A head of househould with a gross income of $200,000 would have paid 90% income tax in 1958 ???
It would have meant he'd only have a net income of $20,000 !
These seem very odd numbers to me. Surely the rich would have fled a country with such tax law ...
The 90% only applies to income in excess of 200K, and in a time where available tax deductions were far more widespread, so even that amount is slightly deceptive.
In 1953, the rate of taxation for the first $2,000 was 22.2% and it went up from there until it maxed out at 90%, which was a cut from the max wartime tax rate of 94% in 1944 and 1945.
Everybody paid that rate for the first $2K, whether that person made $1800 or $1,800,000.
Today, we are talking about increasing the rate of taxation on the marginal amounts of roughly 3%. If we take the $250K as a cutoff (oversimplifies things a bit), income in excess of $250K is taxed at a whopping 3% more than before.
So if you make 250K, nothing changes from before. If you make $251K you are going to pay a whopping $30 more than before, and so on.
In the 80's, the top tax rate plunged from 70% to 28% in 1988, but this also included severe restrictions on deductions and represented a whole new era as to how income tax worked. If people think things are tricky now, they have no idea...
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This overhaul of the tax system in the 80's arguably was the thing that started the Reagan era economic boom. The goofy deduction mess created during the 70%+ top rate days, those with capital wound up making investment decisions to avoid tax more than creating wealth, which caused a ton of waste and poor asset allocation. Getting rid of that mess allowed capital to be invested where it had the most return, which improved efficiency.
The rate was set too low at the time and had to be increased, and those increases/decreases really didn't change much. It was more about the broad stroke of reform from the 80s. The low rate was also deceptive as since the Reagan administration represented a huge increase in national debt with a tax cut, it was hard for the economy to not improve... Which gives an idea as to how screwed up things are now.
The difference as to economic development between a top rate of 28% and 35% is meaningless compared to the difference between a top rate of 75% that can be avoided by doing goofy things with money and a rate of 35% without those same restrictions. The gain in efficient asset allocation is staggering...