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How reliable is Graphology?

...Right! and psychology can never be in the absolute certainty section whereas physics, biology, chemistry and others can....
Never? I think the species survives long enough, we will do much better. I don't think those other scientists would be comfortable with the claim of "absolute certainty", either.
 
I think we have to be careful when we say that any branch of science "can never be" anything lest that person ends up in the famous quotes section of some encyclopedia some day.

There were a lot of people who said we would never learn to fly.
 
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I'm saying never because psychology is subjective. When dealing with living creatures it is impossible to predict their behavior in all cases every time.

Regards,
Yair
 
But I believe that Mercutio and Jeff Corey are saying that statement is not correct. Experimental Psychology is not subjective.

And you haven't been around my dogs at feeding time...I can predict their behavior all the time.
 
I found this study from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem which is a well respected university:
http://www.personal.psu.edu/krm10/PSY597SP07/BenShakhar%20graphology.pdf

Here are some excerpts:
"Discussion: None of the graphologists who participated in Experiment 2
was able to predict a writer's profession from a standard handwritten
script to a significant degree. Indeed, their mean probability
of making a correct prediction only exceeded that of a
chance prediction model by 0.06, and the largest probability
increment was 0.13 (for E). Because five graphologists took part
in the study, the probability that at least one of them would
achieve a significant level of correct predictions purely by
chance is approximately 0.25. Thus, even a higher rate of correct
guesses by one graphologist out of the five would not have
constituted sufficient evidence to establish even that graphologist's
prediction ability without further replication and cross
validation, and certainly our results fail to support a correspondence
between graphological signs and professional suitability."

And here's their explanation for their poor success rate:

"....After being confronted with their own poor performance,
some of our graphologists protested that our criterion was not
really a fair one, because one's actual occupation does not necessarily
reflect one's professional tendencies."

"....
On the face of it, handwriting analysis looks like an excellent
candidate for personality assessment. It seems to have all of the
right characteristics from a substantive point of view: The analysis
relies on a sample of self-generated and expressive individual
behavior (Allport & Vernon, 1933). Handwriting is rich
enough in features and attributes to afford it the requisite scope
for expressing the richness of personalities. It is as unique
as personalities,......
Closer scrutiny of these features reveals them to be flawed.....".

So as for my original question, I think the answer is a clear "non-reliable".

Regards,
Yair


They use the term "handwriting analysis" which I understood to be comparitive study of handwriting vis a particular individual. Different to graphology. Possibly this is why people are surprised to learn that graphology is bunk; just like those who think homoeopathy=natural remedies or astrology=astronomy.
 
Hi Big_Les. I'm curious to know, is there a Small_Les? :p

Regards,
Yair
 
There sure is. I can show him to you, but last time I did that I got arrested...
 
Just for clarification, Meteorology is not classical physics. It is in the Geophysics realm and still has many unknowns. It is a progressive science. Once ALL the unknowns are discovered and computer models will be able to run on computers, I believe it will be possible to predict the weather to a very accurate degree. And I don't want to repeat myself but psychology will never be that accurate no matter how much it progresses.
So, you have faith (I use the term because you believe this in the absence of evidence) that the unknowns will be discovered in Meteorology? Why do you believe this? Others have called weather a "chaotic system"; do you disagree with them?
Right! and psychology can never be in the absolute certainty section whereas physics, biology, chemistry and others can.
So, do you have an a priori belief in free will? Why do you suggest that the unknowns are any less knowable here?
I'm not forgetting my error bars...ever. They are found in the experimental realm of my occupation. But my theoretical models have no error bars. They are theoretical based on well established theory proven to be absolute correct. For example, a field that I work in is electromagnetics. The Maxwell equations along with all other equations like Fresnel, Snell's law and others describe the theoretical world to the absolute degree. My errors arise when I experiment but I've covered that already before, a few posts back.
"I can use Rescorla & Wagner's equations to describe theoretical behavior. Of course, in the experimental realm, there are error bars." Cool! as long as I separate out the real world from the theoretical one, my theoretical predictions are perfect too!
In electromagnetics for example, as long as I have a strong enough computer, I can predict the outcome results to a tee (is that how you say it? I want to say very precise) because there are no unknowns in this field. It is just a complex system which should be taken care of by a strong enough computer system.
I don't know your area well enough, so could you please clarify one thing--when you say you can predict outcome results to a tee, are you making this claim for the theoretical world, or the experimental world? In the experimental world, do you have to make allowances for, say geophysical EMR, or sunspots, or whatever? (Again, I don't know your area, so if these are completely out in left field I apologize, and ask that if there actually are extraneous variables that are not under your experimental control, use those instead.)
Regards,
Yair
Disclaimer--the "psychology" mentioned by Caius Textor earlier in this thread is not experimental psychology--it is theory-driven, not evidence-driven. This is not a "no true Scotsman" argument; there are clear differences between experimental psychology and the pop psychology promoting itself so well. There are areas of "psychology" where I will agree with you 100%--humanistic psych, for instance, will never be able to explain human behavior (in part because an axiomatic assumption of free will on their part precludes examination of relevant environmental variables, and because circularly inferred causes are reified, but can never be evidenced--imagine a physics that considers itself incomplete because it cannot locate in an object the source of the "desire to fall" that is part of gravity).

But I am under no illusions that physics is represented by "what the **** do we know?" And none should be under the illusion that experimental psychology is what you learn by watching Dr. Phil.
 
