From what I can see in the video, I would guess that the device is powered by a current impulse though the steel ball interacting with the magnetic field. When the ball goes by a magnet, it contacts a wire between the rails that swings with the pendulum. I am thinking that there is a battery hidden somewhere - probably in the central column. The speed of the ball is controlled by where it touches the wire – if the ball arrives too early, it misses its impulse.
If there is no battery, the only other source of power I can imagine is an interaction between the aluminum track and the steel ball. They could possibly work as a battery if the ball and/or the track were coated with something to act as an electrolyte. This could tie in to the comment about the device running till it disintegrates. If the power is from the ball/rail interaction, those parts will be consumed as the device runs.
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