Some counterfactual statements -- "If I had gone out in the rain I would have gotten wet" -- are easy to evaluate, roughly speaking, because they're describing things in a (fictional) "possible world" close enough to the actual world for us to imagine how things are there.
The problem is that countefactual statements that ask us to evaluate a possible world that's far away from the actual world -- in this case, one where Bush's African aid policies are radically different -- it is very hard to imagine whether there would be 10,000,000 more, or less, or the same number, of African lives saved.
If I *had* to guess, I would say that Bush's generous African aid probably did save many lives, but the 10,000,000 lives claim is probably an overstatement. But who knows? Maybe his policies actually made no difference or made things worse. Or maybe he saved not 10,000,000, but 50,000,000 lives. We don't know and, obviously, cannot know.
What bothers me is that when counterfactual statements that are no more realistic are made which make Bush look bad, THAT is instantly accepted as "fact": "If Bush hadn't done X millions of lives would be saved" is evaluated, in effect, with the same certainty as "If Bush had gone out in the rain he would have gotten wet".
The problem is that countefactual statements that ask us to evaluate a possible world that's far away from the actual world -- in this case, one where Bush's African aid policies are radically different -- it is very hard to imagine whether there would be 10,000,000 more, or less, or the same number, of African lives saved.
If I *had* to guess, I would say that Bush's generous African aid probably did save many lives, but the 10,000,000 lives claim is probably an overstatement. But who knows? Maybe his policies actually made no difference or made things worse. Or maybe he saved not 10,000,000, but 50,000,000 lives. We don't know and, obviously, cannot know.
What bothers me is that when counterfactual statements that are no more realistic are made which make Bush look bad, THAT is instantly accepted as "fact": "If Bush hadn't done X millions of lives would be saved" is evaluated, in effect, with the same certainty as "If Bush had gone out in the rain he would have gotten wet".