...I have some difficulties understanding the gut-wrenching horror some people seem to feel about providing health care this way. Could anyone kindly explain this viewpoint to me?
One factor that hasn't been touched on much in this thread is U.S.
culture.
There is still a powerful thread of
Calvinism woven into the culture here. Whether they acknowledge the origins of the belief or have stripped away the overt religious wrapping, a large number of Americans believe that success in the material world is simply an indicator of being a better person, somehow. The older view is that this superiority is based on spiritual "election", a perq for predestined salvation in the afterlife. Today the more common view is the
Protestant Work Ethic, the idea that more effort and dedication to one's job yields better material results in this life. Thus, if anyone isn't doing well financially, it's their own fault.
I personally think that this also translates into issues of
race. There are still a large number of Americans who don't want to have the money taken from their wallets and the food taken from their children's mouths to support "fake" Americans. There is a long history of panic about the Other here, whether its illegal people or "welfare queens" taking services and money they don't deserve. My perception of Sweden is that you have a stronger ethic of egalitarianism than the U.S. does, and fewer racial and ethnic divisions to exploit in fighting egalitarian policies. Here, most people want to be above their competitors, and many still see non-whites as not quite right. And that's not even considering the few remaining dead-enders who don't even think non-white people are fully human.
There is also the
frontier myth of the completely independent, self-reliant individual. The viewpoint that says that "I'm on my own, no one will help me survive, so I owe them nothing" has now defeated the alternative perception that "we're out in the wilderness together, and we must help each other survive or we'll perish one by one". The parts of the country where you Swedes settled in large numbers had more of the latter view, but even that is going away.
Also, as Alferd Packer hinted, part of the opposition to universal health insurance is the fear that some of it will be used to cover
birth control and abortion. There is still a massive opposition to reproductive rights in this country. I would say that this is not a
primary reason for opposition to universal health insurance, but would be in the top ten.