Antony, I would like to hear more of these "powerful incentives" you think there are for police and courts to prosecute those they know to be innocent. Just how do these incentives work?
Well, how do you think they work? Police are given credit for solving crimes, catching criminals and
getting them convicted. What criteria are used for assessing whether they have succeeded in their task? I'll give you a clue: it's the part in bold. There is no part of the criteria which says: "oh, if the court has convicted your suspects, but they're really innocent, then it doesn't count."
As for the courts, it's not as clear-cut, but by the time the case gets to trial, the system has a clear interest in upholding the investigation and endorsing its actions in pursuing a particular line. The public perception, particularly in a high-profile case like this one, is that accusation is equivalent to guilt; there is no mileage in provoking public anger by letting accused people go. The principle "innocent until proved guilty" generally has little value.
Personally, I firmly believe the police were convinced their suspects were guilty, not innocent.
This is a complex question which we can't know in detail, but I would suppose that the degree of convincement (*) varied considerably among the police force and over time. My point is that that the success criteria for the police are centred around achieving a conviction, not establishing the truth - so doubts about the actual involvement of their suspects were secondary to whether they could make a case against them stick.
I think in their panic and ineptitude there was indeed a strong belief at first that they had arrested the right people. Then when they started looking at the real evidence it became clear that the crime was committed by one person who wasn't among their 3, and that they had screwed-up big-time. This was when the damage limitation apparatus came into operation.
I remember that Patrick's alibi was none too swift to come by and wasn't all that convincing at first, a single witness to testify for him, against his cell phone records putting him in the vicinity of the cottage, the fact he changed his phone the very next day
You are being far too generous to the Perugia police here. It's my understanding that at first they refused to speak to Patrick's alibi witness, and he had to travel from Switzerland to testify in person. Then they subjected him to a 7 hour interrogation before recognising they had to change track. Even then it was almost 2 weeks before they released Patrick, and they kept his bar closed for months afterwards with no rational justification whatsoever.
It's the first time I have heard about Patrick's mobile phone being tracked to the area of the cottage - can someone confirm whether that is correct? (I had indeed heard that he changed his phone.)
and to top it off the "eyewitness" testimony from Amanda who said he was there.
Alright, you want to take this "testimony" at face-value, obtained as it was in a highly irregular fashion and with no safeguards for Amanda's rights. In that case, why was Raffaele arrested at this time? There is no mention of him, and no other evidence implicating him. The suggestion is very strong that he was tied into the accusations purely because he was Amanda's alibi witness - and perhaps the delay in releasing Patrick was the time it took for the police to calculate that they couldn't include his alibi witness as well.
I don't think you're trying to see the reality of how all these circumstances came together to produce the results we see today.
I don't agree with throwing someone's words back at them, but in this case I think you are projecting your own slanted view of the case (which includes trusting the good faith of the police) onto others who don't see things the same way as you. I judge my reality to be far more well-supported than yours.
(* to avoid the over-loaded word "conviction")