I have written a more detailed post in response but since the site does not admit URLs for the new ones i dont know if it will appear : so my post is probably lost
To summarize
it is completely obvious from the photos that the spherical shapes (the authors say some of them are predominately iron and some oxygen) formed as a product of the reaction (these are really big , 50microns and could not be missed in the initial chip)
can burning coal melt iron ?
F
Isn't this similar to what he did back in Dec, 2007? There wasn't an answer to that one. Obviously, the results were not to his liking.The solution to shut everyone here up about it, is very simple.
Have Jones submit HIS SAMPLES to a DOCUMENTED, INDEPENDENT (free of any personal or professional connections to the authors) LAB for analysis of the dust. They could then compare those samples, in terms of composition, presence or absence of these amazing chips, and how the chips react, to known samples from the WTC dust, with known chains of custody, and no agenda.
If results came back from such a lab analysis indicating that these chips are thermite, and are present in samples collected from KNOWN SAMPLES OF WTC DUST, with a KNOWN CHAIN OF CUSTODY, then you would make me believe. If Jones and the rest are honest in their quest for THE TRUTH, they would do so, to quiet all critics.
TAM![]()
can burning coal melt iron ?
Hello, henryco.Hello everybody,
For me the MEK test is slightly strange and raises further questions with regard to the similarity between samples in the paper. The "red layer" of this chip is of a different material to samples a,b,c,d. Comparison of Figs 7 & 14 shows this. I don't think they can claim both are thermite.Therefore when the MEK analysis and the comparison with paints (conductivity, spectra) come into the gain, i would say this is just to refine the picture...just for fun!
That would be very nice to find someone who can! I've no idea whether paint companies even look at the combusted product when producing data for Material Safety Data Sheets or any other research. /shrug. I think the best thing would be for an independent materials testing company (or two) to be given the samples without any information about the sample or their source and have those results free for all to see.Can any expert here tell us about a paint which ignites spontaneously at 400°C and produces iron dropplets ?
Nor mine - a necessary evil.Chemistry is not my field ,
I'm currently working on WMD.i'm working on alternative theories of gravity so may be i missed something important. If yes please let me know!
Frederic Henry-Couannier
I agree with this [with my addition]. Unless someone has been dishonest, which I highly doubt, then it's a logical conclusion. We don't see the spheres in the SEM photos pre-ignition, but we do post-ignition. However, this in no way proves that a thermite reaction has occurred especially because the test was carried out in air.To summarize it is completely obvious from the photos that the spherical shapes (the authors say some of them are predominately iron and some oxygen) formed as a product ofthe[an unknown] reaction (these are really big , 50microns and could not be missed in the initial chip)
Oh yes. Reverberatory Furnacecan burning coal melt iron ?
Hello. BTW, you should check out the911forum.freeforums.org. Dr. Greening posts there. He is banned from JREF.Hello everybody,
Frederic Henry-Couannier :
Given your role as the scientist who "Independently" verified Jones results, care to show your data here, or point us to your paper on the matter?
Also, seeing as you are here, and Jones is not, would you be ok with the samples of the WTC dust you were given, or the ones Jones has, being provided to another lab, one with no personal or professional contact to the authors of the paper, for an independent analysis of the dust, and the chips, where a comparison can be made to other known dust samples that have a known chain of custody?
Are you stating this as a chemist? Are you a chemist? (you implied earlier you were not, but this statement implies you are since you left out reams of supporting information) Why do these constitute irrefutable evidence for you a non-chemist, and how can you state such an unfounded conclusion? Oh, you said, "an almost". Got it....
However the other observations (melted iron microsphere, reduction of the Iron, hot material projections at ignition) are still providing an almost irrefutable evidence for a thermitic reaction.
F H-C
There have been complaints about the precision with which ratios of atomic species can be determined via XEDS, and also the ambiguity unnecessarily introduced by DSC done in air (which contains oxygen) as opposed to in vaccuum or inert gas. Please read the comments by Sunstealer and Greening (again, Greening's comments are at the911forum.freeforums.org).Of course i can and ready to share this dust with anyone.
At the thread on this subject in the Science forum, somebody suggested McCrone Associates. Looking at their web site, however, shows that the US government entrusted them with making a copy of the Zapruder film (of the JFK assassination). That means I don't trust them.... I would guess that the chance that McCrone has no spooks (i.e., spies) on their payroll is zero.How can i be sure that there will be an independent check ?
Even 911 debunkers and chemists at the same time admit that no hydrocarbon combustion out in the open can reach the temperatures to melt iron and this is why they dont believe that the flowing liquid metal from the towers was iron but rather Aluminium. This is even more obvious in the case of a very small staff in a DSC since the dissipative effects increase when the ratio surface/volume increases : as a physicist i can certainly say that!Are you stating this as a chemist? Are you a chemist? (you implied earlier you were not, but this statement implies you are since you left out reams of supporting information) Why do these constitute irrefutable evidence for you a non-chemist, and how can you state such an unfounded conclusion? Oh, you said, "an almost". Got it.
what is written in the article: the mass of the inert grey layer relative to the red one varies from chip to chip. I think the grey part is a moderator. The thermitic reaction had to be moderated to avoid projection and keep the hot material in contact to the steel. This is a personnal point of view: i believe thermite was not used as an explosive but only in charge cutters with sulfur (thermate) for the bigger columns and to heat the remaining columns at the level of the planes impact (small thickness of steel to heat, many layers of thermite applied)...for a natural initiation of failure.The energy in the samples is erratic which is irrefutable evidence it was not a thematic reaction like thermite for several reasons. Based on the fact you are not a chemist what do you say?
