Some of mine:
Netpbm - command-line tools for manipulating images; has some convenient intermediate formats.
ImageMagick - useful for making text on images from the command line.
Inkscape - open-source vector-graphics program; uses SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) as its document format. SVG does not support embedding image files, it must be said; they are external documents.
NCAR Graphics - big plotting software library that I once used to make maps of the US and its states.
Biggles -- plotting library with Python interface.
numarray - matrix operations and linear algebra with Python interface.
Netpbm - command-line tools for manipulating images; has some convenient intermediate formats.
ImageMagick - useful for making text on images from the command line.
Inkscape - open-source vector-graphics program; uses SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) as its document format. SVG does not support embedding image files, it must be said; they are external documents.
NCAR Graphics - big plotting software library that I once used to make maps of the US and its states.
Biggles -- plotting library with Python interface.
numarray - matrix operations and linear algebra with Python interface.