Bart Ehrman on the Historical Jesus

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You have to remember that the Christ Myth has a ridiculous range:

* Jesus is an entirely fictional or mythological character created by the Early Christian community.

<respectfully snip other versions of Christ Myth>

As you can see only the first one throws the baby out with the bathwater.
That's a most useful post. It illustrates the difficulty of commenting on the JM theory. There isn't one, but a whole lot of contradictory theories, many founded on incompatible meanings of the word myth. Basically, I find the dominant one here is purely negative:

The bible is simply a pack of lies, a forgery, a fraud. Therefore Jesus never existed at all, any more than Harry Potter does. Anything that looks as if it may suggest otherwise was forged hundreds of years later, or refers to people other than Jesus. No internal evidence can suggest anything because it's all complete fiction cut from whole cloth. And therefore internal evidence is not evidence, but the promotion of forgeries, and is not even to be looked at. But how people could possibly have forged all this, or who, or when, or why, is not revealed or even discussed.
 
... HJ is a myth propagated mostly by Christians under the guise of Scholars and Historians.
Usual awful stuff from you, dejudge. So the scholars are not scholars, but apologists. You and others keep stating this, but most non-Christian commentators appear to accept an HJ too. Your statement is snide innuendo, such as you often produce.
HJ has no birth narrative. He must have come down from heaven like Marcion's Phantom because there is no evidence for his existence.
That is absurd. The HJ has no birth narrative because he didn't have a miraculous birth. It may be assumed he was born in a normal way. Nobody bothered to record it. To say, a figure from the past has no birth narrative so he must have come down from Heaven is not very sensible; it means his birth was nothing special.

Now read this, dejudge. Mark has no birth narrative, because Jesus acquired his specialness when he was baptised. John has no birth story because Jesus was there from the moment of the creation. Our two sources - the later Synoptics - have incompatible narratives, which in fact are conception narratives. So different sources in the same books, dejudge! And even there, different strata may be found including two different versions of Jesus' genealogy (I know you deny their existence, but that's rubbish) both of which are genealogies of Joseph, so even the Gospels with birth narratives contain sources that know nothing about a virgin. That's evidence, and also these works are not the product of a single much later forger consciously writing deceptive fiction. How absurd!

Paul has no birth narrative because his Jesus acquired his powers at the resurrection. Which Paul stresses because the sky dwelling post resurrection Jesus is the only one he knew.

Now the HJ, if one can be discerned in this material (which I think it can) is the one with no birth narrative. Why do I think that? Guess! Is it because I think he came down from Heaven, as you hilariously suggest? Or is it because I think his birth was nothing special? You decide.
 
zugzwang

It's also intriguing that the cult pretty quickly emerges from its Jewish baggage, and turns to the Gentile world.
Intriguing, but not bewildering. Pharisees had already "turned to the Gentile world." Paul's innovation was that the general resurrection (the righteous of all nations, Jews and Gentiles alike, will rise) would be a sequential rather than a simultaneous event. The Messiah has risen first, and in his new p-body will embark on the messianic tasks, and then everybody else can rise.

Like Willie Sutton, Paul goes where the money is, to the Gentile masses, not to his fellow Jews who already have their own ideas about how the messianic thing works. Although there may have been "God fearers" (Noahide Gentiles?) among Paul's converts, there's little in Paul's message that reaches us that appeals to any readers' pre-exisitng interest in Judaism and its niceties. Perhaps, just as modern sixty-something Wicca promotes itself as based upon something else thousands of years old, it was a selling point that Paul's then-recent imaginings had then-ancient roots and trappings. But at the end of the day, if you liked bacon and Mr Happy as orignally equipped, then you went with Paul because you'd fly and never die.

The events of the 60's divorce the X-Gentiles from the Jewish roots that never were their own. Paul dies and whatever organized Jewish following Jesus still had a generation later flees fractious (and soon enough sacked) Jerusalem. The Gentile religion regroups with different, Gentile, ideas about the cosmic significance of a man who came back from the dead and left again. The Jewish Bible is flatly re-read as a prophecy of the church's emergence as the real presence of God on earth. God used the Jews to make Jesus. The Jews had their chance, and they blew it. There's a new God's chosen people in town. Woohoo.

There's no "saddling." There's no knife play in Christian infant initiation, BLT's are served at the party afterwards. Typical worship consists of pretending to eat human remains. "Judaism" is a functional character in a narrative that's all about the storytellers. A more Jewish perspective is maintained in the other huge world religion that venerates a historical Jesus, Islam, but that's a revival long after Christianity had ensured an enduring market for Gentile Jesus religions.

