Well the one medicine that shows up I google for the Amazonian's ancient culture contribution to pharmacology... is Ayahuasca. Do you have other examples of compounds used in medicine that comes from analyzing ancient amazonian remedies?
not at my fingertips. we both have access to Google. I can point you to 'The Cosmic Serpent'. Jeremy Narby goes into some detail there. Also the book 'Singing to the Plants' has some great information. I do know that an unusually large number of our western pharmacology comes from the Amazonian medicines - something like 60%. Don't have that full list.
I meant regular observation, as in observing nature and its attributes, looking at animal behavior, looking at how nature does things. With the naked eye, in a sober state. You can't not do it when you are surrounded by nature.
oh sure, the 'set' - not denying that - but ritual, chanting, and various methods of altering consciousness have played a role in virtually all cultures, so we have to include that.
And maybe shamans were not performing experiments with control groups, but don't you think that they could have tried things on sick people until something works?
sure, I think that is most likely, but what 'things' were they trying and where did they get the idea to try them? Now we can project what we believe they must have done so it fits nicely into our western paradigm, or we can also ask them how they discover things and deconstruct that process.
That's a method that has to eventually yield some result, if you extend the experiment over generations, hundreds of years.
sure, it fits into the 'trial and error' model of what we know. My point is not to disgard what we know, but to also try to 'see' what they mean from their POV as well. It's not just because it is a respectful approach, it is because it is a valuable approach in obtaining knowledge.
Yeah it would be quite disrespectful of me to suggest that all there is to those rituals is getting high and doing weird stuff. Since the beginning of the discussion I think I made it clear that I don't oppose that such practices can be beneficial at a social and spiritual level, and I'm not disputing the positive consequences of that may emerge from them.
yes, you have made that clear and I accept your honesty here.
Let's go away from the examples of pharmacology and consciousness for a moment and talk about something more basic. Namely, fire. It is not presumptuous to declare that we have the phenomenon of fire 100% figured out nowadays. Fire is not alive, it is not spiritual, it is a chemical reaction. Before science could model and predict it with accuracy, stories that depicted fire as a character that breathes and eats, that purify and is related to what goes on in the sun were the main source of information. Our ancestors could deduce as much through observation but couldn't discover what we know today about the phenomenon of combustion, hence the tales.
Those tales were the best source of actually useful information about fire at the time, and as a simile it is still a good way to illustrate how a fire behaves to a young kid. We still use action verbs like 'choking a fire' or 'drowning a fire' or 'sleeping fire' because they are instantly understandable and true in the figurative sense.
But to still subscribe today to the belief that fire is alive in the same way we are and has a spirit with which one can communicate is not very sustainable. Walking on burning coals is a ritual that can benefit you personally and spiritually, but we know how it works (Mythbusters did it).
Maybe I would believe otherwise if I talked with fire in a trance, but I would be wrong.
I follow your point, just so you know. it's fine to dive in and try to experience things as they appear while they are happening. We can sift through and edit the experience into true and false after the fact. It's the distinction between being 'stuck in our head' as opposed to 'surrendering to the experience of being that transcend language'.
