Taking a second look at untestable gods.

What do you mean when you say "non-natural"?

At best, you may be able to say that something is 'causeless'. But even then, we don't consider something that is causeless as "non-natural". For example, even though we cannot find hidden variables in quantum mechanics, we do not consider electrons to be supernatural.

If I said it was 'causeless', I would be eliminating the deist god, which would defeat the whole purpose of the exercise :( which was to show that, in the far distant future, scientists may have to admit that science, after having found the explanation of everything else, cannot explain how something came from nothing, even after another 10,000 years effort trying to solve this one last puzzle. After 10,000 years, there would be a case, don't you think, for concluding that the explanation is not discoverable by science. In other words that there is not a natural explanation for something from nothing. Meaning the explanation must be non-natural. Or, my original word, supernatural.

I'm not sure that you can say it could be 'causeless' just because we already have the example of quantum mechanics. In quantum mechanics we already have something and then there is a probability of something else. In the case of the origin of the universe, there is nothing and then there is something. That nothing includes no laws of physics, no quantum mechanics, and no causeless entities. How does something come from nothing when that nothing includes no laws and no causeless entities?

I'm not sure if I'm making sense to anyone but myself here. :(

BJ
 
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If I said it was 'causeless', I would be eliminating the deist god, which would defeat the whole purpose of the exercise :( which was to show that, in the far distant future, scientists may have to admit that science, after having found the explanation of everything else, cannot explain how something came from nothing, even after another 10,000 years effort trying to solve this one last puzzle. After 10,000 years, there would be a case, don't you think, for concluding that the explanation is not discoverable by science. In other words that there is not a natural explanation for something from nothing. Meaning the explanation must be non-natural. Or, my original word, supernatural.

Okay, I think that is what I was getting at. We would find the idea of causelessness unsatisfactory and would therefore make up a cause (i.e. the deist god). I will admit that I cannot imagine, even 10,000 years from now, how science/naturalism would consider that a satisfactory solution given that it simply raises far more questions than it answers, but it is certainly consistent with human nature.

My next question is, would that god have anything to do with the gods we have now, considering that none of the information that would give us the idea about that god is currently available to us? As an analogy - if our space exploration discovers an entitiy which consists mostly of hydrocarbon chains in the form of multiple string-like appendages with an ability to levitate, can it reasonably be said that it is the source of our FSM myths?

I'm not sure that you can say it could be 'causeless' just because we already have the example of quantum mechanics. In quantum mechanics we already have something and then there is a probability of something else.

But as far as we can tell, we don't have something - that is, a particle has one value or the other, but there is no cause as to which it is. The value (e.g. spin direction) comes from nothing.

In the case of the origin of the universe, there is nothing and then there is something. That nothing includes no laws of physics, no quantum mechanics, and no causeless entities. How does something come from nothing when that nothing includes no laws and no causeless entities?

Broken symmetry. One property that Nothing has is symmetry.

I'm not sure if I'm making sense to anyone but myself here. :(

BJ

I admit that it makes no sense to me that when we encounter "I don't know", inserting an entity with magical powers will be considered justifiably preferable to just leaving it be.

Linda
 
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If the evidence supports I have the magical power to levitate then that's what the evidence supports. It becomes part of the natural world because the evidence makes it natural.

If there was evidence for an extra-corporeal existence after death, then that becomes a natural thing. The only reason it is unnatural now is because there is no evidence supporting it to be true.
What is the evidence supporting your claims?
 
It seems to be. If God can't be capricious, it loses something essential. After all, we have already discovered God many times over (Lorenz invariance, Gravity, Higgs boson, etc.), yet it doesn't really occur to call any of what we discovered 'God' because none of it is capricious.

If God is necessarily supernatural, then we have no quarrel. I guess I'm not thoroughly convinced that's the case, but at this point, that's more my problem to ponder than yours to solve.

Intelligence in the absence of a brain of some sort would be supernatural, would it not?

