The stupid explodes: obesity now a disability

Actually, it's more like people saying that the number of runs has nothing to do with winning. It's even more absurd than you've given it credit for.

If you want to use this analogy, Taubes is saying that to win a cricket game just telling people they just need to get more runs than the other team is practically meaningless as advice.

One example he uses is how to explain how Bill Gates got rich we might say that he earned more money than he spent. While this is a factually true statement it tells us nothing meaningful about how Gates became a billionaire.

If we move on from this and change the analogy a litte, we get to the example of the growing child that I've mentioned several times now. We could conclude that eating more causes the child to grow. In a sense that is true, the additional calories facilitates the growth, but eating more is not the reason for the growth. The growth is due to growth hormone, being driven to eat more is just the symptom.

Taubes is saying that not only is "calories in calories out" (IOW, "you're just eating too much") practically meaningless, but it is causing us to miss the potential metabolic disorders that could be the actual underlying causes of obesity. Why this gets turned into such an absurd caricature by his detractors I do not know.
 
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If you want to use this analogy, Taubes is saying that to win a cricket game just telling people they just need to get more runs than the other team is practically meaningless as advice. One example he uses is when we want to explain how Bill Gates got rich is because they earned more money than he spent tells us nothing meaningful about how Gates became a billionaire, even though it is a factually true statement.

Looking at the review that Blutoski posted, and using soccer as an analogy, Taubes seems to be saying that you don't win by scoring more goals than the other side, you do so by kicking the ball more often.
 
Looking at the review that Blutoski posted, and using soccer as an analogy, Taubes seems to be saying that you don't win by scoring more goals than the other side, you do so by kicking the ball more often.

There's a point where you can stretch an analogy too far. I think this is that point. Ps: I edited my post.
 
I'm reading the book she quoted that from. It IS out of context. He spends a lot of time telling you how the laws of physics do matter, just not in the way that is claimed by his detractors. Its the same reason the 2nd law of thermodynamics applies to evolution, just not in the way Creationists claim.

I disagree. And the point is the message is confusing, which I don't think is refuted by this thread's content.






He has said government guidelines shifted to recommend high carb/low fat diets because fat was being connected to heart disease and since they had cut the fats it had to be replaced by something. Is it any wonder that we have such problems with diabetes when we recommend a high carb diet when carbs spike blood sugar? People with diabetes have a higher chance of developing heart disease, yet the heart association put "approved" ticks on high carb products?

Right. That's the disconnect I'm talking about and the strawperson. He's glossing over the fact that people didn't cut the amount of fat in their diets. This is a major weakness in his theory. People are eating more fat than ever. And more protein. And more carbs. And more alcohol. And when we do the math, we find that the weight they gain is explained by the increase in calories.




If fat is more satiating than carbs, then a low fat, high carb diet will have a profound effect on appetite. I'm not sure why you think this is somehow unrelated or irrelevant. People on high fat low carb diets say they feel more fulfilled and are less hungry and have less cravings. If their weight loss really just purely down to them consuming less calories, then it still seems like a good idea to reduce carbs and increase fat.

Not really. It's irrelevant because it doesn't seem to have any impact on actual real world appetites. It's a great hypothesis that doesn't seem to have realworld applications. These diets don't seem to have better 'stickiness' success rates than any other.

And the main reason is probably because there are so many factors that impact appetite that benefits from adjusting macronutrient ratio are just not that big.



As far as I am aware he is undertaking his own research precisely because he thinks they haven't been done right.

That's his reasoning yes. Does this not set off your skeptic sense?






Gotcha, gotcha... OK I misunderstood what you were saying. I thought you were saying that Dr. Hall and CSPI specifically were claiming trans fats are safe.

I now understand by 'they' you meant 'scientists' and that you were engaged in the fallacious argument that since 'scientists' were wrong about something in the past, you can dismiss science today.

RationalWiki's entry for [Science Was Wrong Before]

It's a quack argument, and a sign of anti-science.



But originally they did say it was safe, their original issue was animals fats and they said transfats should replace it in restaurants.

At the time yes. Because that was what the science indicated. I'm not sure why you would cite this as an excuse to cafeteria-style pick and choose among scientific resources, except for a fallacious argument style mentioned above.






