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Childbirth questions

Secondly, not to be contrary, but from what you wrote about the nurse and the patient you sound like the interfering one. You said the woman wanted a natural childbirth, and to me it sounds like the nurse was trying to encourage her to do that, while you were insistent she have the epidural catheter placed.

This sounds alot like someone in favor of homeopathy or some other practice that is contrary to evidence based medicine, defeding people who challange them and their beliefs.

So where do you draw the distintion between say natural child birth and reflexology and homeopathy?
 
Dr. Imago, those two papers you reference - I have the impression from what you've quoted that at least one of them was comparing an epi in early labour vs. an epi in late labour - which doesn't address the issue of whether epis raise the c-section rate at all, because for that you need to compare epis vs natural. Does the other paper address that issue more directly?

It looks like both are comparing timing (and maybe types) of analgesia. I haven't looked at the data in a long time -- after the first baby, I just stuck with the same plan. I remember reading about studies that compare epi to natural, regarding all interventions (pitocin augmentation, episiotomy, vacuum, c-section). It's complicated by the fact that most labors (at least the ones they should be comparing) start as natural, and maybe the same factors that cause a woman to choose an epidural along the way also figure into the later complications.

I always end up at the same conclusion in these discussions -- I'm glad I chose and managed as I did, but there are too many variables to pretend that my opinion is an objective and thorough assessment that would apply to any woman. I applaud stealpik for gathering as much data as he can in supporting his wife's needs.
 
It looks like both are comparing timing (and maybe types) of analgesia. I haven't looked at the data in a long time -- after the first baby, I just stuck with the same plan. I remember reading about studies that compare epi to natural, regarding all interventions (pitocin augmentation, episiotomy, vacuum, c-section). It's complicated by the fact that most labors (at least the ones they should be comparing) start as natural, and maybe the same factors that cause a woman to choose an epidural along the way also figure into the later complications.

Why would when something is administered have no effect on complications but administering it have an effect?

That seems like a rather odd position, as if it had an effect more or later should change that effect.
 
Ok, update on coupling series 5.

My information was very old, but as it stands BBC did commision a series 5, and Steven Moffat, who is now doing Doctor Who, did say he was interested in doing more.

But BBC have not been able to get the cast assembled.. Sorry for the false hope, i didn't know till know that it had bombed out(though the information has been out there for a long long time).

http://www.gallifreyone.net/forum/showthread.php?t=16931&page=4 <- reg required.
http://www.radioandtelly.co.uk/cgi-bin/forum/YaBB.pl?num=1111795177 <- less info, but no reg required.

Sorry guys, ed DAMNIT. :(

Note: in an attempt to salvage something a christmas special was in the works, but that too bombed out.

Steven Moffat have said some of what would have happened in series 5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupling_(TV_series)#Post-show_story_provided_by_Moffatt


You know, it did occur to me that I accepted your statement about season 5 without asking for any evidence. How embarrassing for me to do that here. :)
 
Why would when something is administered have no effect on complications but administering it have an effect?
Speaking generally, perhaps because the thing had some effect that didn't vary based on when it was administered.

That seems like a rather odd position, as if it had an effect more or later should change that effect.
I don't understand this statement.

I'm not trying to beat some anti-epidural drum here, but I completely disagree with your logic, and have to address that.

I understood (right or wrong) that having an epidural increases the chances of successive interventions (not complications, just interventions).

*If* these two studies are only comparing complication/intervention rates in a population of women who all received epidurals, then they provide zero information about epidurals as compared to unmedicated births.

