The Board of Education, in their Twentieth Report, made
the statement "that the public schools were losing their effi-
ciency, and the system itself its vitality. This alarmed pat-
riotic and good men, and gave rise, in 1834, to provision for a
school fund, and to the establishment, in 1837, of the Board of
Education."
The peril was indeed imminent. "Patriotic and good men
were alarmed" with reason. The Honorable Horace Mann,
in his First Report, as Secretary of the Board of Education,
speaks of the state of the public schools as "calculated to ex-
cite the deepest alarm in every mind which sees the charac-
ter of the next generation of men foreshadowed and prophe-
sied in the direction which is given to the children of this."
The causes, nature and extent of this peril of a system, so vi-
tally important to the highest welfare of the state, may be ex-
pressed in few words.
In speaking of the causes of this deplorable state of things,
the Board of Education, in their Twentieth Report, as quoted
above, use this language "With the increase of population,
the concentration of wealth, and the division of sects and of
classes, numerous private schools sprang up, and it was found
that the public schools were loosing their efficiency, and the sys-
tem itself its vitality." Here is indicated the root of the evil,
and one sentence declares it. By common consent the High
School feature of the old colonial system of 1647, had gone
into disuse, and the private school system had taken its place.
So those deeply interested for their own children, and having
the wealth to do as they pleased, diverted their children, their
money and their interest, from the public to the private
school. The consequences were natural, necessary, and full of
evil for the community at large. [Italics in original (!)]