jjramsey said:
jan, I'm disappointed in you. An authority says what the concensus of the classical philosophers on mercy was, and you interpret it as saying "All classical philosophers explicitly stated that 'mercy indeed is not governed by reason at all' and that 'the cry of the undeserving for mercy' must go 'unanswered'"? You can and have done better than that.
I admit that my appeal to quit thinking in terms of black and white was a bit cheap, not only because I know that you are capable of avoiding thinking only in terms of black and white, but because it's one of those phrases nobody seems to be able to resist, although they convey little or no new insight.
But about your complaint itself:
The "authority" (excuse me, I can't help it) says nothing about a consensus (at least not in the version Stark quotes; I am unfamiliar with the works of Judge, so I may be completely wrong and Judge perhaps in fact says something different); the words are: "classical philosophers regarded mercy and pity as pathological emotions". The usual laws of logical allow me to add an "All" to the start of this sentence, since it doesn't begin with the word "Some" (or "Most", or "Nearly all", or "A majority of", or any other quantifier). I would also say that this is the usual understanding of such sentences. So it seems to me that at least Stark claims that Judge made the claim I am criticizing as outrageous (well, not really "outrageous"; let's say such a claim would be "a bit silly").
What would be a consensus among classical philosophers? I don't remember that they agreed about much — is it another word for majority, or does it mean that counterexamples are just very rare and appeared to have argued against Greek intuition?
Assuming that a majority of classical philosophers let mercy down; I also concede that there are examples where mercy plays a fundamental role in the Bible — so what? I think what you want to say is something like this:
i) Mercy was seldom if ever a fundamental concept of ancient pagan philosophy.
ii) Mercy plays a fundamental role throughout the whole Bible.
iii) Mercy is an important/the most important ethical principle.
Is this your position?
It seems that many (but not all) classical philosophers agreed that slavery is more or less inevitable. This is a position I totally reject, and which can hardly be defended any more, since many contemporary states do well without slavery. Many ancient philosophers had strange ideas about the intellectual abilities of women. I don't agree with them. In both respects, it seems as if the Bible isn't very much better. So conceded the Bible got that part about mercy right. Then, admitted, not everything in the Bible is wrong.
Maybe they even got it right that that thing had approximately a circumference of thirty cubits, who knows.