Correct re Exercise 2. Herewith, Exercise 3. Consider the following:
It is 1887*. You are adrift in a boat in the middle of the sea or ocean, with lapping waves and no sign of land anywhere you look. You had to abandon ship a couple of days before and now food and drink stock is beginning to run out. How on Earth** do you
position yourself? Thankfully, your companion, Kimo Säpi***, is now stirring and when he awakes he discovers an old tool box. He fumbles around it and finds a simple instrument. Within fifteen minutes or so, he is able to tell you exactly what latitude you are on. Your trusted friend then spots your pocket watch hanging from your waistcoat (for you are Victorian). He asks if you know how to calculate G.M.T. from the current time on your pocket watch. Happenstance, you do, indeed! So after a few minutes, Kimo tells you what the longitude is, where you are at. How can it be?!
- Question 1: Describe what was that simple instrument Kimo Säpi likely used to position you, with reference to the natural elements, such as planets or stars - including the Sun and Moon, if appropriate - in relation to the horizon as far as the eye can see.
- Question 2: Explain how your trusted friend managed to position your longitude location just from knowing the current time at G.M.T.
- Question 3: Kimo Säpi tells you that your coordinates are Latitude N 51° 07.6' 23.2" Longitude W 009° 43' 36.7", give or take a few nautical miles error margin. You find an old atlas in the aforesaid toolbox. Where is the nearest land and how far away in nautical miles?
- Question 4: Whilst you are busy, perhaps explain, with reference to natural phenomena (see Q1) how you set about ensuring you are heading in the right direction towards land, without a compass.
Notes
* There is no GPS, smartphone, radio or satellite
** No pun intended
***Sorry, I couldn't help myself