Trouble is, this is all speculative, and piles supposition upon supposition.
No, actually, it's based on the few and flat suppositions that Paul wrote more-or-less what reaches us, that that is typical of his position, and that he actually meant what he wrote. All the rest is that we are not a different species from those who lived only a few thousand years ago.
 
... Yes, here, finally, a Jerusalem mob, moved by the chief priests (Mk. 15:11) demands his death.
In fact I have reason to think not, and this has been sustained by scholars including Jewish ones like Joel Carmichael and Hyam Maccoby.
Mark15:6 Now it was the custom at the festival to release a prisoner whom the people requested. 7 A man called Barabbas was in prison with the insurrectionists who had committed murder in the uprising. 8 The crowd came up and asked Pilate to do for them what he usually did. 9 “Do you want me to release to you the king of the Jews?” asked Pilate, 10 knowing it was out of self-interest that the chief priests had handed Jesus over to him. 11 But the chief priests stirred up the crowd to have Pilate release Barabbas instead. 12 “What shall I do, then, with the one you call the king of the Jews?” Pilate asked them. 13 “Crucify him!” they shouted. 14 “Why? What crime has he committed?” asked Pilate. But they shouted all the louder, “Crucify him!” 15 Wanting to satisfy the crowd, Pilate released Barabbas to them. He had Jesus flogged, and handed him over to be crucified.
Now consider this, from wiki.
Barabbas's name appears as bar-Abbas in the Greek texts. It is derived ultimately from the Aramaic בר-אבא, Bar-abbâ, "son of the father". According to some ancient New Testament manuscripts and the early biblical scholar Origen, the full name of Barabbas may have been Jesus Barabbas, and it appears as such in the margin of some translations of Matthew 27:16-17.
This guy, Jesus surnamed son of the father, had been arrested for insurrection and murder. What insurrection? Obviously one inspired by a Jesus who went about claiming God was his father (as did the Davidic kings; this Jesus was evidently a messianic rebel). The Jewish mob demands his release. So there was an insurrection, was there, led by a messianic Jesus, that we know nothing about? Meantime there's another Jesus, the Nazarene, in custody too. He is known to have armed his men, and to have created a disturbance in the Temple during Passover. He was a messiah too. I hope these guys were in the same cell. They had a lot in common, to talk about!

What do you conclude from all this?
You can see that the antagonism toward the Jews is much more open and pointed ... in John.
Absolutely pervasive. It jumps off the page at you.
 
Fine. Why don't you deal with this evidence: Somehow, the Christian religion latched onto Jewish prophecy and Jewish apocalypticism. If Christianity was begun in Egypt in the second century by people who had nothing to do with Jewish religious belief, how and why did the practitioners of this cult go out of their way to identify their Christos with Jesus? Why did the gospel writers see having him fulfill Jewish messianic prophecies as being so important?

I have repeatedly asked you these questions. You have yet to answer.



Tim - leaving aside anything dejudge may have said about Egypt or whatever (I have not read those posts), it's quite silly to ask people to dream up reasons for why Paul thought the messiah was named Yehoshua (Jesus), because there might be all sorts of reasons why he was preaching that particular name.

For a start, that particular "name", actually it's more a "word", has a theophoric meaning and iirc, although people argue over it's possible different meanings and interpretations, it was a traditional vocal utterance or cry invoking a saving appeal to Yahweh. That is - the word "Yehoshua", as spoken, was a religious vocal cry to the saving nature of God .... meaning something like "we cry out our appeal to our saviour Yahweh".

But also, as pointed out before, way back in the earliest beliefs of the Hebrew OT, there is apparently a prophecy from Moses himself, saying that his successor will lead the Jewish people to God's promised success and that his succeeding leader will be called "Yehoshua" (ie Jesus!). So you can even find that precise name itself in the promises of the OT (I gave the reference before, several times ... I really don't want to waste even more time in threads like this repeatedly giving the same references and the same explanations).

But even simpler that that; it should be perfectly obvious that at time when Jewish beliefs in a messiah were rife, and when those beliefs and interpretations of the OT were changing (as appears quite certain from the DSS, which shows a range of preaching about the promised messiah, which was changing from the more traditional view of a human regal or military leader in the family line of King David … who apparently, himself probably did not even exist anyway!), it should be obvious that amongst many hundreds of street preachers before Paul, a theophoric name like Yehosha, possibly even predicted by Moses in the OT, may easily have appeared simply through rumours and story telling … eg at some point one or more preachers, wanting to put a name to the messiah they were preaching about, simply said he would be called “Yehosua” “we cry our appeal to our saviour Yahweh” … and other’s then started to say that they had heard that the messiah would be named “Yehoshua” … afaik, all throughout mans history, false rumours like that have arisen, with names of non-existent people, simply because somewhere in the origins of the story telling, someone starts to say they have heard about a person named X who did something amazing … and then the rumour gets repeated, sometimes it dies out and sometimes it doesn’t.