The intelligence in my example has a substrate -- the matter and energy of the universe.

My little attempt to construct a naturalistic God. I won't be too hurt if you're not bowled over.
 
@Beth:

Looks like parky76 took up your issue. Here and in the next post is my answer to the OP in this thread, Why isn't intricate design considered evidence of a higher intellence?

As I said before, complexity has nothing to do with it. We're not in disagreement on this point.

Again I ask, how is extreme rarity better explained by purpose than by chance? I can see the tendency to want to assume that, but on closer exam there is no there there.
Extreme rarity is better explained by cause than by random chance. Purpose is one such cause. When the probability of a particular observed outcome is sufficiently low if we assume random chance, that's generally considered reason to reject the assumption of random chance and accept an alternative hypothesis of cause. This is pretty standard in most scientific endeavors.
The other way the rarity issue is looked as is to say, regardless of how rare as far as universes go, obviously we are going to exist in the one rare universe we are capable of existing in. In other words, there could be trillions of universes out there where life doesn't exist, but regardless, this is going to be the one we are in because it is the one we can be in.
I'm familiar with this line of argument. Yes, the 'trillions of other universes' explanation is a hypotheses that explains both the seeming fine-tuning of our universe and the existance of life within it. At this point, we can only say that both are supported by our current models of our universe. Both seem plausible hypotheses to me. By what reasoning do you justify accepting one as plausible but not the other?
 
If God is necessarily supernatural, then we have no quarrel. I guess I'm not thoroughly convinced that's the case, but at this point, that's more my problem to ponder than yours to solve.

I'm not so much trying to persuade others to my point-of-view as trying to find a description that adequately covers what it is that everyone thinks of when they think of gods. Or rather, what it is that is useful about gods, what it is we think they do for us.

The intelligence in my example has a substrate -- the matter and energy of the universe.

My little attempt to construct a naturalistic God. I won't be too hurt if you're not bowled over.

I don't think "material" necessarily distinguishes supernatural from natural - that is, something supernatural could still be formed from matter and energy. I think that the usefulness of the idea of a universal intelligence comes from its ability to step outside of the constraints provided by the rest of the universe (i.e. a form of 'free will'); a way for humans to contribute to the purpose of the universe. Whether it's material or not, I think the value in the idea comes from not being constrained by laws (or random) like everything else appears to be. That is, it fits under the 'capricious' part of 'supernatural'.

ETA: Naturalistic doesn't just mean 'material', though. It also refers to the process of forming ideas by reference to material events. A universal intelligence isn't really an idea that comes from reference to natural events (i.e. observations that make the explanation useful, necessary, and sufficient), but is rather the product of wishful thinking that isn't necessarily excluded by observation...yet.

Linda
 
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As for the Cargo cult evidence, you need to back up. I said they provided direct evidence of a god myth being created.

You are presenting an hypothesis for how a real god might have created a god belief. I presented an EXAMPLE of how a god myth was created without a real god.

Theory: god beliefs are myth beliefs. People created god beliefs but never had real encounters with real gods.
Testing that hypothesis: the creation of a god myth is observed with the Cargo cults.

You need to understand how that differs from saying the Cargo cults prove all god beliefs are myths. The Cargo cults only add to the evidence, they are not the only evidence. Testing an hypothesis means predicting what will happen and then observing it happen.

Just because you can hypothesize how other god beliefs might have formed and we could still have god myths does not weaken the evidence of observing a prediction.

Given your hypothesis, now you need to find some supporting evidence that some god beliefs are real and some are mythical. In a way, that makes even less sense than all or none.

You must have read a I post I didn't write. I didn't present a hypothesis, I just questioned yours.

I need to back up about something I didn't say and I need to understand why something else I didn't say isn't right?? :confused:

Perhaps that could be said to be evidence that all my posts are imaginary ;).



Here's a hypothesis that is perhaps a better fit of the Cargo Cult evidence, since it doesn't require using semantics to ignore the superior technology involved:

Can't say I find that terribly convincing either.
 
