ZN:
"Those are the problems, not Israel's response to the problems."
Beg to differ...Israel`s "response" is the problem as always.
The Israeli action clearly was not sanctioned under Article 51 as Israel was not under an immediate and ongoing attack (the constraint imposed on the understanding of self-defense under customary international law).
The Hezbollah raid was just another in an exchange of tit-for-tat incursions by both sides -as UNIFIL has documented and George Monbiot has written about
(
http://www.guardian.co.uk/Columnists/Column/0,,1839282,00.html; http://daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N06/437/22/IMG/N0643722.pdf?OpenElement).
Israel's duty under the UN Charter, in the face of these occasional attacks, would have been to submit the matter to the Security Council -something that in reality it does not have to do because it answers only to the "superior authority" of the US and so can act like an outlaw rogue state with impunity.
Israel also had duties under Article 33, which specifies that "The parties to any dispute, the continuance of which is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, shall, first of all, seek a solution by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice."
The case for self defence is also further undermined by the steady accumulation of evidence and testimony that suggests that the Israel action was not a response to the abduction of its soldiers but a pre-meditated aggressive act, which used the abduction as a pretext.
Hezbollah arguably had a better claim to self-defence under Article 51 because Israel's incursions into Lebanon (not to mention its continued occupation of Lebanese land) were, by any reasonable measure, far more substantial.
Of course, the people with the best claim self defence under Article 51 are the Iraqis and the Palestinians.