So those are three fairly obvious ways in which a specific name or word like Yehoshua may have become known to Paul, or believed by Paul, to be the name of a messiah who Paul had never known, and in whom he believed, as his letters constantly tell us, due to what he called “revelations” from God or from the Lord, and from “scripture” and from what he said was “written”. He obviously means that he believes this to have been the true message and meaning from the Old Testament.

But just because Paul named the messiah as Yehoshua, does not mean that there must have been a real living person named Yehoshua (you cannot argue that just because we have a name or word, that means a real person must have existed). And certainly Paul never knew who this figure Yehoshua was.

Paul also makes clear that whatever he thought of any earlier Jewish sect preaching any similar story (and by the way the DSS Essene community in that same region were preaching a not very dissimilar story from as much as 200 years before Paul, ie from c.170BC all through to c.70AD), he says that he did not get any of his Jesus story/beliefs/preaching from any of those people, ie “from no mortal man”, but instead purely from his reliance upon scripture, as “it is written” (he means "foretold”), and from what he calls “revelation" and “revealed” (he seems to mean by that, what was he thought was being revealed to him both in visions and revealed from his understanding of scripture).
 
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Dejudge, I want to clarify again if you could.

It is your position that Jews did not create nor follow a Jesus cult because the material was found in Egypt, unlike texts we find of Judaism in Judea as we expect.

Do I have this correct?
Dejudge,

Can I have you verify that I have this correct please?
 
Dejudge:
The entire reason for choosing Judaism to create a new religion from over Zoroastrianism was that "they" needed to blame the Jews for the destruction of Judea?
Dejudge,

Do I understand your position with this summary?
 
Tim - leaving aside anything dejudge may have said about Egypt or whatever (I have not read those posts), it's quite silly to ask people to dream up reasons for why Paul thought the messiah was named Yehoshua (Jesus), because there might be all sorts of reasons why he was preaching that particular name.

For a start, that particular "name", actually it's more a "word", has a theophoric meaning and iirc, although people argue over it's possible different meanings and interpretations, it was a traditional vocal utterance or cry invoking a saving appeal to Yahweh. That is - the word "Yehoshua", as spoken, was a religious vocal cry to the saving nature of God .... meaning something like "we cry out our appeal to our saviour Yahweh".

But also, as pointed out before, way back in the earliest beliefs of the Hebrew OT, there is apparently a prophecy from Moses himself, saying that his successor will lead the Jewish people to God's promised success and that his succeeding leader will be called "Yehoshua" (ie Jesus!). So you can even find that precise name itself in the promises of the OT (I gave the reference before, several times ... I really don't want to waste even more time in threads like this repeatedly giving the same references and the same explanations).

But even simpler that that; it should be perfectly obvious that at time when Jewish beliefs in a messiah were rife, and when those beliefs and interpretations of the OT were changing (as appears quite certain from the DSS, which shows a range of preaching about the promised messiah, which was changing from the more traditional view of a human regal or military leader in the family line of King David … who apparently, himself probably did not even exist anyway!), it should be obvious that amongst many hundreds of street preachers before Paul, a theophoric name like Yehosha, possibly even predicted by Moses in the OT, may easily have appeared simply through rumours and story telling … eg at some point one or more preachers, wanting to put a name to the messiah they were preaching about, simply said he would be called “Yehosua” “we cry our appeal to our saviour Yahweh” … and other’s then started to say that they had heard that the messiah would be named “Yehoshua” … afaik, all throughout mans history, false rumours like that have arisen, with names of non-existent people, simply because somewhere in the origins of the story telling, someone starts to say they have heard about a person named X who did something amazing … and then the rumour gets repeated, sometimes it dies out and sometimes it doesn’t.

So those are three fairly obvious ways in which a specific name or word like Yehoshua may have become known to Paul, or believed by Paul, to be the name of a messiah who Paul had never known, and in whom he believed, as his letters constantly tell us, due to what he called “revelations” from God or from the Lord, and from “scripture” and from what he said was “written”. He obviously means that he believes this to have been the true message and meaning from the Old Testament.

But just because Paul named the messiah as Yehoshua, does not mean that there must have been a real living person named Yehoshua (you cannot argue that just because we have a name or word, that means a real person must have existed). And certainly Paul never knew who this figure Yehoshua was.

