The Stimulus Seems to have failed

The US economy went into recession in 1929 and the President at the time reacted with a policy of no government stimulus and a misguided attempt to balancer the budget.

LOL! I can only infer that you are one of the millions of gullible democrats who hang on every word coming out of that partisan, moron named Rachel Maddow.

http://newsbusters.org/blogs/jack-c...l-maddow-still-cant-get-it-right-about-hoover

Here she goes again, this time during her show Friday night while condemning Republicans calling for a "freeze" on federal spending for the rest of the fiscal year --

You know who else had the excellent idea to freeze government spending during a recession? This guy! (holds up photo of Hoover) H.H., President Herbert Hoover. His fundamental misunderstanding of how to shore up a failing economy was so celebrated that the great armies of homeless and jobless Americans gave him naming rights for the shanty towns where they all lived in cardboard boxes and burned-out cars during the Great Depression -- Hoovervilles. Hoovervilles.

The problem is that Hoover didn't freeze spending. Either Maddow's a fool or a liar. Here, from the same source:

When it comes to federal spending during Hoover's single term in office, 1929 to 1933, what actually happened? According to the Office of Budget and Management Web site, Table 1.1 (BAC - in http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2009/pdf/hist.pdf ), just the opposite of what Maddow repeatedly claims.

Federal spending increased $166 million in 1929, or 5 percent. In 1930, it rose by $193 million over the preceding year, at 6 percent. The pattern continued in 1931, with an increase of $257 million, nearly 8 percent. And for 1932, it rose a whopping 30 percent, by $1.08 billion. All told, federal spending increased 57 percent in this four-year period, according to the OMB.

Since in previous debates with you, I told you that Hoover significantly increased government spending, one suspects you of now lying. I told you previously that Herbert Hoover started a trade war, increased government spending substantially and raised tax rates across the board. In fact, he increased the top rate on personal income taxes from 25% to 63%. He doubled estate taxes. And he raised corporate taxes by nearly 15%. And in doing so, he probably turned what would have been a recession into a 10 or 11 year depression. Why did you ignore all that?

By 1932 when FDR took over unemployment was pushing 25%. Four years of regulation and stimulus brought that back down to around 9%, but then the “no stimulus, balance the budget” forces took over and unemployment went back up to 16% and didn’t come back down until the massive government spending on WWII.

And this too contains statements that you were previously shown were untrue.

The unemployment rate was indeed 25% immediately after FDR took office, but the unemployment rate did not drop to 9% as you now claim (you previously claimed it dropped to 10%). It fact, it went down to only about 14% in June of 1937 (http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1528.html ), and then proceeded to go back up to almost 19% by 1938. It was still over 17% in 1939, despite FDR doubling government spending again. Only the onset of WW2 and the enormous growth in demand for war goods finally brought it below 10% (in 1941).

And the timing of the rate dropping from 25% to 14% probably has more to do with the Supreme Court striking down key elements of the New Deal legislation (including the National Industrial Recovery Act in July 1935 and the Agricultural Adjustment Act in July 1935 and January 1936) than FDR's prolifigate spending.

Furthermore, the timing of it then going back up to 19% probably was the result of FDR, in 1936 and early 1937, packing the court with his own people, leading to reversals of the earlier Supreme Court decisions mentioned above in the spring of 1937. And immediately after that, the Dow collapsed and the unemployment rate shot back up to 19%.

All of these facts have been posted to you previously but you apparently just want to ignore them or lie. Readers will have to decide which you are doing.

Now let's look at the stock market and what it did. Again, much of this is material that was already posted on threads you were on where this issue was discussed, so it's hard to believe you aren't aware of it.

The 1929 collapse started in September with the market dropping from a high of about 381 to about 320 (a 17% decline) over a month's time. Then on Black Thurday, the panic began. By the end of October the market was at about 230 followed by a short recovery to about 290. Then as Hoover began to intervene, the Dow began to drop again … and drop and drop ... to a low of about 42 ( http://stockcharts.com/charts/historical/djia1900.html ). Then, in the month's leading up to the 1932 election, the Dow began to climb ... back up to about a 100. Obviously, that wasn't because of FDR's "New Deal" policies since they hadn't been implimented yet. The timing might suggest that folks just thought someone new in the Whitehouse would be a good thing (much like many people foolishly thought Obama in the Whitehouse might be a good thing). So the market responded. In any case, when FDR took office, the Dow stood at about 100.