I dont know, since the conductivity of steel is much higher than that of the surrounding air , the heat flow would be mostly toward the steel : efficient heating provided the molten metal is not projected away by a too explosive reaction.Do you agree with Jones that Hoffman's idea on how the thermite was placed in the WTC includes thousand of ceiling tiles with thermite in them?
Only for the initiation of the failure looking as natural as possible (not starting with huge explosions) . Afterward its another story, probably hydrogen thermobarics or something else...Do you agree with Jones theory that thermite was used to bring down the WTC?
Tons of molten metal at GZ! many evidences also from previous Jones studiesWhy is there zero products of thermite found at ground zero? Why is there zero evidence on any steel from the WTC of thermite?
Those are not crucial tests.Of course i can and ready to share this dust with anyone. How can i be sure that there will be an independent check ? You also can acquire a sample (much easier for you in the USA ). Anyway, i could not perform the crucial tests: ignition, DSC and MEK so my results only confirm that there are microspheres and red chips in my samples with the same aspect and chemical signatures that Jones, Harrit and co have shown.
Only one of the spheres, namely the one examined in Fig 21, show a predominantly Iron Oxide spectra. Bearing in mind that Jones' samples have a gray layer comprised of Iron Oxide (which is most likely from steel - see post #92 above) and that the DSC test was carried out in an atmosphere containing 21% Oxygen, then no-one can specifically say what pre-DSC material the spheres come from. It's an ambiguous test and therefore worthless. All it does is cloud the issue.So if you admit that some microspheres which are mostly iron (see Fig 21 and Fig 20) were produced from the chips in the DSC, what else than the reduction of Fe and oxydation of Al (released heat initially concentrated in the reactants ) could be responsible for that ? I can only explain this melted iron provided it participated in the reaction.
Clear evidence is also shown for the reduction of Fe: in the red layer it was Fe2O3, in the residues the iron content far exceeds the oxygen content!
Variations in peak height as well as yield estimates are not surprising, since the mass used to determine the scale of the signal, shown in the DSC traces, included the mass of the gray layer. The gray layer was found to consist mostly of iron oxide so that it probably does not contribute to the exotherm, and yet this layer varies greatly in mass from chip to chip.
And that's the problem. The paper states on page 15 that,So may be i have to admit that the DSC results are only reliable concerning the power provided there was not too much organic oxydation contamination.
It is also shown that within the red layer there is an intimate mixing of the Fe-rich grains and Al/Si plate-like particles and that these particles are embedded in a carbon-rich matrix.
We suggest that the organic material in evidence in the red/gray chips is also highly energetic, most likely producing gas to provide explosive pressure.
You cannot conclude that. The DSC tests where conducted in air, therefore any oxidation can be wholly explained. Secondly the XEDS spectra of the red layer show far too many other elements in the sample to conclude that α-Fe is present. Infact the only material containing Fe in the red layer is the rhomboidal crystals identified as Fe2O3, as shown in Figs 8,9 & 11. The only possible source for α-Fe or ferrite is from the gray layer, because it's from steel.However the other observations (melted iron microsphere, reduction of the Iron, hot material projections at ignition) are still providing an almost irrefutable evidence for a thermitic reaction.
I'm sorry but this is incorrect. I have shown that the sample submitted for MEK analysis has a completely different spectra for the red layer when compared to samples a,b,c,d. This proves the samples are not the same and therefore the MEK test is void and not only that but the paper is flawed because of it. They cannot handwave away data from their own spectra as contamination without showing the particles that make up this contamination. If they claim gypsum particles are present as a contaminant then they must show them. It's odd they claim contamination whenHaving taken spectra at various points both from the grey and red layers i confirm tht there is always a variable contamination from place to place but the background (the elements which are always there) is easy to identify!
So the presence of such a small amount of Zn in the sample submitted to MEK is completely irrelevant since the chip has the same aspect as the others and since the authors have convincingly shown that most of the Aluminium is not associated with Si or O.
In order to more closely observe the characteristics of the red and gray layers, and to eliminate the possibility of surface contamination from other dust particles, several red/gray chips from each of the four WTC dust samples were fractured. The clean, cross-section surfaces were then studied by BSE imaging and XEDS.