Extrapolating from studies that compare early and late epidural effects to conclusions about epidurals in general is over-reaching your data.
 
childbirth questions

hey stealpick,
congratulations and good luck!. i had my gorgeous daughter 4 months ago and you're in for an awesome time. she's sat on my lap as i type this ( we're bringing her up in the church of scepticalia :) ). its interesting to read all the replies to your post, i know when i was pregnant EVERYONE seemed to have an opinion on what was best. there's also an awful lot of woo surrounding birth and pregnancy ( the amount of crap i read about how acupuncture can turn a breach baby, or homeopathy for pain relief) the whole concept of natural birth seems to have become something of a doctrine for the altie brigade. theres also a lot of pressure on women to have this "perfect" birth experience otherwise you're harming your baby in some ill defined way,
leading to a lot of women feeling like failures for "giving in" and having pain relief. i had to be induced due to gestational diabetes so all my plans for a "natural" labour went out the window. once the drip went in i went straight into full on labour without any build up (contractions every 2 minutes). very painful, tried the gas , the pethidine, then, just like susan in coupling- " get me a ***** epidural!!!!" i could still feel my legs and was able to push without difficulty. 15 minutes later my beautiful girl arrived, no forceps, no ceaserean. happy lively baby and i was able to walk straight afterwards. my whole labour was only 3 hours in total. i would definately consider an epidural again ( this is from a women whose whole birth plan constituted " i never want an epi!").
my only advice would be to not get too hung up on some fantasy "perfect birth". be aware of all the options, dont rule anything out and be kind to yourselves. again, good luck!
 
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my only advice would be to not get too hung up on some fantasy "perfect birth". be aware of all the options, dont rule anything out and be kind to yourselves. again, good luck!

So true!

In retrospect, my firstborn should have been a ceasarian. But we will never know if his large head getting stuck was actually part of his getting seizures two days later. Fortunately, the other two had smaller heads. :boggled:
 
ponderingturtle said:
This sounds alot like someone in favor of homeopathy or some other practice that is contrary to evidence based medicine, defeding people who challange them and their beliefs.

So where do you draw the distintion between say natural child birth and reflexology and homeopathy?
About where you'd draw the line between career planning and astrology. I know, it's completely meaningless.

Let's take a step back.

dissonance felt that maybe Dr. Imago was interfering in this patient's wishes by encouraging an epidural, while the nurse was supporting the patient's wishes by encouraging natural childbirth. I don't know who was "right" -- I wasn't there. But dissonance having an opinion about the situation, and the nurse defending the patient's right to opt out of pain relief, are NOT the same as someone defending alternative therapies.

Natural childbirth (in this context) is about opting out of pain relief during labor. That's it. No rejection of proven therapies for woo-woo nonsense, just choosing not to get the pain relief. Unless you are telling me that there is evidence suggesting that epidurals produce better outcomes than natural childbirth, in which case, I eagerly await your citations.

But really -- comparing natural childbirth to reflexology and homeopathy -- where is that coming from?
 
Lots of good advice and some er whatever advice here but allow me to echo some of it for emphasis. Regardless of what you decide, be prepared for it not to go the way you imagined. So be prepared for alternate plans.

It's nice to want a natural birth but so many things can change that. Labor may not progress and pitocin needed which makes contractions more painful. Labor can go on a long time and one's pain tolerance decreases. And so on. Just be sure not to get so set on what you imagine the birth process will be like that you aren't ready to change your plans if the process isn't what you imagine.

I imagined a three hour labor since my Mom had 3 three hour labors. Mine was literally 56 hours, started Friday and I delivered Monday afternoon. And impatient doctors tend to increase that pit drip which really hurts. But then the baby was exhausted as well as I was so by that time I didn't care, just needed to finish. It took forceps and tears and a follow up bladder repair surgery. If I had known I would have demanded a C-section by that Sunday.
 
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Secondly, not to be contrary, but from what you wrote about the nurse and the patient you sound like the interfering one. You said the woman wanted a natural childbirth, and to me it sounds like the nurse was trying to encourage her to do that, while you were insistent she have the epidural catheter placed.

Okay to be contrary (and bitchy, when necessary). :)

The point is (and details I hadn't included beforehand) that I had discussed all the options at length with this patient before the nurse interfered. She (the patient) had had an epidural for her first delivery with very satisfactory results. It's not that she didn't want the option of having an epidural for this one. She wanted it as "back-up" in case she couldn't handle the pain, but wasn't completely sure that she couldn't at the time we discussed it. I totally respected that, and this is why I offered to place one - discussed at length prior to this particular nurse's interloping - without putting any medication in it if/when/until the time came she felt she needed it.

