My humble and barely lucid anti torture argument
A long time ago I was watching a program on ethics on PBS. It was a moderated discussion on ethical military action. I think one of the panelists was Gen. Westmoreland. Another was a U.S. Marine officer and another was a decorated Viet Nam platoon commander.
The platoon commander said that he would torture to get information if it might save the lives of his comrades. The other panelists (as I recall) politely tore him into pieces. They referenced the standards of the U.S. Military and the rules of combat we agree to follow. To be honest, they were not above a little rough treatment (as in a little pushing around, threatening language etc.) but they were clear on the fact that torture is out of bounds when it comes to the U.S. Military. I think that was in 1987.
Today we seem to have "24" syndrome. A subset of the population believes that all we need to combat terrorism or anything else is a Kiefer Sutherland type charachter bulldozing his way through the bad guys (gun drawn, of course) and applying negative reinforcement here and there.
In the pro torture argument we have the terrorist in custody and he knows, for example, where a bomb is hidden that will kill innocent people. He won't talk so we need to apply appropriate discomfort. However, I can't help but wonder; if we know who the terrorist is and we know that he planted a bomb, would we really not know where he planted it? Would we not know who his confederates are, who funded him, who he reports to? If not, then how did we capture him? Did Sylvia Browne get his identity from one of her guardian angels?
The arguments in favor of torture are usually linear. Bad guy has information that will save lives and since he is evil he won't tell us without persuasion. I wonder if it is that simple. Usually you don't have the bad guy "chief" in custody, but a supporter or maybe just a suspect. Maybe he knows something, maybe he doesn't. Maybe someone else fingered him because he was tortured for information on his confederates.
I am no expert in military intelligence. In fact, most people argue that I lack any intelligence whatsoever. But doesn't real intelligence gathering come from observation and correlation of information?
There is only one possible argument pro torture. That is that torture will cause the suspect to relate information that saves lives.
On the other side there are moral arguments against torture, but that isn't what we are after. This forum is after arguments based on empirical evidence, so here are a few:
- Information acquired through torture is suspect and will mirror whatever the interrogator wants to hear. (Witch hunt victims admitted to consorting with The Devil, for example.)
- States that authorize torture tend to use it beyond the scope of critical information gathering (Iraq for example)
- Torture alienates the local population from the authorities.
- Information acquired through torture is likely available through other forms of surveillance and interrogation
Seems that most of the people that responded don't find torture to be a useful alternative, so perhaps I am preaching to the choir.