The
Waffle House Index is an informal
metric used by the
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to determine the effect of a storm and the likely scale of assistance required for disaster recovery.
[1]
"
If you get there and the Waffle House is closed? That's really bad. That's when you go to work."
[2]
The index has three levels, based on the extent of operations and service at the restaurant following a storm:
[2][3]
- GREEN: full menu - restaurant has power and damage is limited.
- YELLOW: limited menu - no power or only power from a generator, or food supplies may be low.
- RED: the restaurant is closed - indicating severe damage.
The term was coined by FEMA Administrator
Craig Fugate in May 2011, following the
2011 Joplin tornado; when the two Waffle House restaurants in the city remained open.
[4][5]
The measure is based on the reputation of the
Waffle House restaurant chain for staying open during extreme weather and for reopening quickly, albeit sometimes with a limited menu, after very severe weather events such as
tornadoes or
hurricanes. Waffle House, along with other chains, such as
Home Depot,
Walmart, and
Lowe's, which do a significant proportion of their business in the southern US where there is a frequent risk of hurricanes, have good
risk management and
disaster preparedness. Because of this, and a cut-down menu prepared for times when there is no power or limited supplies, the Waffle House Index rarely reaches the red level.
[4][2]
The Waffle House Index sits alongside more formal measures of wind, rainfall, and other weather information, such as the
Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, which are used to indicate the intensity of a storm.
[2]
On Thursday October 6th 2016, the index reached red when all Waffle House restaurants on Florida's I-95 between Titusville and Fort Pierce were closed. This was caused by
Hurricane Matthew ravaging Caribbean islands and the east coast of the United States.
[6]