Sorry for not getting back to you on this, I've been sick and drugged.
OK, now I see where you are going with this line of reasoning.

Your idea has been hypothesized many times before but the evidence says, no.

This is part of my point. Follow the evidence. Forget the untestable god garbage which is not following the evidence.
Yeah, see, this looks exactly like cherry picking to me. "We've got some gods that figure heavily in myths, and we know people make up myths, so let's just "forget" about all the gods that people believe in that aren't obviously myths, and then we can say that "gods are myths"". I'm sorry, but it just doesn't work that way. You don't get to "forget" about the exceptions that undermine your hypothesis to make it work.

Here's the evidence in favor of your hypothesis, feel free to add to it: god myths are universally common.

That's it. That's all the evidence that supports the hypothesis, real god(s) inspired god myths.
We still have a fundamental unresolved difference in what constitutes a "real god" though. You are still insisting that a "real god" has to be something supernatural. Why?

Look at the cargo cults you mention- they are essentially "praying" to a real thing- a C-47. There's nothing supernatural at all about it, and it works essentially like their religion says- One makes entreaties into a boxy thing and good stuff falls from a big thing in the air. That the people who formed the religion did not understand the mechanisms and entities involved - see "Clarke's Third Law"- and ascribed magical properties to these airplanes does not make them any less real- or any less gods.

Where you are falling down is assuming that "god" means something objective and universal. It doesn't. It means something different to every single person who thinks something about god. You simply cannot say that god beliefs are all myths for the same reason you can't say beauty beliefs are all about big tits.

Here's the evidence supporting god beliefs are all myths:

1) What Hoke said is valid. Not only are the god concepts too dissimilar to support your hypothesis, many of them outright contradict each other.
Exactly. But the fact that humans espouse some sort of "god belief" frequently, spontaneously, in such variety, and (nearly) universally points to something- and I think that something is the fact that human beings create "god" for themselves- just like "art" or "corporations". And in that sense is very real.

2) The themes that are similar between god myths: explaining the world, wanting life after death, and trying to affect major events like illness, death and natural disasters, are all consistent with what we know about the psychology of human behavior.
Which is what, exactly?

3) The hypothesis, god beliefs are invented, was directly observed with the Cargo Cults.

So, a better hypothesis, that the consistent themes are due to natural human tendencies and traits, is consistent with the evidence, no magic intervention is at all suggested by this evidence.
Right, which is why I am saying that it is your assumption that "god = supernatural" is what is in error here. "God" can be almost anything to anybody. A sabretooth tiger, a C-47, a planet crossing the heavens, a housecat, the sun, the harvest of a food crop, or a sense of beauty and awe at the majesty of the universe. Those are not a myth, even if myths grow up around them.

Is a god which you hypothesize is sending messages to humans all over the planet consistent with the definition of a Deist god that isn't detectable?
When did I say anything about sending any messages? Gravity doesn't send any messages, but people are still aware of it.

You might as well just say god beliefs appeared by magic. Is that an hypothesis we would entertain using the scientific process to explain any other human belief?
Please. We already agreed that people make up stuff about things. What you're suggesting is that if they didn't make up all of it, it's not god. That's incorrect.

Is it proved that your hypothesis is wrong? No. But so what? I don't have to prove it. I need merely develop the best theory that explains the evidence.
...And the best "theory" does not "forget" about things that are inconvenient to its elegance- or truth value. That's wishful thinking, not science.

Making up special evidence categories and defining special untestable gods is not warranted by the evidence and is not consistent with the scientific process.
I'm not making up special evidence categories- if you think that I am, which are those?

I'm not defining any "special untestable gods". I'm talking about gods that other people claim to worship. That's the test of an entity's "godhood".
 
What, exactly? Many gods are not said to be "capricous"- why is that a neccesary criteria?

Can you give me an example of a god that doesn't have the ability to act outside of the constraints which seem to govern nature?