Paul also makes clear that whatever he thought of any earlier Jewish sect preaching any similar story (and by the way the DSS Essene community in that same region were preaching a not very dissimilar story from as much as 200 years before Paul, ie from c.170BC all through to c.70AD), he says that he did not get any of his Jesus story/beliefs/preaching from any of those people, ie “from no mortal man”, but instead purely from his reliance upon scripture, as “it is written” (he means "foretold”), and from what he calls “revelation" and “revealed” (he seems to mean by that, what was he thought was being revealed to him both in visions and revealed from his understanding of scripture).

Evidence?
 
My posts in this thread are entirely "not as mod". In fact, I am not permitted by forum policy to moderate a thread in which I am participating as a member.

I use the name "Trvthers" because their style of argumentation reminds me so much of 9/11 Truthers; they simply handwave away any evidence presented that conflicts with their predetermined conclusion.


Thanks for the infors on how moderation works. It's probably something I should have known. :blush:

Actually, the vast majority of the posters are trvthers, in the sense I can't think of any poster here who doesn't see the official version of events, the NT, as smarmy hagiography written to seduce the unwary.

Rather than sides, I see a wide range of opinions and points of view so at the end of the day, jhunter, we're all of trvthers here.

I'm in the range of the people who can't decide where the Jesus story is based on 99% myth or 100% myth.

Yes, I'm aware wiki claims and backs up its claim of consensus on the historicity of Jesus.
Consensus changes in the academic world, jhunter, sometimes faster than we amateurs realise.
Just look at the Q hypthesis, for example.
Or the resurrection. It's not so long ago the resurrection was a consensus validated idea in the academic world.








zugzwang


Intriguing, but not bewildering. Pharisees had already "turned to the Gentile world." Paul's innovation was that the general resurrection (the righteous of all nations, Jews and Gentiles alike, will rise) would be a sequential rather than a simultaneous event. The Messiah has risen first, and in his new p-body will embark on the messianic tasks, and then everybody else can rise.

Like Willie Sutton, Paul goes where the money is, to the Gentile masses, not to his fellow Jews who already have their own ideas about how the messianic thing works. Although there may have been "God fearers" (Noahide Gentiles?) among Paul's converts, there's little in Paul's message that reaches us that appeals to any readers' pre-exisitng interest in Judaism and its niceties. Perhaps, just as modern sixty-something Wicca promotes itself as based upon something else thousands of years old, it was a selling point that Paul's then-recent imaginings had then-ancient roots and trappings. But at the end of the day, if you liked bacon and Mr Happy as orignally equipped, then you went with Paul because you'd fly and never die.

The events of the 60's divorce the X-Gentiles from the Jewish roots that never were their own. Paul dies and whatever organized Jewish following Jesus still had a generation later flees fractious (and soon enough sacked) Jerusalem. The Gentile religion regroups with different, Gentile, ideas about the cosmic significance of a man who came back from the dead and left again. The Jewish Bible is flatly re-read as a prophecy of the church's emergence as the real presence of God on earth. God used the Jews to make Jesus. The Jews had their chance, and they blew it. There's a new God's chosen people in town. Woohoo.

There's no "saddling." There's no knife play in Christian infant initiation, BLT's are served at the party afterwards. Typical worship consists of pretending to eat human remains. "Judaism" is a functional character in a narrative that's all about the storytellers. A more Jewish perspective is maintained in the other huge world religion that venerates a historical Jesus, Islam, but that's a revival long after Christianity had ensured an enduring market for Gentile Jesus religions.


No, actually, it's based on the few and flat suppositions that Paul wrote more-or-less what reaches us, that that is typical of his position, and that he actually meant what he wrote. All the rest is that we are not a different species from those who lived only a few thousand years ago.

An interesting view.
Do you think the Fiscus Judaicus contributed to the abandonment of the Jewish baggage by the emerging Christian sect?
 
pakeha

Do you think the Fiscus Judaicus contributed to the abandonment of the Jewish baggage by the emerging Christian sect?
I have thought about disputes surrounding the tax as possibly partly explaining the apparent post-Nero round of Roman "persecution" late in the First Century. Romans "privatized" or "out-sourced" tax collection, and if I was the contractor who had paid for the franchise to collect FJ in Brundisium, then I'd try to make as many Brundisians Jewish as I possibly could.

My understanding, though (partially based on Acts), is that Christians were already often unwelcome in Jewish synagogues decades before the sack of Jerusalem. Also, Paul's spiel was that Gentiles would participate in the end of days as Gentiles, and not as Jewish converts.