He mischaracterises what Taubes is saying as well. It all seems like there is a conscious effort to misunderstand him. I'm not sure why so many people can read the same thing and come to the conclusion that he believes thermodynamics is not relevant to the human body when you read what he says in context. He has spent a great deal of time going over the topic, yet we just see a few sentences quoted out of context and is represented this way.

Nevertheless he still says he "agrees with the premise":
1.That we eat too many carbs.
2. That carbohydrates, more specifically the refined highly processed ones, contribute dramatically to obesity and disease.
3. That "a myopic" view of dietary fat causing chronic disease and obesity has contributed dramatically to the rise in the societal prevalence of chronic disease and obesity because of the shift to carbohydrates.
4. That saturated fat has been wrongly demonised by the medical establishment for decades.

Yep. In other words, he's a contemporary dietary expert. This is the state of the science today.



You have argued against many of these points right here in this thread, but here you say he is competent, why? Because he writes a negative review of Taubes' book? Is that the only thing that matters? It does seem you miss the forest for the trees, just as "calories in calories out" and "a calorie is a calorie" also misses it.

I don't think I've argued against any of those points in this thread, except perhaps the 3rd one... and my disagreement with him is probably just terminology. He uses the word 'dramatically' and I would dial it down a notch to 'materially'. We might end up agreeing on actual percentages and just have different labels.

I think I have said that low carb diets are not shown to be better than others for weight loss purposes, and historical low fat advice is not the sole or even main cause of the recent increase in obesity. Both of these are claims by Taubes that I reject.
 
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You have argued against many of these points right here in this thread, but here you say he is competent, why? Because he writes a negative review of Taubes' book? Is that the only thing that matters? It does seem you miss the forest for the trees, just as "calories in calories out" and "a calorie is a calorie" also misses it.

My impression of his competence is from the broad agreement of such by his peers I have worked with in the past, and secondly from direct interaction with him and his approach to evaluating the literature in other subjects he has helped me with during his involvement in organized skepticism in Canada.

The main thing that has impressed me about him is that he has the same attitude I do about our current state of knowledge: it's tentative and will change, so don't make it a hill to die on. So I don't attach my ego to a fact so much as attach my ego to the practice of evaluating the evidence fairly, and not considering it a sign of weakness or stupidity that I defer to expertise when I'm outside my scope of competence.
 
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Sure, but that's not contradictory. The point is that there's a way to keep score, so the only strategies that make sense are those that have increasing your score in mind.

The contrast - and the reason it's topical - is that there are people saying one or more of the following:
  • CICO is a falsehood. The analogy in baseball would be somebody saying you don't need to build a game strategy around hitting the most home runs.


  • I do not find that is what "people" are arguing. (At least, that is not what I am arguing.)

    As for the analogy of baseball, scoring at least A run is necessary to win a game, so long as you alo keep the other team from scoring more runs than you. But that wasn;t what I was attempting to use that analogy for. I was attempting to compare an overly simplistic statement with another overly simplistic statement:

    "Just reduce your calories to something less than you burn."
    "Just score more runs than the other team."

    Great. It is a simple concept, and it is true. Now you have to get down to the business of actually DOING it, and how best to employ various strategies in order to make sure you get the best and most efficient outcome.

    You can't just stand in front of someone who is OBESE and say: "eat less calories." (We are talking about OBESE people, you know. People who are so obese, that they are considered "disabled." Not someone who is just simply overweight.)

    Such a person has serious problems. Ones that cannot be solved by simply telling them to "eat less." That is about as helpful as a manager of a baseball team telling his team to "score more runs."

    They need help and support. Serious and seriously dedicated help and support. You can;t just take away all the food they want to eat. They have a serious addiction. And like substance addiction (such as drugs and alcohol,) the best way to treat those addictions is through weaning them off of it. It just happens that with dieting, you have to start by looking at replacement plans.


    [*] that all registered dieticians and their professional peers do is throw out the vague instruction to reduce calorie surplus, with no suggestions of how this would be achieved - this is just a strawperson.

    I have never seen that argument made. Dieticians do not just "throw out vague instruction to reduce calorie surplus." I have seen a dietician attempt to get someone (me) to compeltely revamp a person's lifestyle completely from scratch within a single week. (It was me, when I went to see a dietician when I decided I needed to lose a good 70 lbs. She wanted me to immediately become a gourmet chef who is an expert grocery shopper, when I have a full-time job where I frequently work an extra 10 - 20 hours of overtime each week. And I don't even have a family!)

