Female Gamete Formation is Initiated in the Embryo
The potential germ cells develop early in fetal life, starting at about the 5th or 6th week
They start meiosis but are arrested at the first prophase
At birth there are about 2 million potential egg cells, primary oocytes, all arrested in prophase (many of them stay in this stage for 30 or more years)
By puberty there are only 400,000 left
About 400 of these will be released in the monthly reproductive cycle
Female Gametes Mature in the Ovary in a Monthly Menstrual Cycle
When the human female reaches maturity (puberty) a monthly cycle (about 28 days) begins during which 5-20 eggs mature and one is released into the Fallopian tube
At the same time the uterine lining develops to receive the egg if it is fertilized
The beginning of menstruation (menarche) is at about about 13 years of age (it depends upon body weight and has been getting earlier in the U.S.)
At menopause (about 50 years of age) cyclic release of egg cells stops
During the monthly cycle the selected oocyte finishes the first cell division of meiosis but arrests a second time at 2nd metaphase; meiosis is not finished unless fertilization occurs