In his first 100 days (like Obama), FDR instituted his New Deal. I suggest that then even more optimism took the Dow to about 150, where it stalled as the effects of that New Deal spending actually began to be felt in the economy (much like is happening now). There really is no other explanation. The Dow remained about 150 for the next 2 years. In other words, all that spending that was occurring during that time was again having no effect.

When the economy collapsed again in 1937 (again, the courts reinstated elements of the New Deal), the Dow collapsed back to 100. Yes, it did soon climb back up to 150 ... but it never got any higher. Seven years after FDR began the New Deal, despite massive increases in government spending (in terms of GDP/GNP) that are certainly comparable to what Obama has enacted now, the Dow was still less than half the pre-1929 value. Given the fact that in numerous other recessions and depressions where government didn't increase spending to that extent and even reduced it, the Dow was breaking new highs within 7 years time, a rational person would have to call Roosevelt's spending approach a total fail.

And as I mentioned to you in previous threads, FDR's Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, agreed. Eight years after the start of the New Deal, he wrote the following: "We have tried spending money. We are spending more than we have ever spent before and it does not work. I want to see this country prosperous. I want to see people get a job. I want to see people get enough to eat. We have never made good on our promises. ... I say after eight years of this administration we have just as much unemployment as when we started .... and an enormous debt to boot!". Why would you not believe him, lomiller? Because this was a democrat trying to be honest?

The New Deal not only didn't significantly help but it negatively affected employment in various ways. According to economists Vedder and Gallaway in a 1997 study (http://hnn.us/articles/3800.html ) titled "Out of Work: Unemployment and Government in Twentieth-Century America", "New Deal policies (and some Hoover-era policies predating the New Deal) systematically used the power of the state to intervene in labor markets in a manner to raise wages and labor costs, prolonging the misery of the Great Depression". They estimated that by 1940, unemployment was 8 percentage points higher "than it would have been in the absence of the higher payroll costs imposed by New Deal policies".

And let's add another name that you've ignored previously. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. is an acclaimed New Deal historian and widely seen as an admirer of FDR. Yet, in his book "The National Experience" (from 1963), he wrote "Though the policies of the Hundred Days had ended despair, they had not produced recovery." If Schlesinger could see it, why are so many liberals still regurgitating the myth that FDR's policies led to recovery?

Another assessment of the New Deal came from a left-leaning source, the Brookings Institute. They published a 900 page report on the impact of the New Deal's National Recovery Administration and concluded that "on the whole it retarded recovery." Why wouldn't you believe a left-leaning think tank?

So stop trying to change history with a pack of lies, lomiller. Instead, just ask yourself how did the economy finally recover? It's not only that war intervened, but FDR's reaction to the second collapse in September of 1937 was entirely different than the first. He didn't massively increase spending the second time around. In fact, spending stayed about the same and he even cut corporate taxes a little. And lo and behold, things started to improve ... although, admittedly, it took WWII to finally seal the deal and undo all the damage he and Hoover had done to the economy. When will you liberals learn?

Let me give you one final historical example. Calvin Coolidge (who wisely said "Four-fifths of all our troubles would disappear, if we would only sit down and keep still") was a fine President and there's a lesson in his story. He was Vice President under Warren Harding and took over when Harding died. Harding sort of left a mess (remember Teapot Dome), which Coolidge cleaned up. But Coolidge's biggest legacy is that during his time in office, he enacted a series of tax cuts and sharply restrained government spending. And as a result, between 1922 and 1929, the country experienced amazing prosperity. Real GNP grew at nearly 5% a year and unemployment fell from about 7% to 3%. And that happened despite the fact that in 1922 there was a sharp recession/depression (unemployment reached nearly 12%) and there was a 14 month long recession that began in 1926. All that Hoover did by overreacting to what would probably been a relatively brief correction in the economy was undo that prosperity. Sure, there might still have been a deep recession (or even a depression) but, if the history of our economy before that time is any guide, it probably would have been completely over in six years with the economy once again growing rapidly.