    So no. There were no "vague instructions." In fact, it was far too much of a drastic change for me. And I wasn't even morbidly obese.

    [*] that because of the prior two points, CICO model has directly led to the obesity epidemic and therefore its advocates are to blame

Haven;t heard anyone say this either. :o
 
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I disagree. And the point is the message is confusing, which I don't think is refuted by this thread's content.

I don't understand why you keep saying this. What if Gary is more right than he is wrong? What if he is even partly right? It means the public has been getting factually incorrect and even harmful advice for decades. Why should we just keep telling people something even if its false with a united voice because we don't want to "confuse people?" You also endorse CSPI despite their behaviour likely having done a whole lot of harm to cause distrust toward nutritional science in general, where people come to see them as hyperbolic scaremongers that cant make up their minds.

Right. That's the disconnect I'm talking about and the strawperson. He's glossing over the fact that people didn't cut the amount of fat in their diets. This is a major weakness in his theory. People are eating more fat than ever. And more protein. And more carbs. And more alcohol. And when we do the math, we find that the weight they gain is explained by the increase in calories.

I'd like to remind you that Dr. Yoni Freedhoff, the person you said you hold in high regard, said that he thinks its due to nutritional guidelines "myopically" pushing a low fat diet that contributed dramatically to the rise in the societal prevalence of chronic disease and obesity because of the shift to carbohydrates. For some reason if Dr Freedhoff says it its okay, but if Taubes says it it's "disconnected" from reality and a "strawman".


Not really. It's irrelevant because it doesn't seem to have any impact on actual real world appetites.

Is it irrelevant or is it false? If fat is more satiating, then it will have a real world impact, if it's not more satiating then it won't. If fat is more satiating, then we know something else must be going on in those studies.

And the main reason is probably because there are so many factors that impact appetite that benefits from adjusting macronutrient ratio are just not that big.

So you will be just as hungry if you eat 100% sugary snacks than if you eat low GI or high fat/low carb food? Why do we say that if you eat low GI foods you will stay fuller for longer because it's converted to glucose slower? If what you are saying is true that all goes out the window. That it has no effect at all and its all just as satiating. So eat a bowl of oats or eat a cake for breakfast, it's all just as fattening and all just as satiating.

That's his reasoning yes. Does this not set off your skeptic sense?

Why should it? He has good reasons for why he thinks the studies haven't been done right. Everyone accepts these studies are very hard to do well. Many of the studies that look at a low carb diet still include too many carbs, and they rely on poor ability to control for people sticking to the diet and aren't cheating can calculating things accurately. Maybe the results will come out the same, or maybe the results might make people sit up and take notice and consider that maybe we have been looking at things wrong. The blanket dismissal of some people who those like Taubes seem to be based on misrepresenting his views, such as saying he doesn't believe in thermodynamics.


Gotcha, gotcha... OK I misunderstood what you were saying. I thought you were saying that Dr. Hall and CSPI specifically were claiming trans fats are safe.

What I said was CSPI that were saying trans fats were a safe alternative to animal fats.

I now understand by 'they' you meant 'scientists' and that you were engaged in the fallacious argument that since 'scientists' were wrong about something in the past, you can dismiss science today.

It's a quack argument, and a sign of anti-science.

CSPI were not saying transfats appeared to be safe, they were saying transfats were "not guilty as charged", in their apparently typical certainty. I asked you before about their hyperbolic language and you said it was based on science. Was it "scientific" to describe a pasta dish as a heart attack on a plate? Even if they believe that high saturated fat causes heart disease, it is still the kind of language a tabloid journalistic uses.

So I am not impressed by the behavior of CSPI. In regards to Hall, what she said is in contrast to Dr Freedhof's views. Freedhof called those like CSPI "myopic" in pushing low fat diets, that saturated fat has been unfairly demonised and that it was due to those like CSPI that contributed dramatically to the rise in obesity and chronic disease. That doesn't sound like Freedhof would say CSPI is purely about the science.

Yep. In other words, he's a contemporary dietary expert. This is the state of the science today.

