CapelDodger
Penultimate Amazing
1. Evidence can explain things
2. Statistics is science
3. Economics is science
Evidence explains nothing, it's passive, it just sits there and gets observed. Explanations - hypotheses, theories, the case for the prosecution/defence, whatever - explain evidence.
Statistics is scientific, but not a science. Economics is not scientific, it's more akin to history (which is also not scientific).
And lastly, climate science does in fact rely heavily on statistics.
http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11175&page=12
"Climate is conventionally defined as the long-term statistics of the weather (e.g., temperature, cloudiness, precipitation). "
That's a definition of climate, not of climate science. Climate science is concerned with explaining the observed climate. (More properly, observed climates, since it has other planets to work with.) Those explanations are drawn from, and so are fully integrated with, the wider sphere of science - thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, fluid dynamics, to name but a few.
"The study of the climate system is, to a large extent, the study of the statistics of weather
."
(My emphasis)
Given that climate is conventionally defined as the long-term statistics of weather (see above) this boils down to "the study of climate is the study of climate".
pervasive
per•va•sive
adjective
Definition:
present everywhere: spreading widely or present throughout something
Synonyms: all-encompassing, enveloping, invasive, omnipresent
Arithmetic is pervasive in economics, but economics as a discipline does not rely heavily on arithmetic. Economics is a body of theories that attempt to explain what the arithmetic reveals. These theories draw on a wider sociological discipline (which includes history) concerned with human behaviour.
Climate science is a body of theories that attempt to explain the observed statistics of weather (aka the climate) by reference to established science. Cake science (it exists; cakes and pastries are a massive business) is a body of theories yadda yadda. There's nothing intrinsically special about climate science. Or cake science.
Beer science is another matter entirely, of course.