So here's my advice, lomiller. Either stop pretending you know the economic history of the US or stop lying about history. Because which ever happens to be the case, you will only end up further embarrassing yourself. :D
 
The point is, neither you, nor I, nor anyone else can really go back to the exact set of circumstances and replay this economic experiment, so the "it would have been worse" argument tends to be unfalsifiable. That's why goals are set at the outset of a project and success or failure is measured by how close reality matched those goals. Any else is just BS.

I appreciate your support on this thread but that's not entirely true. Statistics of what happened in past recessions and depressions can give you an indication of what is likely to happen if you stimulate or don't stimulate. Sure, there is no certainty of what happen in any given new recession, but probabilities are not meaningless quantities.
 
http://canadafreepress.com/index.php/article/25524

Ex-Clinton Democrat and co-Chair of Obama’s so-called debt commission Erskine Bowles recently warned that our nation’s debt is a fiscal cancer that threatens to devour the nation from within, if left unchecked. … snip …

In spite of this dire prediction, have Obama and Congressional Progressives (BAC - that's just a nice way of saying socialists) begun to tighten the purse strings? To the contrary.

… snip …

The indications of a double-dip recession and perhaps even another depression are beginning to materialize. Consumer confidence is sinking as fast as Obama’s approval rating and at its lowest level in a year. … snip … Corporations are hoarding their cash like never before, withholding nearly a trillion dollars from the economy out of fear. Barring congressional action, the tax cuts enacted by President Bush will expire. Capital gains taxes and dividend taxes are set to increase significantly next year. This means that investment activities and realization of capital gains that would have occurred next year are occurring this year, artificially inflating this year’s already anemic economic numbers and making this alleged recovery appear far less ominous than it actually is. It also means that any revenue gains that are realized from these tax increases will be more than offset by the deleterious effect they will have on investment and growth.

Listen to the warnings, folks. The Stimulus and Obama's policies haven't helped. They've made things worse around the next curve in the road. And government spending even more money is not going to help.

To the left of even EU socialists, when it comes to deciding whether to keep careening towards insolvency or begin belt-tightening, Barack Obama seems stuck on stupid.

Haven't I been saying that folks? :D
 
Seriously, BaC, could you stop using blogs as evidence supporting your position?

I'm sure you can find a blog to support any position you want, that doesn't add any weight to the discussion. It's just another wall o' text that I refuse to waste time reading because it's purely opinion.
 
Seriously, BaC, could you stop using blogs as evidence supporting your position

This wasn't a blog: http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKN1248080420090217?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0 . It's the source proving you don't even know what the word "mostly" means.

This wasn't a blog: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/budget/fy2009/pdf/hist.pdf . It's the source proving that lomiller didn't even know what Hoover did to government spending at the start of the Great Depression.

The source I used to show that Latin American experienced a debt crisis every bit as significant as the Greek Meltdown wasn't a blog. It was this: Institute of Latin American Studies, The Debt Crisis in Latin America, p.69 cited by a Wikipedia article.

This wasn't a blog: http://hnn.us/articles/3800.html . It was the source used to prove that the Hoover and FDR's policies in the increase unemployment perhaps 8 percent higher than it would otherwise have been.

I'm not even sure this qualifies as a blog: http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Issues/The-Economy/2010/07/12/Oil-Spills-Economic-Impact.aspx . It's just the source I used to prove as nonsense your claim that the reason the stimulus hasn't worked is that this recession has been made significantly worse by the oil spill.

Seriously, Bob, you need to stop embarrassing yourself with claims that are so easily debunked. And by the way, you have no right to complain about any source when you haven't cited a single source to back up ANY of your claims on this thread. Not One. Do you enjoy just trolling, democrat? Because that appears to be all you are doing ... or capable of doing. :D
 
Seriously, BaC, could you stop using blogs as evidence supporting your position?

I'm sure you can find a blog to support any position you want, that doesn't add any weight to the discussion. It's just another wall o' text that I refuse to waste time reading because it's purely opinion.

I'm not going to try and defend everything that BAC wrote (he's a big boy), but he's at least correct about the part where he counters the "Hoover responded to the Depression by freezing government expenditures" meme. During the campaign, FDR railed against Hoover for spending too much.

I see this all the time, where people who are arguing for a Keynesian approach are incorrectly informed about the depression, the causes, and the policy responses of various people. Hoover did not freeze spending or believe the government should take a hand's off approach. On the contrary, he dramatically increased spending, specifically on things we would now call stimulus. I've posted most of this in various other places here at JREF, but I'll post it again...