It's well known that a number of bridges have been subjected to criticism and have been examined, including the Brooklyn Bridge, for safety reasons because of their state of repair. If Mr Delassio swept a handful of dust from a rail could he not also have dislodged paint or rust from the rail? I've seen photographs of parts of the bridge that show a red layer of paint or primer under the bridges white paint.The earliest-collected sample came from Mr. Frank Delessio who, according to his videotaped testimony [17], was on the Manhattan side of the Brooklyn Bridge about the time the second tower, the North Tower, fell to the ground. He saw the tower fall and was enveloped by the resulting thick dust which settled throughout the area. He swept a handful of the dust from a rail on the pedestrian walkway near the end of the bridge, about ten minutes after the fall of the North Tower.
so why are they not sending it to independent laboratories?Fifteen small chips having a total mass of 1.74 mg were extracted from a 1.6 g sample of dust from which readily identifiable glass and concrete fragments had been removed by hand. Thus the fraction of red/gray chips was approximately 0.1% by weight in the separated dust Another sampling showed 69 small red/gray chips in a 4.9 g sample of separated dust. Further samples are being analyzed to refine this estimate
This should be out of the question. I don't know why metamars is suggesting this because it's highly irregular and unacceptable. Independent means just that, independent from "debunkers" just as much as anyone else.Unlike debunkers here, I would urge you to share chips with people that you know, or people that people you know, know, etc., that have expertise and access to equipment that will nail this stuff down, better. What about your university? Preferably they are established, have a spotless record for integrity, etc.
Yes, at an independent lab. The sample shouldn't be discussed if possible (they may need to talk about dimensions, etc, but source and composition should be a no no), the analysis techniques used are to be determined by the lab as long as they result in a proper quantitative analysis. The lab should say based upon their analysis what the material is and the whole lot should be publically available.I think you really need to focus on searching out material scientists and physical chemists.
At the thread on this subject in the Science forum, somebody suggested McCrone Associates. Looking at their web site, however, shows that the US government entrusted them with making a copy of the Zapruder film (of the JFK assassination). That means I don't trust them.... I would guess that the chance that McCrone has no spooks (i.e., spies) on their payroll is zero.
In general, I think it's best to avoid any labs that do business with any Western government, and certainly if they do business with intelligence agencies. Who knows what secrecy/non-disclosure agreements they have signed - the existence of which they are not allowed to disclose? I would stick with tenured professors who, even if they are funded by their governments, do not do any sort of military work. Also, it's obviously ideal to have many, many researchers working on the chips.
But isn't there is a difference between the macro and micro when it comes to the energy required for melting especially with regard to small particles and their stability? Can you not get coalescence of particles resulting in melting of the particle surface?Even 911 debunkers and chemists at the same time admit that no hydrocarbon combustion out in the open can reach the temperatures to melt iron and this is why they dont believe that the flowing liquid metal from the towers was iron but rather Aluminium. This is even more obvious in the case of a very small staff in a DSC since the dissipative effects increase when the ratio surface/volume increases : as a physicist i can certainly say that!
Could you explain the term "projection" please. Is that a term meaning that the gray layer is there to stop material (of the red layer) from being ejected away from the steel surface during the thermite reaction? If that is the case then you are suggesting that the "gray layer" is the outside surface and the red layer is "sandwiched" between it and the steel?what is written in the article: the mass of the inert grey layer relative to the red one varies from chip to chip. I think the grey part is a moderator. The thermitic reaction had to be moderated to avoid projection and keep the hot material in contact to the steel.
Firstly we observe next to no Suphur in the red layers of samples a,b,c,d as evidenced by Fig 7. Has Jones not found thermate?This is a personnal point of view: i believe thermite was not used as an explosive but only in charge cutters with sulfur (thermate) for the bigger columns and to heat the remaining columns at the level of the planes impact (small thickness of steel to heat, many layers of thermite applied)...for a natural initiation of failure.
Dr Greening has performed calculations to show that steel would only be heated by 8°C based on the thickness of the red layer observed. How can such a thin layer of thermite possibly contain enough energy to heat a steel section 5mm in thickness let alone more to it's melting point? (5000 times thicker than 10µm)I dont know, since the conductivity of steel is much higher than that of the surrounding air , the heat flow would be mostly toward the steel : efficient heating provided the molten metal is not projected away by a too explosive reaction.
Yes I understand. Have a quick look at the spectra produced from the FEMA report, notably the oxide layer and compare it with the gray layers in samples a,b,c,d. I've done that in post #92 above. This also highlights issues with the lack of Sulphur in Jones' samples and the often made claims that Sulphur in the Fe-O-S eutectic comes from the material Jones has found.Tons of molten metal at GZ! many evidences also from previous Jones studies and FEMA (thermate slags , sulfidation etc...) ...but i dont want to discuss everything all together:
Thanks - this was brought to my attention by another member of JREF and the link was posted in the original 40+ page thread that got closed. My French is not good but I can understand the data. One thing I did note was page 13 you identify the places where the XEDS analysis was taken from "aspiro" 20, 21 etc (which is something that Harris et al didn't do), but the subsequent graphs on pages 14-18 have the corresponding number cut off. I can mostly work it out due to understanding "rouge" and "sombre" (dark), but your sample clearly has three different layers (See page 11) and there is no differentiation. except with the "aspiro" labels. (What does aspiro mean?)