I don't understand what this means. Is he correct or not? CSPI is still, according to Freedhof, "myopically" pushing a low fat diet and seems to be as anti-saturated fat as it was before.


I don't think I've argued against any of those points in this thread,

You've argued against them in this very post.

Freedhof is clearly against he policies of CSPI based on what he wrote in the first part of his review. He implicates CSPI indirectly as being part of the problem, and helping to cause the increase in obesity and chronic disease. You defended Hall, who while also being part of CSPI, also still pushes the idea that saturated fat is necessarily bad and that it leads to heart disease which Freedhof calls a "myopic" view and that saturated fat has been wrongly demonised.

Freedhof says we eat too many carbs, that eating too many refined highly processed ones contribute dramatically to obesity and disease. On the other hand you have argued that all macronutriants have the same effect on the body, such as when you say whether you eat fat or sugar they have the same effect on satiety. I'm not sure how you can rationalise both of these at the same time. If the macronutriant composition of the food won't effect satiety and don't effect the body's metabolism, then how can refined highly processed carbohydrates be uniquely fattening like Freedhof believes? It seems like you are holding two mutually exclusive ideas in your head the the same time

and my disagreement with him is probably just terminology. He uses the word 'dramatically' and I would dial it down a notch to 'materially'. We might end up agreeing on actual percentages and just have different labels.

I think I have said that low carb diets are not shown to be better than others for weight loss purposes, and historical low fat advice is not the sole or even main cause of the recent increase in obesity. Both of these are claims by Taubes that I reject.

Materially means "significantly/considerably." I'm not sure how this changes what Freedhof wrote or how it contradicts what you've said here as I described above. Im also pretty sure Taubes has never said that the low fat advice several decades ago was the "sole" cause of recent obesity. You exaggerate Taubes' stance because you want to be able to support Freedhof, CSPI and be against Taubes all at the same time.
 
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I don't understand why you keep saying this. What if Gary is more right than he is wrong? What if he is even partly right? It means the public has been getting factually incorrect and even harmful advice for decades. Why should we just keep telling people something even if its false with a united voice because we don't want to "confuse people?" You also endorse CSPI despite their behaviour likely having done a whole lot of harm to cause distrust toward nutritional science in general, where people come to see them as hyperbolic scaremongers that cant make up their minds.

I would trust them because of what I said: even if they were wrong in the past, that's because that was what we knew. Anybody who had a different view would have been antiscience and correct out of sheer luck.

I continue to support the approach of following the current body of evidence.



I'd like to remind you that Dr. Yoni Freedhoff, the person you said you hold in high regard, said that he thinks its due to nutritional guidelines "myopically" pushing a low fat diet that contributed dramatically to the rise in the societal prevalence of chronic disease and obesity because of the shift to carbohydrates. For some reason if Dr Freedhoff says it its okay, but if Taubes says it it's "disconnected" from reality and a "strawman".

I'm thinking you haven't read much of Freedhoff's work, and are examining this one single blog post in isolation. He - like most weight management specialists - is aware that the overall increase in calories is slightly disproportionately weighed toward carbohydrates. They are cheaper and better advertised (mostly in the form of soda and juice) which has made them the bigger contributor to overall calorie increase than fats, which have increased a little less.

So the mechanism of threat is the calorie increase itself leading to obesity; this is in contrast to LC models that focuses on a special mechanisms involving insulin and other biochemistry.




Is it irrelevant or is it false? If fat is more satiating, then it will have a real world impact, if it's not more satiating then it won't. If fat is more satiating, then we know something else must be going on in those studies.

False dichotomy. It's true, and simultaneously probably irrelevant. There is an entire genre of studies on satiety, and some diets such as Volumetrics are attempting to leverage the physiological elements.

The main problem is that we're assuming people eat when they're hungry and stop eating when they've achieved satiety. This is demonstrably false, and thus the impact of satiety strategies is very slight.

Volumetrics has probably the lowest dropout rate of the major diet strategies, but it's still something like <5% retention after 2 years. Still better retention than LC, but the difference is so small that I would say the strategy cannot be successful without addressing other factors.

Specifically, I recommend reading Wansink's published research on environmental influences on satiety. Did you know, for example, that the number of people at the table has over ten times greater influence on recognition of satiety than the macronutrient ratios?