A Financial History of the United States, page 160:
President Hoover realized that the federal government had to play a wider role in the ever deepening crisis. With his support, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was created in 1932 to provide funds to banks other businesses in the private sector. Hoover intended that the RFC would be comparable to the War Finance Corporation of World War I in manage the economy and allocating capital resources...A Railroad Credit Corporation was created to supply funds to the railroads.

...

President Hoover took other steps to shore up the economy. Indeed, it has been conceded that "practically the whole New Deal" later put in place by the administration of Franklin Roosevelt was extrapolated from Hoover's programs.

A quirk blurb about the Reconstruction Finance CorporationWP:
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was an independent agency of the United States government chartered during the administration of Herbert Hoover in 1932. It was modeled after the War Finance Corporation of World War I. The agency gave $2 billion in aid to state and local governments and made loans to banks, railroads, farm mortgage associations, and other businesses.

In addition to the RFC, there was the Federal Home Loan Bank ActWP which loaned money to S&Ls for mortgages.

FDR campaigned by attacking Hoover for these expenditures and, to a lesser extent, the increase in centralized control that resulted from them. From the Democratic Party platform of 1932, back when a party platform was actually considered to be a contract with the electorate:
We believe that a party platform is a covenant with the people to have [sic] faithfully kept by the party when entrusted with power, and that the people are entitled to know in plain words the terms of the contract to which they are asked to subscribe. We hereby declare this to be the platform of the Democratic Party:

The Democratic Party solemnly promises by appropriate action to put into effect the principles, policies, and reforms herein advocated, and to eradicate the policies, methods, and practices herein condemned. We advocate an immediate and drastic reduction of governmental expenditures by abolishing useless commissions and offices, consolidating departments and bureaus, and eliminating extravagance to accomplish a saving of not less than twenty-five per cent in the cost of the Federal Government. And we call upon the Democratic Party in the states to make a zealous effort to achieve a proportionate result.

...

The removal of government from all fields of private enterprise except where necessary to develop public works and natural resources in the common interest.


From a campaign speech given by FDR, wherein he excoriates Hoover for spending too much.
http://www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronline/text/131.html
For over two years our Federal government has experienced unprecedented deficits, in spite of increased taxes. We must not forget that there are three separate governmental spending and taxing agencies in the United States-national, state and local. Because the apparent national income seemed to have spiraled upward from about $35,000,000,000 a year in 1913 to about $90,000,000,000 in 1928, all three of our governmental units became reckless and the total spending in all three classes rose in the same period from about $3,000,000,000 to nearly $13,000,000,000 or from 8 1/2percent of income to 14 1/2 percent of income.
But even then we didn't greatly worry. We thought we were getting rich. "Come-easy-go-easy" was the rule. It was all very merry while it lasted, but when the crash came, we were shocked to find that while income dropped away like snow in the spring, governmental expense did not, with the result that it is estimated that in 1932 our national income will not much exceed $45,000,000,000, while our total cost of government will be considerably in the excess of $15,000,000,000. This simply means of that one-third-33 1/3 per cent-of the entire income of our people must go for the luxury of being governed.
That is an imposible [sic] economic condition. Quite apart from every man's own tax assessment, that burden is a brake on any return to normal business activity. Taxes are paid in the sweat of every man who labors because they are a burden on production and can be paid only by production. If excessive, they are reflected in idle factories, tax-sold farms, and hence in hordes of the hungry tramping the streets and seeking jobs in vain. Our workers may never see a tax bill, but they pay in deductions from wages, in increased cost of what they buy, or (as now) in broad cessation of employment. There is not an unemployed man-there is not a struggling farmer-whose interest in this subject is not direct and vital.

http://www.mackinac.org/4026
Did Hoover really subscribe to a "hands-off-the-economy," free-market philosophy? His opponent in the 1932 election, Franklin Roosevelt, didn't think so. During the campaign, Roosevelt blasted Hoover for spending and taxing too much, boosting the national debt, choking off trade, and putting millions on the dole. He accused the president of "reckless and extravagant" spending, of thinking "that we ought to center control of everything in Washington as rapidly as possible," and of presiding over "the greatest spending administration in peacetime in all of history." Roosevelt's running mate, John Nance Garner, charged that Hoover was "leading the country down the path of socialism."[8] Contrary to the conventional view about Hoover, Roosevelt and Garner were absolutely right.