Please understand that an epidural can be placed without any medication, except for the small "test dose" used to confirm placement, which is equivalent to having no epidural at all. The difference between putting the catheter (and not necessarily the medication) in early versus late boils down to someone having a somewhat uncomfortable procedure without the background of progressing contraction pain and someone having a somewhat uncomfortable procedure amidst painful contractions late in the labor when you are then faced with trying to play "catch up" against the contraction pains. I've done it both ways. Early placement is far better than late both for the patient as well as the performing anesthetist.

Again, we discussed the options at length, and I believed that the patient understood this at the time it was explained. Then the nurse intervened much later, did not understand (or hear) the prior doctor-patient conversation, and subsequently served to do nothing more than unncessarily confuse the patient, a job that was actually counter to her perceived role as a "patient advocate" (the term she threw out later when I tried to educate her on what exactly placement of a "dry" epidural meant). Turns out the patient had unexpectedly severe pain from her contractions, as I anticipated when I interviewed and assessed her as "hyperalgesic", and decided that she wanted the epidural dosed.

This is not a matter of supervening the patient's wishes, but instead using education and experience to know when the best time to advocate for and help someone choose to make the right decision. It is amazing how quickly one can be undermined and confused by bad information given by a supposed "advocate" and perceived authority figure on the healthcare team.

In fact, just today I had another patient who was on her third child and did not want an epidural (hadn't had one for the first two). Completely fine. She knew and understood what she was in for. And, I completely respected that. But, I still interviewed and assessed her in case (1) she later changed her mind, and (2) she needed to be taken to the OR urgently for a spinal if she failed to progress and required a cesarian. That is my job: to medically assess and then lay out the best course of action for a particular patient, given their wishes and intercurrent illnesses (etc.), which is based on my clinical impressions along my experience and training. It is not to force people to do things they don't want to do. But, part of being a doctor is also educating (look up the etymology of the word "doctor") as well as advoacting in the best interests for a patient. Sadly, I'm already far enough along in my post-graduate training to have learned the hard lesson that earning the respect of and often battling the personal, anecdotal opinions of certain "seasoned" nursing staff is nothing more than one of the many daily challenges facing a resident.

-Dr. Imago
 
Question for Dr. Imago
Once a woman has had pain killers (such as an epidural) is she confined to lying on her back?

There is such a thing as "walking epidurals". Basically, the concentration of the medication is much lower, and you don't get as much motor blockade in the lower half of the body. Likewise, we typically use lower amounts of medication during the first stage of labor. But, practically, we don't let women walk very much after any type of pain medication is given. This is more a medicolegal thing than anything else. There are already a LOT of lawsuits (at least in the U.S.) based upon, a lot of times incorrectly in my opinion, people being injured when on pain meds whether or not it was actually the fault of the pain medication.


If she has had no pain killers can she move around and give birth in any position she finds comfortable?

This is a better question for an obstetrician, but typically the patient sits in the same bed they are monitored in at about a semi-recumbent (45-degree angle) position with legs in stirrups at a low lithotomy position which increases the force of contraction (both autonomically driven and voluntary) to help expel the baby out. We don't do a lot of non-traditional stuff at my hospital (e.g., waterbirthings, etc.). There's less control to get to the fetus if something starts to go wrong. And, you know our litigious society... everyone expects perfect babies 100% of the time.

-Dr. Imago
 
Incidentally, reviewing the related articles in PubMed yielded many that showed epidurals did not increase the chance for a c-section when compared to systemic analgesics for pain relief in labor. Likewise, many articles explain that the two groups being compared were "with" epidural analgesia" and "without" -- not specifying whether other analgesia was given. So I haven't seen specific data comparing epidural to natural childbirth (no analgesia) for c-section rates.

But I'm not all about c-section rates, I'm interested in knowing whether (as was the case when I had my first child, epidurals were implicated in higher rates of interventions.

There were a measly two articles that concluded epidurals were associated with a higher rate of c-sections (although the non-epidural groups were not elaborated on, as to whether any other pain relief was used). Here's one:
Association of epidural analgesia with cesarean delivery in nulliparas. And yes, it's from 1996.

