This is a bit of a pet issue for me. I've tried to come at it from an unbiased/skeptical attitude, so let me know if you disagree and why

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Firstly, to be open, I have my Possesion/Acquistion License and currently own several non-restricted "long-guns" and have owned restricted weapons.
I believe licensing is a practical and effective method of firearms control. It forbids anyone with a crimnal record from legally obtaining a firearm and reduces firearm deaths by complusory training. You also know that everyone at the firing range with a PAL has been cleared by the government, so IMHO generally speaking, firearms owners are more trustworthy.
The "long gun" registry (bit a of misnomer) hasn't been proven effective at reducing crime and has been ridiciously expensive. I believe Canadian tax dollars are being wasted and more effective methods of reducing crime can be used (more police for example).
Well, the recent RCMP report suggests it's being run fairly effectively. I can't speak about how onerous the conditions are for registering a gun, but I don't imagine they're likely to deter anyone who wants to buy a gun and go hunting. I was at a gun show a few weeks ago, and they were doing the PAL tests there (possession and acquisition license- what you need to buy a gun and ammo) and I was told that I could take the test, pass the test, and buy a gun and walk out of the building that day.
Registering a gun can be an easy process but it depends a variety of factors such as type of weapon classification, the Chief Firearms Officer you're dealing with or the politics at the time. Firearms safety isn't complicated, and most people can grasp it quite readily. I sincerely doubt that you would able to take the PAL test, and buy a gun the same day. You have to provide quite a bit more information to qualify for a license. Required forms are included in link: rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/information/lic-per-eng.htm
Personally my PAL took about a month to process.
It was costly to set up, but the annual cost of running it is very small (4m per year).
In terms of crime, it is hard to say specifically whether or not it has reduced crime, but the police certainly seem to make extensive use of it in responding to domestic situations.
Do you have a source of the 4m dollar figure? I've heard this thrown around the media but I can't find the initial report.
One of the statistics that supporters like to throw about is the number of times the registry is checked on a daily basis. However, I do have to question how useful it is. Quite often checks are done as a mater of protocol (in situations where there is no risk of 'domestic violence'.)
Another issue is just how much a police officer will depend on the registry before going into a domestic situation. After all, I figure any police officer to be trained to expect the possibility of gun violence during any domestic dispute, regardless of what the registry says, and the registry might even prove to be counter productive (i.e. giving officers a false sense of security).
(from wikipedia so add a grain of salt)en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_registry#Effects_on_public_safety
Usage
The RCMP Canadian Firearms Program produces a quarterly report called Facts and Figures. The information most often quoted in the media is the total number of queries, in the section entitled Average Daily Queries to the CFRO (Canadian Firearms Registry On-line). This number is what is commonly used to determine how often the registry is accessed by police officers. Changes to the system and the level of automation have resulted in the total number of queries increasing dramatically since the RCMP began tracking these numbers in 2003.
2003 - 1,813; 2004 - 2,087; 2005 - 4,091; 2006 - 6,591; 2007 - 6,973; 2008 - 9,408; 2009 - 11,086; 2010 - 14,012[22]
As of June 2010, the CFRO is reportedly accessed 14,012 times per day. Only 530 (3.7%) of those "hits" are specific to firearms registration (licence number, serial number and certificate number)[23]. The remaining 13,482 (96.3%) are automatically generated every time an address is checked or a license plate is verified.
The specific registry hits are not limited to use by police officers and also include legal sales of firearms. Every time a firearm is legally purchased, 3 hits are generated on the CFRO - one for the buyer, one for the seller, and one for the firearm.
There is no reliable information to suggest how many times per day police officers intentionally access the firearms registry.
All valid points.
However, until a better evaluation framework is established I'm fairly content to go with the opinion of the police on this one. If the cops' associations are saying the registry helps keep them (and others) safer, then I'll take that at face value until some metrics can be produced to show that the added benefit of the registry is outweighed by the annual operating costs of teh program.
Isn't that the opposite of skepticism? I think the police bear the burden of proof in demonstrating the efficacy of the registry. If the tazer controversy has taught us anything, it's that the police aren't exactly an unbiased source of information.
Paper on the Registry
http://www.sfu.ca/~mauser/papers/forum/FF-gundeaths.pdf
Any differenation between the various types of Long Guns?
I can see why you might want it for a AK 47/74 or an M16, but it might be more trouble then it is worth for a Kentucky Rifle or a Brown Bess, or even a bolt action deer rifle.
http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/cfp-pcaf/faq/index-eng.htm#a1
As mentioned before "long gun" is a bit of a misnomer. Conservatives want to scrap the non-restricted firearms registry. All the parties play politics with this issue.
Q3. What are the different classes of firearms?
A3. There are three classes of firearms: non-restricted, restricted and prohibited.
Non-restricted firearms are ordinary rifles and shotguns, other than those referred to below.
Restricted firearms include:
* handguns that are not prohibited;
* semi-automatic, centre-fire rifles and shotguns with a barrel shorter than 470 mm;
* rifles and shotguns that can be fired when their overall length has been reduced by folding, telescoping or other means to less than 660 mm; and
* firearms restricted by Criminal Code Regulations.
Prohibited firearms include:
* handguns with a barrel length of 105 mm or less and handguns that discharge .25 or .32 calibre ammunition, except for a few specific ones used in International Shooting Union competitions;
* rifles and shotguns that have been altered by sawing or other means so that their barrel length is less than 457 mm or their overall length is less than 660 mm;
* full automatics;
* converted automatics, namely full automatics that have been altered so that they fire only one projectile when the trigger is squeezed; and
* firearms prohibited by Criminal Code Regulations.
Basically my position is that the registry has completely failed it's stated objective: to reduce crime.