So you will be just as hungry if you eat 100% sugary snacks than if you eat low GI or high fat/low carb food? Why do we say that if you eat low GI foods you will stay fuller for longer because it's converted to glucose slower? If what you are saying is true that all goes out the window. That it has no effect at all and its all just as satiating. So eat a bowl of oats or eat a cake for breakfast, it's all just as fattening and all just as satiating.

Possibly, depends on environmental distractions (TV, other diners, music volume), how fast you eat it, colour, odour, variety... the stickiness of satiety is often rendered irrelevant by the environment later. eg: a person may be satiated at breakfast, but if they're sitting within sight of a donut when they walk into work, they will eat it. But if the donut is out of sight they won't seek it out. These factors seem to overwhelm simple physiological satiety in the real world.

So, this is why I regard a lot of that type of research as academically interesting and possibly useful in the overall picture, but of little practical application until environmental factors are under control.




Why should it?

Outsiders decreeing that the experts don't know how to do research is certainly part of a 'skeptical checklist' for evaluating credibility of scientific claims. It's not proof of a quack, but it's evidence of a quack. A famous example is chiropractors saying that scientific double-blind experiments for Applied Kinesiology must be 'doing it wrong' because they don't get the results chiropractors a priori 'know' are correct.




He has good reasons for why he thinks the studies haven't been done right. Everyone accepts these studies are very hard to do well. Many of the studies that look at a low carb diet still include too many carbs, and they rely on poor ability to control for people sticking to the diet and aren't cheating can calculating things accurately. Maybe the results will come out the same, or maybe the results might make people sit up and take notice and consider that maybe we have been looking at things wrong. The blanket dismissal of some people who those like Taubes seem to be based on misrepresenting his views, such as saying he doesn't believe in thermodynamics.




What I said was CSPI that were saying trans fats were a safe alternative to animal fats.

OK: I'm just pointing out that anybody who felt otherwise at that time would be rejecting the scientific consensus and therefore only right by sheer chance. CSPI was doing their due diligence, as they do today when saying trans fats are unhealthy.

Think about it: if you're saying you don't trust them, then you're saying maybe you don't believe trans fats are unhealthy. This is why 'science was wrong once' is garbled reasoning and is a red flag for skeptics to identify antiscience operators who want an excuse to cherry pick their beliefs.


I'm just going to quote this block and reply with a summary...
Freedhof is clearly against he policies of CSPI based on what he wrote in the first part of his review. He implicates CSPI indirectly as being part of the problem, and helping to cause the increase in obesity and chronic disease. You defended Hall, who while also being part of CSPI, also still pushes the idea that saturated fat is necessarily bad and that it leads to heart disease which Freedhof calls a "myopic" view and that saturated fat has been wrongly demonised.

Freedhof says we eat too many carbs, that eating too many refined highly processed ones contribute dramatically to obesity and disease. On the other hand you have argued that all macronutriants have the same effect on the body, such as when you say whether you eat fat or sugar they have the same effect on satiety. I'm not sure how you can rationalise both of these at the same time. If the macronutriant composition of the food won't effect satiety and don't effect the body's metabolism, then how can refined highly processed carbohydrates be uniquely fattening like Freedhof believes? It seems like you are holding two mutually exclusive ideas in your head the the same time



Materially means "significantly/considerably." I'm not sure how this changes what Freedhof wrote or how it contradicts what you've said here as I described above. Im also pretty sure Taubes has never said that the low fat advice several decades ago was the "sole" cause of recent obesity. You exaggerate Taubes' stance because you want to be able to support Freedhof, CSPI and be against Taubes all at the same time.

Notice how the discussion degenerated into really boring wordplay. Just a personal rule of thumb, but, when I see 'argument by dictionary definition' I know the discussion has ceased to be about the original topic and consider whether there's any point in continuing.
 
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I can't keep discussing this with someone that thinks there is no difference in satiety between a high GI food and a low GI food or a high fibre food vs a low fibre food, or fat. I have never encountered anyone saying that, even the ones that disagree with Taubes will fully accept that eating a highly refined carb diet with a lot of sugar is not helpful to satiety. Even if Tabues is wrong you've decided to leave the sanity building as well.
 
