In a speech at the National Defense University, Washington DC, Barack Obama has set out new rules for US drone strikes.
A summary of the rules:
* Lethal force will not be used as punishment but "only to prevent or stop attacks against US persons, and even then, only when capture is not feasible and no other reasonable alternatives exist to address the threat effectively."
* Resorting to force must have a legal basis and "only against a target that poses a continuing, imminent threat to US persons. It is simply not the case that all terrorists pose a continuing, imminent threat to US persons; if a terrorist does not pose such a threat, the United States will not use lethal force."
* Before ordering lethal strikes, there must be: "near certainty" that the target is present; that civilian non-combatants will not be injured or killed; an assessment that capture is not feasible; an assessment the local government "cannot or will not effectively address the threat"; and an assessment that no other "reasonable alternatives exist" to address the threat.
* The US will respect "sovereignty and international law". The laws of war and international legal principles will "impose important constraints on the ability of the United States to act unilaterally - and on the way in which the United States can use force".
* If a terror suspect being targeted is identified as a US national, "the Department of Justice will conduct an additional legal analysis to ensure that such action may be conducted against the individual consistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States".
* The administration asserts a "reservation of authority". The new procedures for lethal strikes "do not limit the President's authority to take action in extraordinary circumstances when doing so is both lawful and necessary to protect the United States or its allies".
Is this fair and reasonable?
A summary of the rules:
* Lethal force will not be used as punishment but "only to prevent or stop attacks against US persons, and even then, only when capture is not feasible and no other reasonable alternatives exist to address the threat effectively."
* Resorting to force must have a legal basis and "only against a target that poses a continuing, imminent threat to US persons. It is simply not the case that all terrorists pose a continuing, imminent threat to US persons; if a terrorist does not pose such a threat, the United States will not use lethal force."
* Before ordering lethal strikes, there must be: "near certainty" that the target is present; that civilian non-combatants will not be injured or killed; an assessment that capture is not feasible; an assessment the local government "cannot or will not effectively address the threat"; and an assessment that no other "reasonable alternatives exist" to address the threat.
* The US will respect "sovereignty and international law". The laws of war and international legal principles will "impose important constraints on the ability of the United States to act unilaterally - and on the way in which the United States can use force".
* If a terror suspect being targeted is identified as a US national, "the Department of Justice will conduct an additional legal analysis to ensure that such action may be conducted against the individual consistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States".
* The administration asserts a "reservation of authority". The new procedures for lethal strikes "do not limit the President's authority to take action in extraordinary circumstances when doing so is both lawful and necessary to protect the United States or its allies".
Is this fair and reasonable?