If I may step in and give my own answers:
No, and yes.
But bullying is a complex issue. When I was in high school, one particular incident with a teacher in class on the second day of school basically labeled me as an outcast and I spent the next four years trying to survive. It's a good thing I had three good friends who were also ostracised. I basically survived by isolating myself completely from the mass until I reached college, as I said earlier.
At one point, in the final grade, for some reason, I began to pick on this newcommer for some reason. The thing went on for quite a few minutes before I realised "wait a minute, what the **** am I doing ?" and remembered that this is exactly what I had lived before. So stopped I did. I still wonder what triggered that momentary insanity. I think it was simply A) an outlet for years of frustration and B) because I could, which is quite frightening. Was it the same for my own tormentors ? Who knows.
Another thing that allowed me to live through this is that, aside from the fact that I was never "taxed" (pretty much the only thing I didn't have to live through), my parents made it very clear that I wasn't to blame for all this.
However, I wish the school authorities had made more efforts to deal with this kind of situation. For some reason I found myself in the principal's office as often as the bullies. Well, at least the teachers were nice to us and my friends and I spent more time chatting with them than with the other students.