Hoover started things off by expanding government intervention into the economy, to some taking extent his cue from Wilson's wartime policies of WWI. Roosevelt campaigned against statist policies, but when elected, he basically just doubled down on Hoover's policies.
 
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Hoover did not freeze spending or believe the government should take a hand's off approach. On the contrary, he dramatically increased spending, specifically on things we would now call stimulus. I've posted most of this in various other places here at JREF, but I'll post it again...

Thanks Mike. A great and very informative post. I'll likely be pointing folks to it in the future. :)
 
The mother of all stimuli … and the seeds of the mother of all failures:

http://www.investors.com/NewsAndAna...inois-Failures-Go-Nationwide-Under-Obama.aspx

'Unsustainable" is a scary word that recently entered political discourse, coming authoritatively from Congressional Budget Office Director Douglas Elmendorf. Unsustainability is the operative moniker for Barack Obama's massive deficit spending, which Elmendorf said "cannot be solved through minor tinkering."

The CBO predicts an increase in our public debt from $7.5 trillion at the end of 2009 to $20.3 trillion at the end of 2020 if Obama's fiscal 2011 budget is implemented. As a percentage of gross domestic product, the debt will rise to 90% from 53%. (BAC - and that assumes that growth in GNP over the next 10 years isn't dramatically hurt by Obama's policies)

… snip …

Americans are beginning to wonder if Greece is the picture of the U.S.' future. But we need look no further than the place where Obama and his team were trained in community organizing and bully tactics to redistribute the wealth: Illinois. (BAC - where *official* unemployment is nearly at 11% right now and the state has stopped paying bills.)

But don't worry. The stimulus is working. We have Obama's, Biden's and the democrats on this thread's assurances of that. :rolleyes:
 
I'm not going to try and defend everything that BAC wrote (he's a big boy), but he's at least correct about the part where he counters the "Hoover responded to the Depression by freezing government expenditures" meme. During the campaign, FDR railed against Hoover for spending too much.

I see this all the time, where people who are arguing for a Keynesian approach are incorrectly informed about the depression, the causes, and the policy responses of various people. Hoover did not freeze spending or believe the government should take a hand's off approach. On the contrary, he dramatically increased spending, specifically on things we would now call stimulus. I've posted most of this in various other places here at JREF, but I'll post it again...

A Financial History of the United States, page 160:


A quirk blurb about the Reconstruction Finance CorporationWP:


In addition to the RFC, there was the Federal Home Loan Bank ActWP which loaned money to S&Ls for mortgages.

FDR campaigned by attacking Hoover for these expenditures and, to a lesser extent, the increase in centralized control that resulted from them. From the Democratic Party platform of 1932, back when a party platform was actually considered to be a contract with the electorate:



From a campaign speech given by FDR, wherein he excoriates Hoover for spending too much.
http://www.ecommcode.com/hoover/hooveronline/text/131.html


http://www.mackinac.org/4026


Hoover started things off by expanding government intervention into the economy, to some taking extent his cue from Wilson's wartime policies of WWI. Roosevelt campaigned against statist policies, but when elected, he basically just doubled down on Hoover's policies.

Did, or did not, FDR's new deal (help to) pull the US Economy out of the Depression? Because, it sure looks to me (from your post) that FDR was elected on a campaign of lower Gov't spending, but then turned around and spent more than Hoover... In other words, an increase in Gov't spending helped ease the Depression. In fact, FDR, for all his railing against the spending while on the campaign trail, wound up spending more than Hoover to ease the depression...

As an aside, I believe you have me mistaken for someone else. And I'm so terribly glad you strawmanned my post. ;)
 
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I think there is definite legitimate criticisms that can be made against the recovery act.
The number of jobs generated are much less impressive than what would be expected, and indeed, the claim that "it would have been worse" rings hollow.

However, there are a number of benefits to the recovery act that will not be made clear until years from now. Much of this investment isn't wasted or useless. The investments into infrastructure is extremely useful. Check out recovery.gov to see what's being funded.


Now, speaking as an educator who is closely tied to the pharma industry, two years ago I had students graduating who couldn't get a job offer months and months after graduation. This past May, I didn't have a single graduate who didn't have a job by the time they graduated. Also, I've been contacted by multiple employers who are looking to establish internship/co-op programs with us. So, while the national news is bad, I am not so pessimistic about the long term scope.

