The Nails Could Litterally have saved the Lincolns from Freezing to death in the Indiana Cold. Lincolns survived on game, mostly that winter in Indiana as grain has to keep the Oxen and Cow alive.
I also don't believe a Slave is going to give away food in a Year when people including the Masters are starving without asking the Master first.
Since the Weatherbolt's were politicians, that makes me also not believe the 1930s story. Just wish I could find proof, I know New Orleans was Flooded that year but it was in the spring not winter. Just was wondering which story was true.
Assuming the tale is true I will respond.
The nails were probably pay for services rendered at the end of his stay. They would be for a future home. Was Pate cash short? He was a smithy.
The Pate family saved the poor Lincoln family by giving shelter and food for the duration of a crisis. In exchange for being his servants during said time frame.
Lincoln owning multiple livestock while in need of help is questionable. Maybe a single oxen to pull his second hand and much repaired wagon?
Multiple livestock is as likely as his Caddilac Escalade he couldn't drive as it was too heavy for the ferry raft.
We have no information the Pate family held slaves. We can assume others did in the area or that an unused cabin was available nearby. Thus shelter.
Back to reality...
It's all probable assumptions. The day to day lives of illiterate labor class men were not documented.
Weather in a given area can be traced back to nearly year by year by newspapers or tree rings, whatever survived to be read at least.
Rural areas it's tougher to get said information.
Without authentic documents we have tales. The early life of George Washington or his manservant are equally obscure. And probably as boring. Do we care where they took a dump at 4 years old?