, they don't all include the same features, which should be simple if they were accurate. And sometimes they include stuff that I know isn't real, which doesn't inspire much trust that other things I've never heard of anywhere else are. For example, if either Jesus or Buddha ever had a story about killing a snake by crushing its head, I've never seen it before, not even the last time I saw such a Jesus-Buddha comparison list. So it would seem, at best, to be a minor, obscure thing in some forgotten corner of some forgotten text, not really a part of the basic nature of the character... and that's if such stories actually exist about either of them at all, which I'm not buying. With Hercules, there's such an incident when he's a toddler, but that's a more well known and important identifying event in his story, and the subject of some art work about him, demonstrating an example of some of his defining traits. And how could Buddha's story include spending three days in a place that Buddhism doesn't even say exists?

OhMan said:
And lastly, Christians contend all of the following pre-Christian sun-gods are mythological: Hercules, Osiris, Bacchus, Mithra, Hermes, Prometheus, Perseus, and Horus. Yet, all: (1) allegedly had gods for fathers and virgins for mothers; (2) had their births announced by stars and celestial music; (3) were born on the 25th of December (Solstice); (4) had tyrants trying to kill them when they were infants; (5) met with violent deaths; and (6) rose from the dead.
Click to expand...
I don't know about some of the others, but this list of traits/events is definitely not right for the Greek characters. Hercules and Perseus were half-god, but I've never heard either of their mothers described as virgins before, and Prometheus was entirely a god. I've never seen #2 or #3 said about any of them and know of no reason why either would be the case since it's not relevant to their stories. #4 and #5 are impossible for Prometheus because Greek gods can't die. Perseus did not die and get revived; he traveled, in full health, to the land of the dead and back. And Hercules was about to die but was then granted immortality. Also, although Prometheus was a fairly jesusish character (peacefully doing good for humanity, doing nobody any harm, and suffering for it), Perseus was just an action hero, and Hercules was the exact opposite of the kind of person Christians would want compared to Jesus, so any apparent similarities must be coincidental; people don't use imagery that doesn't fit in with or even contradicts the kind of image they're trying to create.
 
http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/biblianazar/esp_biblianazar_16.htm


There's a list about 2/3rds of the way down.

Each of those people have, at one point, been christened as the Messiah (no pun intended)

I don't know which ones came before or after Jesus..well..I know some came before and some after (Like Mohammed came after and Zoroaster came before.)

So..uh..I guess you're gonna have to look up who came before and then, if you want, research the commonalities between them and Jesus.

Also, do you have a website where we can keep track of your work? I, for one, think it is quite intresting to make a "definitive compilation" of Biliblical Plagiarism.
 
Another problem is religious syncretism. Though the worship of Krishna easily antedates the worship of Christ, there's an epic about the life of Krishna (I forget its name) written after the third century, when Christian missionaries had visited India, in which Krishna's nativity is the same as the Christian nativity, i.e. a composite of the nativity stories in Matthew and Luke. It's unlikely that, had the nativity originated in India, that Matthew and Luke would have each taken part of it and discarded the rest. Therefore, the worshipers of Krishna seem to have adopted the Christian nativity for Krishna.

Likewise, images of Dionysos crucified date from the third century, apparently used as a counter symbol to that of Jesus crucified.

I think what happened is this. Jesus was a real person who had messianic aspirations. He went to Jerusalem, where he was arrested for sedition - possibly with his own complicity, since he thought he would rise from the dead - and put to death by crucifixion. End of story. As often happens in myth-making. there were ready-made myths, a mix of Jewish messianism, stories about Moses, Elijah and Elisha from the Hebrew Scriptures, and pagan myth, as reported by Justin Martyr, all of which accrued to his legend.

So there are some parallels between Jesus and earlier dying and rising gods, such as Osiris (not Horus) and Dionysos. There was also the fact that Christians appropriated certain mythic motifs as a way of obliterating the competition. Thus, they appropriated December 25 - the winter solstice at that time according to the Julian calender, which was originally the birthday of Mithra in his aspect as Sol Invictus (L. "unconquered sun"), as a way to occupy enemy territory.
 
OhMan said:
Right now I have quantity over quality, though I desire it the other way round. Even just 5 good examples would be enough for me to make my case. These examples would have to A. predate the bible B. biblical authors would have had access to them.
Click to expand...

So you've already got your conclusion, now you just need to find some evidence to support it, right?
 
OhMan said:
I have been attempting to collate a list of similarities between stories of the Bible pre-existing stories from other religions (that is, written before the Bible was known to be written).
Click to expand...


And that is your first mistake. The Bible is not a monolithic tome whose date of composition could be tacked to a specific year or decade, or some such. It is a collection of texts, which in turn sometimes are collages of yet other texts and that have been authored over several hundreds of years.


Next big mistake is that you should not start with your conclusion, and only then try to dig up material to support it. It would be better to just look at the material, and try to describe it, and then maybe draw a few conclusions.


And lastly, about those similarities between Jesus on one hand and Horus, Mithra, et al on the other hand ... It is garbage.
 
OhMan said:
What, are you saying the bible doesn't plagarize from previous religions?
Click to expand...

It does, but not all the plagiarisms are from texts, it wasn't so much a case that some Rabbi sat down with the collected religious texts of the rest of the world and created Judaism by copy, but that a group of people were affected by the beliefs prevalent in the world around them and collated those beliefs into one place.