So, looking at the newest studies:
ACOG committee opinion. No. 339: Analgesia and cesarean delivery rates asserts that newer research shows no increase in c-section rates with epidural use (haven't found the research yet that doesn't compare epidural to systemic, but these guys are convinced, and they are the experts).

Risk factors for forceps delivery in nulliparous patients. Lists epidural analgesia as a "strong intrapartum risk factor" for instrumental delivery in nulliparous women.

Epidural analgesia and the course of delivery in term primiparas Incidence of fetal distress and Oxytocin use significantly higher in the epidural group -- this was one that didn't specify if the non-epidural group was using other analgesia. But it did show no significant difference in incidence of c-sections.

Hey, Stealpik, on the doula thing,
A randomized control trial of continuous support in labor by a lay doula. Having a lay doula was associated with shorter labor, increased dilation at time of epidural, and higher Apgar scores.

... and now I'm all PubMeded out for the night.

[edited to add the link to the doula article]
 
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Dr. Imago, those two papers you reference - I have the impression from what you've quoted that at least one of them was comparing an epi in early labour vs. an epi in late labour - which doesn't address the issue of whether epis raise the c-section rate at all, because for that you need to compare epis vs natural. Does the other paper address that issue more directly?

Sorry... meant to comment on this too.

You are either in labor, or you're not. You don't place an epidural on someone before they are in the first stage of labor. Once a labor is "ruled-in" and the delivery is imminent, the anesthetist gets the go-ahead to place an epidural.

Secondly, because you are studying women in pain, it would be unethical not to provide them with pain relief during the procedure (i.e., it would be difficult to get a study approved by an ethics committee if you said "we are not going to give any analgesia to women who've agree to participate in a study where we are offering it"). To account for this in the NEJM study, they randomized the groups to withold neuraxial analgesia until after such a time it was felt that a neuraxial technique no longer posed a risk of halting labor progression, based on previous studies. The NEJM paper was felt to be robust and based on best practices. In essence, they delayed giving neuraxial analgesia in the control group until such a point that it was previously proven in other studies not to be an issue, that is after the cervix dilated to 4cm. The American Journal of Obstetrics article confirmed the NEJM findings.

-Dr. Imago
 
Epidural analgesia and the course of delivery in term primiparas Incidence of fetal distress and Oxytocin use significantly higher in the epidural group -- this was one that didn't specify if the non-epidural group was using other analgesia. But it did show no significant difference in incidence of c-sections.

I hate to tell everyone, but Pitocin is pretty much standard therapy for all women having babies these days. No one wants to wait anymore. It's not cost-effective.

Also, there may be an increased risk of vacuum or forceps extraction with epidurals. This much is conceded, and it most likely has more to do with women having a higher level of motor blockade and inability to coordinate a stronger voluntary push secondary to the inability to feel the force of contraction. Practitioners are aware of this and try to coach women when the right time to push is. But, not everyone is easily coachable...

-Dr. Imago
 
Sorry... meant to comment on this too.

You are either in labor, or you're not. You don't place an epidural on someone before they are in the first stage of labor. Once a labor is "ruled-in" and the delivery is imminent, the anesthetist gets the go-ahead to place an epidural....

Depending on how the labor is progressing there may actually be a small window of opportunity to place the epidural.

Not being particularly gung-ho on going full bore natural for Child #2 (especially with what happened during first labor), I was quite willing to get an epidural. So they brought in the nurse anesthesist to talk to me... He told me that my cervix (sp?) was not open enough. When he came back later... it was open TOO much. rats

Child #3 just came too fast. At least I got into the hospital and in the bed. Dear hubby was outside the room leisurely getting himself coffee when I yelled at him to get back so that I could painfully squeeze his arm while I pushed (twice).

To go on what Skeptigirl said about genetic expectations on child labor... My first labor lasted 6 hours, second 4 hours and third less than 2 hours (with that kind of trend I figure if I had a fourth it would have been born after the first contraction!). My sister was not too pleased that her labor was over 40 hours.
 
