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Polygraph Deception

George Maschke

Scholar
Joined
Aug 15, 2001
Messages
54
In this week's (26 Dec. 2003) newsletter, reader Shaun Bowen suggests that the FBI, CIA, and other U.S. government agencies might fully realize that the polygraph doesn't work for detecting lies, but use it instead as a kind of scarecrow for eliciting confessions.

As a co-founder of AntiPolygraph.org, I have been studying this question for some time. It is clear that governmental agencies in the U.S. do use the polygraph as an interrogational aid and promote belief in the polygraph (both amongst the public and their own employees).

However, it appears that those responsible for the U.S. government's reliance on the polygraph actually believe that it can detect lies. For example, shortly after the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) released its devastatingly critical report, The Polygraph and Lie Detection, Assistant Secretary of Defense John P. Stenbit circulated a memorandum to high-level Pentagon officials stating that the Department of Defense would continue to rely on the polygraph since it is "the best tool currently available to detect deception" (a characterization that Mr. Stenbit falsely attributed to the NAS, which said no such thing).

Indeed, the NAS warns at p. 221 of its report, "Federal officials need to be careful not to draw the wrong conclusions from negative [passing] polygraph test results. Our discussions with polygraph program and counterintelligence officials in several federal agencies suggest that there is a widespread belief in this community that someone who "passes" the polygraph is "cleared" of suspicion."

Randi is right when he states that the polygraph can be beaten. And you don't need the skills of a world class magician to beat the polygraph. You just need to understand the trickery on which the "test" is based. A brief explanation of how to beat the polygraph appears on the AntiPolygraph.org homepage, and a more detailed explanation is available in our e-book, The Lie Behind the Lie Detector (1 mb PDF). Like all information on AntiPolygraph.org, it's free:

 
George, I've been reading your posts for sometime and appreciate them. I was denied a job in the late '70's due to a polygraph. It wasn't a career changer, I just needed some money for school. According to the polygraph, I was a drug dealer.
At the tender age of 19, having a 40 year old man in your face shouting "have you ever dealt drugs?" will cause a reaction. I can't remember if I read that in your site George, but I've found that's a common tactic if they want you to fail. Lean forward and raise the voice a bit.
Nowadays, I'd rip the the guys b@lls off, stuff them in his ears, tear his tongue out and shove it up his @ss.
I'm not as nice now as I was when I was 19. Apologies to those offended.
 
Lisa said:

Nowadays, I'd rip the the guys b@lls off, stuff them in his ears, tear his tongue out and shove it up his @ss.
I'm not as nice now as I was when I was 19. Apologies to those offended.
Geezus, Lisa, what job were you applying for? Terminator? Governor of Cally-fornia?
See ya at TAM2.
Jeff and Ellen
 
Jeff, you ain't gonna believe this. I was applying as a clerk at Radio Shack.
 
At least it wasn't Walmart, where they sometimes give a polygraph test after asking to see your green card.
But Lisa, did you or Ed ever have to undergo this crap in your work in or with the military?
 
Jeff Corey said:
At least it wasn't Walmart, where they sometimes give a polygraph test after asking to see your green card.
But Lisa, did you or Ed ever have to undergo this crap in your work in or with the military?
No, I never had to go through that. I was interviewed once for a job with White House Communications. Let me state I did not want this job. I'm happily married, and did not want a detail that involved 300+ days a year TDY. I had a polygraph tester ask me if I'd be willing to subject to a test. I told him exactly what I thought of polygraphs, and discussed at length the stupidity of the people who administer them and believe in them. Warming to my subject, I compared polygraphs results with Ouija boards, Tarot, and reading chicken entrails.
I was asked to leave.
 
Lisa said:
I had a polygraph tester ask me if I'd be willing to subject to a test. I told him exactly what I thought of polygraphs, and discussed at length the stupidity of the people who administer them and believe in them. Warming to my subject, I compared polygraphs results with Ouija boards, Tarot, and reading chicken entrails.
I was asked to leave.

Strange that he didn't just whip out the scientific studies that show that polygraphs reveal whether people lie or not.

Now, why do you think he didn't just do that? :)
 
SteveGrenard said:
George ...

Whats your viewpoint on Farwell and his methods?

www.brainwavescience.com

I think it's important to note that the technique he has developed (a form of concealed information test) is something qualitatively different from lie detection. Concealed information testing seems to have a sound theoretical basis. I believe it shows promise and is deserving of further research.
 
George Maschke said:


I think it's important to note that the technique he has developed (a form of concealed information test) is something qualitatively different from lie detection. Concealed information testing seems to have a sound theoretical basis. I believe it shows promise and is deserving of further research.

I always thought it was a new and entirely different approach. It removes the human agency (e.g. interrogator) as well as honing in on EEG variables or ERPs (P-300) which seem beyond any sort conscious or chemical control. Thanks for your opinion on this.
 