Here's a way to get a guaranteed 1.0 correlation (that's pretty close to certainty!) every time:

Give 100000's of people an IQ test. Score it. Break them into groups:

10,000 people all scoring 80
10,000 people all scoring 90
...100; 110; 120.


Next, correlate mean GPAs for each group.

I guarantee you'd certainly get a 1.0 correlation and this would happen for as many times as you cared to try replicating the study.
 
Not really related, there is also the discipline of "Forensic Graphology". This does not concern itself at all with examining personality traits.
Instead, it attempts to resolve the question of whether a particular document or signature was produced by a particular individual.
It examines cases of forgery, and deals with the authentication of documents.
 
Bikewer said:
Not really related, there is also the discipline of "Forensic Graphology". This does not concern itself at all with examining personality traits.
Instead, it attempts to resolve the question of whether a particular document or signature was produced by a particular individual.
It examines cases of forgery, and deals with the authentication of documents.
Yes you're right and I believe it is as reliable as fingerprint matching.

Regards,
Yair
 
Not really related, there is also the discipline of "Forensic Graphology". This does not concern itself at all with examining personality traits.
Instead, it attempts to resolve the question of whether a particular document or signature was produced by a particular individual.
It examines cases of forgery, and deals with the authentication of documents.

Right discipline, wrong name. I work professionally with a number of "forensic document examiners" and they get right pissy if you call them "graphologists," precisely because of the problems associated with graphology.

I've never heard the term "forensic graphology" used to describe document examination (although there is apparently at least one document examinier in the UK who found that to be a convenient web address).

As to the accuracy -- no, it's not as accurate as fingerprint matching, but it's still pretty good. And it says nothing about personality traits or such-like. Document examiners will typically not even testify about things like "this is a woman's handwriting," precisely because such statements cannot be made with acceptable accuracy.
 
I thought it was fairly well established that people could tell the difference between male and female handwriting-- not perfectly (perhaps not enough to meet a court's burden of proof) but statistically better than chance.

I could be wrong...
 
Psychology cannot predict events in 100% of the cases (I think much less than that) and is not in line with hypotheses proven by experiment since it is not 100% accurate.

Chemists cannot predict 100% of the products in their reactions, and few reactions give 100% of one product.

Is a chemical reaction experiment not scientific because it doesn't give 100% of one answer?

Statistical approaches can be scientific.

So what's the limitation on psychology? You can say there are so many factors that we can't know and can't control for so that it is impossible to make exact predictions about how any given individual will respond. But if that is the case, it is no different from something like statistical mechanics, which says, we don't have enough information to describe individual cases, but we can still describe the bulk behavior pretty well. Statistical methods, such as stat mech and phase space theory cover the behavior of large samples very well despite the fact that they are unable to say much about the behavior of a single component.

You make a mistake in thinking that all sciences are 100%. In a chemical reaction, it is not possible to predict the outcome for any single molecule. However, you can look at the overall sample and say things like, the products will be 80% X and 20% Y. But which molecules go to X and which go to Y you don't know. Similarly, psychology could say that under certain circumstances, 80% of people will do X and 20% will do Y. If this is a repeatable experiment (and there are many of these types of things in psych), then it is just as scientific.
 
In electromagnetics for example, as long as I have a strong enough computer, I can predict the outcome results to a tee (is that how you say it? I want to say very precise) because there are no unknowns in this field. It is just a complex system which should be taken care of by a strong enough computer system.

Regards,
Yair
Take three magnets, hang them on strings close enough together so that the forces between them are evident. Pull one back and let it go. You cannot write a computer simulation that will predict this system's behavior accurately. The problem is that is chaotic and even the tiniest differences in the initial conditions will be magnified. You cannot know the initial conditions well enough to predict its future.

Compare to psychology. You cannot know the initial conditions. In fact your knowledge is far worse than it is in the 3 body problem described above, thus any predicitions for future behavior will not be 100% accurate. This does not make psychology less of a science than electromagnetics. It makes it a less accurate science.

IXP
 
Graphology qualifies for Randi's prize, if that helps-- the only thing people can tell better than chance from handwriting is gender. Not personality.

One can have a fair bash at nationality. Compare French and British handwriting styles.

I did decide in my teens, that as some interviewers believed in this, it was a good idea to tailor my handwriting slightly towards the "dynamic potential leader" style.

Utter codswallop*

*I always think this is more obscene than it sounds...
 
IXP said:
Take three magnets, hang them on strings close enough together so that the forces between them are evident. Pull one back and let it go. You cannot write a computer simulation that will predict this system's behavior accurately. The problem is that is chaotic and even the tiniest differences in the initial conditions will be magnified. You cannot know the initial conditions well enough to predict its future.
The problem with what you are describing does not relate to what I was saying because I was talking about a theoretical computer model in which at given specific boundary values and specific material permittivity and permeability and tan(delta) for both values and so on and on and on and on. Everything is known! In known physics (I repeat known physics) we know the relevant laws of nature and can predict the outcome of a known model.

[SIZE=2 said:
pgwenthold[/SIZE]]Chemists cannot predict 100% of the products in their reactions, and few reactions give 100% of one product.
I'm no expert in chemistry but I haven't heard of a field which is known (I repeat known) in chemistry which cannot accurately predict the outcome of an experiment. Oh and thinking that we can predict which atom goes where is a little more than I was talking about. This goes into the quantom mechanics realm which is not all known....yet.

Regards,
Yair
 

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