Genesis for instance contains obvious references to a number of Mesopotamian texts, but with one exception very few are transcribed verbatim

the Bible wasn't written in order to propogate the religious beliefs of its adherents so much as it was written to establish a cosmology for them and at the same time to politicise their right to claim to be a "chosen people".
Besides that, what does it matter that the bible uses second hand ideas, all religions do that, and all Gods are syncretized in exactly the same way from humbler beginings
;)
 
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OhMan said:
What, are you saying the bible doesn't plagarize from previous religions?
Click to expand...

check full post above from Tim

TimCallahan said:
snipped,

As to characterizing the Bible's use of already existing motifs as plagiarism, this might work when dealing with fundamentalists who are claiming the Bible is unique. However, it might be unnecessarily insulting otherwise. We don't characterize Greek mythology as plagiarism. However, much of, it, like the Bible, is derived from earlier cultures. For example, the myth of Kronos (Saturn) castrating his father Ouranos (Uranus), then being overthrown by his son, Zeus (Jupiter), was derived from the Hurrian myth of Kumarbi castrating his father Anu, then being overthrown by his son Teshub, the storm god. This Hurrian story was probably communicated to Bonze Age Achaean Greeks via the Hittites.
Click to expand...
 
Yes, I am dealing with one who thinks the Bible is unique, and is accurately chacterizing events that actually happened.


I want to narrow down on some specifics. Particularly Jesus, are any of his miracle stories taken from previous works? Or were Mark, Matthew, Luke, etc. just particularly imaginative? Because, of course, the miracles obvoiusly didn't happen. So this leaves either A. they made them up themselves, or B. they stole these stories off other people who had made them up.


Basically I want to strip away the claim that the Bible is unique and that it is accuracetly documenting these sort of events. All I have to do is point to previous miracles that are very similiar and it immediately strips them of that claim to uniqueness.
 
If you really want to have a fun time play the "Which pagan deity am I?" game with Catholic saints. It can be a real blast! Bonus points if the saint's name is a corrupted form of the deity's name!

P.S. Use an old book of saints. They've been weeding out the old gods lately.
 
Weak Kitten said:
If you really want to have a fun time play the "Which pagan deity am I?" game with Catholic saints. It can be a real blast! Bonus points if the saint's name is a corrupted form of the deity's name!

P.S. Use an old book of saints. They've been weeding out the old gods lately.
Click to expand...

It was a sad day when Christopher became an un-saint. We did a play about him in first grade!
 
OhMan said:
Yes, I am dealing with one who thinks the Bible is unique, and is accurately chacterizing events that actually happened.


I want to narrow down on some specifics. Particularly Jesus, are any of his miracle stories taken from previous works? Or were Mark, Matthew, Luke, etc. just particularly imaginative? Because, of course, the miracles obvoiusly didn't happen. So this leaves either A. they made them up themselves, or B. they stole these stories off other people who had made them up.


Basically I want to strip away the claim that the Bible is unique and that it is accuracetly documenting these sort of events. All I have to do is point to previous miracles that are very similiar and it immediately strips them of that claim to uniqueness.
Click to expand...

Let me suggest three good books on the subject: Gospel Fictions and Who Wrote the Gospels?, both by Randel Helms, and The Homeric Epics and the Gospel of Mark by Dennis MacDonald.

In Gospel Fictions Helms points out that, particularly with respect to the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew Mark and Luke), the gospel writers ransacked the Hebrew Scriptures (what we call the "Old Testament") for miracles, prophecies etc. They particularly used the miracles of Moses, Elijah and Elisha as source material. In addition, Helms points out that the raising of Lazarus in the Gospel of John was probably based on Egyptian material.

Helms adds more material in Who Wrote the Gospels? which is somewhat patterned after Richard Elliott Friedman's Who Wrote the Bible? He also points out that material from Euripides' play The Bacchae was used for the miraculous release from prison of both Peter and Paul in two separate incidents in the Book of Acts.

MacDonald points out that many odd aspects of the Gospel of Mark - a second, lesser, miracle of loaves and fishes, Jesus cursing a fig tree for not bearing fruit out of season and the naked young man who turns up when Jesus is arrested in the garden of Gethsemane - may well be in that gospel because it was deliberately patterned after the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey.

About all that was likely historical about Jesus was that he was a messianic pretender who was arrested by the Romans for sedition - possibly with his own complicity, since he held the deluded belief that he would rise from the dead - and was crucified. He may well have been influenced by the Greek philosophical school of Cynics, who eschewed possessions as well as being influenced by Israelite prophets who lived in the same fashion.
 
I find it quite interesting that Sumerian Head Honcho's name is Ela and the Judeo-Christian god is called Elohim in Genesis, which is the plural form of Eloi.
Which of course is quite similar to both Ela and Allah.
You could make a linguistig argument that the Abrahamitic god is none other than the guy in charge of the Sumerian pantheon, whcig would be so awesome!
 
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thaiboxerken said:
All of them?
Click to expand...

Suppose you are faced with a list of several dozens of claims. Suppose furthermore that of those several dozens of claims a handful can be confirmed to be so-so true, whereas the rest is either outright false, or unconfirmed/baseless. What would you call this?

In my book that is garbage.
 
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