I hate to tell everyone, but Pitocin is pretty much standard therapy for all women having babies these days. No one wants to wait anymore. It's not cost-effective.
Wow. I guess you mean "for all women having babies in U.S. hospitals these days." But still, wow. Pit (like the epi) wasn't available in my birth center, so we would've driven to the hospital if I'd needed it.

[Aside: Lots of things were available in the birth center, though I didn't need them, like IV antibiotics and pain relief, episiotomy and repair, oxygen and such ... but not pitocin during labor, epidurals, c-sections, and ICU. It really is a middle ground between a hospital birth and a homebirth.]

If I had needed augmentation or induction, I would definitely have liked the epi placed (if not started) as early as possible.

And thanks for the explanation on the epi vs. natural and the nurse trying to keep the patient to her natural birth "plan" ... I expected there was more to it than we knew. I have also known many nurses to spout woo. Ah, well.

[edited to clarify the last paragraph]
 
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My wife is due in January and is a neonatal intensive care RN who has worked L&D. Her view personally is bring on the epidural. She has more worries about the damage forceps and suction can do than any worries about the epidural. Actually she said she would rather they C section than use suction due to incidences of cranial bleeds etc she sees in the NICU.
 
It's late and I'm and East coaster presently on a West coast business trip, but I just wanted to make a quick post before hitting the sack to say you people are all freakin' awesome. Early on, Deetee questioned why I would ask people on the Internet about this topic, but I've been lurking and posting on the Randi boards for years and I knew I would get a great discussion from a bunch of critical thinkers. I'll try to throw in my two cents on the recent posts tomorrow, but for now, thank you all so much for contributing your thoughts. if there were a god, I'd ask him to bless you all.
 
Speaking generally, perhaps because the thing had some effect that didn't vary based on when it was administered.

If I give you morphine it has an effect and more of it will have more of an effect. Ealier administration will give it more time to have an effect. This seems like it is violateing normal rules of how drugs effect people in similar ways to homeopathy then.

I don't understand this statement.

I'm not trying to beat some anti-epidural drum here, but I completely disagree with your logic, and have to address that.

I understood (right or wrong) that having an epidural increases the chances of successive interventions (not complications, just interventions).
And many people understand that a really good foot massage can cure cancer and such. It is about challenging beliefs of people who disregard evidence. Now mabey this evidence was not there when you where having your children. But there the complaints did sound like something I could simply replace epidural with some woo medicine and would sound the same.
*If* these two studies are only comparing complication/intervention rates in a population of women who all received epidurals, then they provide zero information about epidurals as compared to unmedicated births.

Extrapolating from studies that compare early and late epidural effects to conclusions about epidurals in general is over-reaching your data.

And what is the quality of your data that says they increase interventions? Is it the same as the old data that stress causes ulcers and it has nothing to do with microbes?

Just because something is accepted thinking does not mean there is any data to support it.
 
About where you'd draw the line between career planning and astrology. I know, it's completely meaningless.

Let's take a step back.

dissonance felt that maybe Dr. Imago was interfering in this patient's wishes by encouraging an epidural, while the nurse was supporting the patient's wishes by encouraging natural childbirth. I don't know who was "right" -- I wasn't there. But dissonance having an opinion about the situation, and the nurse defending the patient's right to opt out of pain relief, are NOT the same as someone defending alternative therapies.
ANd questioning say someone demanding that their arm be set with out anesthetic is not something a doctor should do?
Natural childbirth (in this context) is about opting out of pain relief during labor. That's it. No rejection of proven therapies for woo-woo nonsense, just choosing not to get the pain relief. Unless you are telling me that there is evidence suggesting that epidurals produce better outcomes than natural childbirth, in which case, I eagerly await your citations.
It is not just about that, it is also the belief that doing so is better for the child and such. That is a perfectly testable prediction and can be shown to be true or not.

It does seem to have a connection to the megadose vitamin wooisms. There the beleif is that if a small dose of something is nessacary a large does is really good. Here the logic is that drugs are bad for babies and this is a drug so it is bad for them.

I am not saying that they should not have their choice, I am saying that doctors might be lax in their duties for not questioning those choices.
 

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