Linda
 
Can you give me an example of a god that doesn't have the ability to act outside of the constraints which seem to govern nature?

Linda

A god that is nature, just off the top of my head. But that's beside the point. You question is just another way to say that "god = supernatural". Why is this a requirement to be god?
 
A god that is nature, just off the top of my head. But that's beside the point. You question is just another way to say that "god = supernatural". Why is this a requirement to be god?


It may be that god=supernatural is necessary for a concept to be universally accepted as a god. Unlike a C-47.

(As an aside, I can see from the earlier post of yours where you compare "god" to "art" that we are more in agreement than disagreement.)
 
For the sake of simplicity I'm going to respond to the original post.

The fact that we can't test the above condition for every god belief is no reason we cannot draw a scientific conclusion about all god beliefs.

Sure it is.

Assuming that God's existence is verifiable, which it obviously isn't, we would have to test each individual claim.

We haven't mapped every single genome either but that hasn't stopped science from drawing a conclusion about how all organisms evolved. Science does not require certainty to draw conclusions, and in fact, certainty is almost never known in scientific conclusions.

What?! Science always requires certainty about it's conclusions. This is why evolution is still considered a theory.

On the other hand, the evidence actually does support the conclusion god beliefs originated as myths, not from interaction with real gods.[/B] The evidence does provide weight that god beliefs are myths.

You cannot generalize conclusions about certain "God beliefs" to others.

I don't care if gods exist outside the Universe anymore than I care if invisible pink unicorns exist outside the Universe. There is not simply a lack of evidence, but rather, because I can explain the origin of god beliefs, there is nothing left as a reason to bother pondering the existence of gods.

Really? So you are able to explain, scientifically, that which is often attributed to God? Wow.
 
A god that is nature, just off the top of my head.

Then you are simply talking about God as a redundancy (which was the other part of my description). Although it still seems unlikely to me that people really don't expect anything at all from Naturegod.

But that's beside the point. You question is just another way to say that "god = supernatural". Why is this a requirement to be god?

I am simply describing a characteristic that seems to be common to all gods. I'm willing to consider that some people truly are interested in redundant/irrelevant gods (although I'm interested in discussing whether that is really the case), but for all gods that aren't redundant, it seems to be a common characteristic. If you can give some examples of gods that aren't expected to act outside of the constraints of nature, I would appreciate it.

Linda
 
Then you are simply talking about God as a redundancy (which was the other part of my description). Although it still seems unlikely to me that people really don't expect anything at all from Naturegod.



I am simply describing a characteristic that seems to be common to all gods. I'm willing to consider that some people truly are interested in redundant/irrelevant gods (although I'm interested in discussing whether that is really the case), but for all gods that aren't redundant, it seems to be a common characteristic. If you can give some examples of gods that aren't expected to act outside of the constraints of nature, I would appreciate it.

Linda

Look at Jefferson's.
 
Look at Jefferson's.

It is my impression that Jefferson believed in a conscious God who was responsbile for creation and morality, but he didn't believe in the trappings of various religions. Do you have a different impression?

Linda
 
It is my impression that Jefferson believed in a conscious God who was responsbile for creation and morality, but he didn't believe in the trappings of various religions. Do you have a different impression?

Linda

No. He also very specifically rejected miracles and the bible's fantastic cosmology.

As for creation and morality, the specifics of the beginnings of the universe were and remain largely unknown scientifically (and I do not doubt he would have embraced our current scientific knowledge unreservedly) and morality is subjective, these things are still, even in our day, untestable.
 
No. He also very specifically rejected miracles and the bible's fantastic cosmology.

As for creation and morality, the specifics of the beginnings of the universe were and remain largely unknown scientifically (and I do not doubt he would have embraced our current scientific knowledge unreservedly) and morality is subjective, these things are still, even in our day, untestable.

God would have had the option of not creating this universe or of creating a different universe, would it not? And didn't God inspire humans?

I'm not sure what you mean by untestable or how that is relevant.

Linda
 

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