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I can't keep discussing this with someone that thinks there is no difference in satiety between a high GI food and a low GI food or a high fibre food vs a low fibre food, or fat. I have never encountered anyone saying that, even the ones that disagree with Taubes will fully accept that eating a highly refined carb diet with a lot of sugar is not helpful to satiety.

I said the opposite: I said it's both true, and also probably not important enough in the real world of diet strategies until other more influential factors are addressed. I mentioned the Volumetrics diet which is an attempt to leverage this strategy and pointed out that it does not fare much better than a low fat diet, low carb diet &c in the real world. All these diets have different satiety profiles, but fare about the same in the long term. Environmental influences on satiety are just too dominant.



Even if Tabues is wrong you've decided to leave the sanity building as well.

As I mention above, I think maybe there was a miscommunication.
 
I said the opposite: I said it's both true, and also probably not important enough in the real world of diet strategies until other more influential factors are addressed. I mentioned the Volumetrics diet which is an attempt to leverage this strategy and pointed out that it does not fare much better than a low fat diet, low carb diet &c in the real world. All these diets have different satiety profiles, but fare about the same in the long term. Environmental influences on satiety are just too dominant.

Then can you explain how the macronutrient content of the food we eat has an effect on satiety, but where the types of foods someone eats make no difference to how easily people lose weight?

You said "in the real world" it's not important, how is satiety not the real world? If you drink half the number of calories you set for yourself every day in a diet with high-sugary sodas, why would the effect on your satiety not effect your ability to commit to the diet? To me it is like saying that reducing craving for heroin isn't going to effect someone's ability to quit heroin. If it's all about the number of calories then all you need to do is eat less of them, which means the only thing stopping anyone losing weight is the drive to eat.
 
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Then can you explain how the macronutrient content of the food we eat has an effect on satiety, where people get obese because the eat too many calories, but where the types of foods someone eats make no difference to how easily people lose weight?

I'm having trouble parsing that sentence, sorry. Not sure how to answer.



You said "in the real world" it's not important, how is satiety not the real world? If you drink half the number of calories you set for yourself every day in a diet with high-sugary sodas, why the effect on your satiety not going to effect your ability to commit to the diet? To me it is like saying that reducing craving for heroin isn't going to effect someone's ability to quit heroin. If it's all about the number of calories then all you need to do is eat less of them, which means the only thing stopping anyone is the drive to eat.

Those are good questions. "Why?" The answer is because satiety doesn't seem to have that big an influence when we do studies. Why? There are many theories, but a great model is that satiety is a continuum, rather than a binary cutoff, and can be heavily influenced by other factors in our environment.

Are you familiar with Wansink's work? His job was to create environments that manipulate the points where people feel hungry, full, and the edges of that very wide zone inbetween called 'could still eat a little more'.

The Ig Nobels are also skep-friendly, and he won an Ig Nobel in Nutrition for his 'bottomless soup bowl' experimental protocol eight years ago, although it's important to understand his research in satiety started in the 1980s.
 
Are you familiar with Wansink's work? His job was to create environments that manipulate the points where people feel hungry, full, and the edges of that very wide zone inbetween called 'could still eat a little more'.

I thought that last point from Wansink's research deserved a graphic aid... I'm trying a monospaced font for this, so may do some cycles of "edit" button, and it's pretty crude...

Code:
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+----------+
| HUNGRY |  COULD EAT (energy ->|<- neutral) STILL COULD EAT | SATIATED |
|        |                                                   |          |
|        |      BUSINESS FOCUSSING MARKETING RESEARCH HERE   |          |
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+----------+

The takeaway is that there's no instant when a person becomes satiated and can't eat anymore. We unconsciously decide we have 'eaten enough' when we interpret some external cue, such as the plate is cleared, the bag is empty, the glass or bottle is empty, the last person at the table is finished their plate. That sort of thing. Also speed of eating. It takes 20 minutes to even register satiety. Fast food and 'grab and go' home meals are consumed before we can even tell, so macronutrient composition is not a factor during those meals, although it does have implications later in the day.

So, for example, this is why registered dieticians feel there is a benefit to creating maximum sizes for children's meals in fast food restaurants, and maximum sizes for beverage containers. People generally consider the portion finished when the container is empty, so smaller containers lead to less consumption.