The concept of a concealed information test is not new. David T. Lykken has described one called the "Guilty Knowledge Test" (GKT) that can be administered using a polygraph instrument. For an entertaining description of the technique, and how it might be administered in a criminal investigation, see "The Body on the Stairs: A Pedagogical Detective Story," Chapter 21 of A Tremor in the Blood: Uses and Abuses of the Lie Detector, (1st edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981). It may be downloaded as a 2.2 mb PDF file here:

http://antipolygraph.org/articles/article-037.pdf

Note that the GKT is, however, vulnerable to countermeasures.
 
More polygraph devices

Lie-detector glasses offer peek at future of security

By R. Colin Johnson

EE Times
January 16, 2004 (2:05 p.m. ET)



Portland, Ore. — It may not be long before you hear airport security screeners ask, "Do you plan on hijacking this plane?" A U.S. company using technology developed in Israel is pitching a lie detector small enough to fit in the eyeglasses of law enforcement officers, and its inventors say it can tell whether a passenger is a terrorist by analyzing his answer to that simple question in real-time.

The technology, developed by mathematician Amir Lieberman at Nemesysco in Zuran, Israel, for military, insurance claim and law enforcement use, is being repackaged and retargeted for personal and corporate applications by V Entertainment (New York).

"Our products were originally for law enforcement use — we get all our technology from Nemesys-co — but we need more development time [for that application]," said Dave Watson, chief operating officer of parent V LLC (www.vworldwide.com). "So we decided to come out sooner with consumer versions at CES."

The company showed plain sunglasses outfitted with the technology at the 2004 International CES in Las Vegas earlier this month. The system used green, yellow and red color codes to indicate a "true," "maybe" or "false" response. At its CES booth, V Entertainment analyzed the voices of celebrities like Michael Jackson to determine whether they were lying.

Besides lie detection, Watson said, the technology "can also measure for other emotions like anxiety, fear or even love." Indeed V Entertainment offers Pocket PC "love detector" software that can attach to a phone line or work from recorded tapes. It's available for download at www.v-entertainment.com. Instead of color-coded LEDs, a bar graph on the display indicates how much the caller to whom you are speaking "loves" you. V Entertainment claims the love detector has demonstrated 96 percent accuracy. A PC version is due next month.

The heart of Nemesysco's security-oriented technology is a signal-processing engine that is said to use more than 8,000 algorithms each time it analyzes an incoming voice waveform. In this way it detects levels of various emotional states simultaneously from the pitch and speed of the voice.

The law enforcement version achieved about 70 percent accuracy in laboratory trials, according to V Entertainment, and better than 90 percent accuracy against real criminal subjects at a beta test site at the U.S. Air Force's Rome Laboratories.

"It is very different from the common polygraph, which measures changes in the body, such as heart rate," said Richard Parton, V's chief executive officer. "We work off the frequency range of voice patterns instead of changes in the body." The company said that a state police agency in the Midwest found the lie detector 89 percent accurate, compared with 83 percent for a traditional polygraph.

The technology delivers not only a true/false reading, but a range of high-level parameters, such as "thinking level," which measures how much as subject has thought about an answer they give, and "SOS level," which assesses how badly a person doesn't want to talk about a subject.

How it works


Nemesysco's patented Poly-Layered Voice Analysis measures 18 parameters of speech in real-time for interrogators at police, military and secret-services agencies. According to Nemesysco, its accuracy as a lie detector has proven to be less important than its ability to more quickly pinpoint for interrogators where there are problems in a subject's story. Officers then can zero in much more quickly with their traditional interrogation techniques.

V Entertainment is leveraging the concept to let consumers in on the truth telling, eyeing such applications as a lie detector that could be used while watching, say, the 2004 presidential debates on TV.

Called Ex-Sense Pro, the V software measures voice for a variety of parameters including deception, excitement, stress, mental effort, concentration, hesitation, anger, love and lust. It works prerecorded, over the phone and live, the company said. V Entertainment recommends it for screening phone calls, checking the truthfulness of people with whom you deal or gauging romantic interest.

The display can show each measured parameter in a separate window, with real-time traces of instantaneous measurements while flashing the overall for each parameter, such as "false probable," "high stress" and "SOS." Ultimately, the company plans to offer versions of its detectors for cell phones, dating services, teaching aids, toys and games.
 
Re: More polygraph devices

Bottle or the Gun said:

The display can show each measured parameter in a separate window, with real-time traces of instantaneous measurements while flashing the overall for each parameter, such as "false probable," "high stress" and "SOS." Ultimately, the company plans to offer versions of its detectors for cell phones, dating services, teaching aids, toys and games.

This could be useful. A machine that tells how well someone can play poker.
 

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