But lets just see and let's all be honest. If the economy was rocketing like gang busters, you can be certain that the Obama administration would claim it was all due to the recovery act. Since it clearly isn't, they must accept the responsibility for this as well.
 
But lets just see and let's all be honest. If the economy was rocketing like gang busters, you can be certain that the Obama administration would claim it was all due to the recovery act. Since it clearly isn't, they must accept the responsibility for this as well.

In all fairness, I'm too much of a fencesitter for that. I'd be more likely to state that: "oth stimulus packages have seemed to help, however, I'm still concerned that the market was not allowed to correct itself properly. I fear there will be another dip in the years to come."

In fact, I still worry about our economic future. There are plenty more foreclosures to hit the market. And as long as that's going on, banks are going to be tighter with loans. While my prior statement was deridden as being overly simplistic and wrong, the bottom line is that this economic slump came about because banks were loaning money based on the over-exaggerated value of the homes they had loans out on. When the income from those loans stopped and the values of all the loans dropped, the amount of money the Bank had to lend decreased. That, and fears of a run on banks, led to Banks holding onto their money. Being as the economy for the past decade (at least) has been based almost entirely (as far as the middle/lower classes are concerned) on loans from banks (i.e. the value of their property), once that money stopped flowing into the economy, the economy came to a near standstill. Sure, I might be spending $1k/mo in discretionary spending...but if that discretionary spending was based on a refinance loan, etc, then that's $1k/mo less into the economy.

In other words: the recession is due, in part, to a freeze on money by the Banks.

So, as long as Banks are hesitant to lend money (which they are, too many foreclosures to deal with already...no desire to allow risky loans), the economy will continue to struggle.

The stimulus might not have achieved it's stated projections, but that does not mean it wasn't, in some part, successful. Jobs were created, money has been flowing into the economy.
 
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Did, or did not, FDR's new deal (help to) pull the US Economy out of the Depression?

Actually, the global need for our manufactured goods just before, during, and after world war two had more to do with it.
 
No. It hindered the recovery.

Wikipedia (one of your favorite sources, apparently) disagrees:

Wikipedia said:
The economy shot upward, with FDR's first term marking one of the fastest periods of GDP growth in history.

In fact, employment dropped from 1929 into 1932 where it bottomed through '33, before turning around in 1934 and beginning an upward climb through until war production took over. Interestingly, all of this occurred before WWII.
 
Stuck On Stupid. That's the only description that fits.

The adminstration thinks the stimulus bill just wasn't big enough to work.

http://www.thefoxnation.com/joe-biden/2010/07/18/biden-failed-stimulus-gop-s-fault

Who do they think they are fooling with such utter nonsense?

They aren't isolated from historical example so they must be either delusional or lying.

I vote for the later because lying is now second nature to democrats.

For example, Biden lied when he said republicans were the reason the stimulus was too small … that the administration had wanted it to be bigger.

Here is the original January 2009 stimulus proposal from Christine Romer of the administration:

http://otrans.3cdn.net/45593e8ecbd339d074_l3m6bt1te.pdf

It states on page 4:

We have assumed a package just slightly over the $775 billion currently under discussion.

That's less than what was eventually passed. So Biden is a liar ... who Obama put in charge of the Stimulus effort. Sound judgement on his part? Definitely not. :D
 
Actually the medium unemployment rate throughout the new deal was 17.5%. Thats from wikipedia.
 
And one last quote from the omnipresent wikipedia.
He supervised the mobilization of the US economy to support the Allied war effort which saw unemployment evaporate and the industrial economy soar to heights no one ever expected.

P.S. while wikipedia is a good source for general information, you have to take what is there with a grain of salt. It is not fit for graduate (or undergraduate for that matter) level work.
 
Ok. That's great. Did or did not FDR's New Deal help the economy recover?

It did, and dramatically so. Furthermore how deeply countries felt the great depression is directly related to how quickly they started fiscal stimulus. Countries like Sweden and Japan that began stimulus immediately already exceeded their pre-depression GDP and total employment by 1932. Countries like Germany and England which delayed a bit recovered next and had much smaller drop in GDP. It was really only countries like the US that refused to try stimulus where you saw 40%+ drops in GDP.
 

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