This is the obesogenic environment model. It's what industry has been using to increase our consumption of food product. I think the evidence is that it's adequate to explain the root cause for the majority of the increase in obesity rates during the last few generations. The same way that women went from a fraction of smokers to the majority of smokers in a generation: they responded to an environment shaped to create that outcome. Nothing special about the cigarette formulations in and of themselves.
 
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I have a few questions...

- Can you explain to me why you think this is mutually exclusive? Ie. Why do you think Wansink's studies prove that macronutrient composition of the foods we eat do not have any effect on peoples ability to follow a diet? Why can't he have observed something real, while it also still being true that some diets are more satiating than others?

- Did Wansink study obese patients? I'm asking because if Taubes is right obese patients have a metabolic disorder which can effect not only their eating behaviour but also how the efficiency at which the body processes that food. Additionally, if having diabetes can leads to obesity then it is still a better idea to cut down on sugar since too much sugar can cause diabetes and that can lead to obesity. From what I understand Taubes is saying we have it backwards, and that insulin resistance can lead to metabolic syndrome which can cause obesity and diabetes concurrently.

- Is this the best argument you have that if you have a diet of sodas and cake it will have no bearing on your ability to stick to the calorie restriction, vs someone consuming the same number of calories but with low GI high fibre foods, or a low carb/high fat diet?
 
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I have a few questions...

- Can you explain to me why you think this is mutually exclusive? Ie. Why do you think Wansink's studies prove that macronutrient composition of the foods we eat do not have any effect on peoples ability to follow a diet? Why can't he have observed something real, while it also still being true that we can become essentially addicted to sugar?

I don't think they're mutually exclusive. Just that one has a lot more real world impact than the other, and therefore probably the largest contributor to the increase in obesity over the last 3 generations.




- Did Wansink study obese patients? I'm asking because if Taubes is right obese patients have a metabolic disorder which can effect not only their eating behaviour but also how the efficiency at which the body processes that food.

Some. Firstly, the subjects are intentionally a cross-section of the US food consumer market, so something like 30% overweight 30% obese. The research is intended to be generalizeable to the population at large.

There are, however, additional findings that are specific to the obese. Specifically, overweight and obese people seem to be more susceptible to environmental cueing than healthy weight subjects. The only anomaly to this trend is eating disorders such as anorexia - that's an underweight category that also show a low tendency to respond to hunger or satiety. The sequence of causality has not been tested. However, this is not the focus of his research - The question the research can address is not how do obese people differ, but how does the environment influence the amount we eat.





- Is this the best argument you have that if you have a diet of sodas and cake will have no bearing on your ability to stick to the calorie restriciton, vs someone consuming the same number of calories but with low GI high fibre foods, or a low carb/high fat diet?

Again... not sure how to parse that question. Research shows that the major diet categories (Low Fat, Low Carb, Calorie Counting, Paleo, Mediterranean) are about equally effective/ineffective for weight management, so... yes? No? Maybe? Environmental influence is a good explanation for a major contributor to the uniform diet adherence problem, and other observed facts, in my opinion, if that's what you're asking.
 
Notice how the discussion degenerated into really boring wordplay. Just a personal rule of thumb, but, when I see 'argument by dictionary definition' I know the discussion has ceased to be about the original topic and consider whether there's any point in continuing.

I scroll down quickly. If all the post have shaded quotes in them, the sharing of knowledge and ideas has ceased and the thread has become a debate instead.
 
I scroll down quickly. If all the post have shaded quotes in them, the sharing of knowledge and ideas has ceased and the thread has become a debate instead.

I'm learning stuff from what Blutoski is writing.
 
Heard about this on the radio yesterday. New paper from Georgia State found that gut bacteria are being disrupted by the use of emulsifiers in processed food, in turn leading the inflammation that promotes insulin resistance in mice (among other things) - the idea being that the metabolic syndrome impacts on people's ability to feel satiated from food and could be in part driving the obesity epidemic.

Interview with the lead author:

http://www.abc.net.au/radionational...food-additive-linked-to-heart-disease/6263256

Press release from GSU

http://www.newswise.com/articles/wi...obesity-and-metabolic-syndrome-research-shows

And the abstract from Nature:

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature14232.html
 

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