Tax exemption couldn't hurt. Unfortunately, the test apparently was sacrifice to the Emperor, rather than the uncut of your jib or a fondness for pork chops. In rejection of the Imperial cult, unfortunately for them, Christians were as Jewish as Josephus, and unlike Josephus, Christers expected to be exempt from a routine civic responsibility without paying for the privilege.

Or at least I think that was where the tax most easily fit into the story.
 
Thanks for the infors on how moderation works. It's probably something I should have known. :blush:

Actually, the vast majority of the posters are trvthers, in the sense I can't think of any poster here who doesn't see the official version of events, the NT, as smarmy hagiography written to seduce the unwary.

Rather than sides, I see a wide range of opinions and points of view so at the end of the day, jhunter, we're all of trvthers here.

I'm in the range of the people who can't decide where the Jesus story is based on 99% myth or 100% myth.

Yes, I'm aware wiki claims and backs up its claim of consensus on the historicity of Jesus.
Consensus changes in the academic world, jhunter, sometimes faster than we amateurs realise.
Just look at the Q hypthesis, for example.
Or the resurrection. It's not so long ago the resurrection was a consensus validated idea in the academic world.

I think we're closer to agreement than most people realize, pakeha. I understand that consensus changes, and new hypotheses are proposed all the time. I'm willing to say that 99 percent of the stuff written about Jesus in the NT is nonsense. As I've said before, IMO the only things about him that could be said with certainty are that he was a wandering preacher (of which there were dozens at the time) and that he got nailed up for sedition. All the stuff about his preaching, the miracles, the ascension into heaven... all crap added later. Stripping away all that stuff doesn't leave much, which is apt; the actual historical Jesus wasn't much at the time.
 
It is not plausible that an itinerant Jewish preacher named Jesus existed. There is no actual known evidence to support such a plausibility at all.

You're still conflating things. You are unable to distinguish plausibility (it could happen) with evidence (it probably happened) and proof (it did happen).

So of course it's hard to take the rest of your reasoning seriously.
 
Why would you suspect that there are no believers on this thread? It is extremely easy to detect closet believers.

They typically always say Jesus existed but never present any actual evidence.

Belief without evidence is blind faith.

So those atheists are in fact Christians because you do not accept their evidence and reasoning ?
 
I think we're closer to agreement than most people realize, pakeha. I understand that consensus changes, and new hypotheses are proposed all the time. I'm willing to say that 99 percent of the stuff written about Jesus in the NT is nonsense. As I've said before, IMO the only things about him that could be said with certainty are that he was a wandering preacher (of which there were dozens at the time) and that he got nailed up for sedition. All the stuff about his preaching, the miracles, the ascension into heaven... all crap added later. Stripping away all that stuff doesn't leave much, which is apt; the actual historical Jesus wasn't much at the time.


Then you're within 1% of the opinion that the ones you are deriding as trvthers hold.
 
Why would you suspect that there are no believers on this thread? It is extremely easy to detect closet believers.

They typically always say Jesus existed but never present any actual evidence.

Belief without evidence is blind faith.
And the only evidence would be documentary evidence that you would denounce as a forgery, as you denounce the entirety of the early Christian corpus. The abundant evidence I have provided is rejected unread. And I deny entirely that I am a closet believer pretending to be an atheist. It is not true, and the imputation of deceit is insulting. I will not consent to being accused of misrepresenting my own beliefs in these threads. I will continue to draw attention to the sheer nastiness of the ad hominem statements made by a few of the pro-MJ posters.
 
You're still conflating things. You are unable to distinguish plausibility (it could happen) with evidence (it probably happened) and proof (it did happen).

So of course it's hard to take the rest of your reasoning seriously.

That's a useful distinction. I'm still puzzled as to why HJ isn't plausible; I suppose because if you turn Jesus into an entirely mythic or legendary figure, then a historical figure isn't plausible. Hmm, that's more retro-fitting, isn't it? Or, in the current jargon, starting with your conclusion.
 
And the only evidence would be documentary evidence that you would denounce as a forgery, as you denounce the entirety of the early Christian corpus. The abundant evidence I have provided is rejected unread. And I deny entirely that I am a closet believer pretending to be an atheist. It is not true, and the imputation of deceit is insulting. I will not consent to being accused of misrepresenting my own beliefs in these threads. I will continue to draw attention to the sheer nastiness of the ad hominem statements made by a few of the pro-MJ posters.

You can do better than that, you can cite them.

(I did quit reading Dajudges posts and any replies to him after his second post)
 
And the only evidence would be documentary evidence that you would denounce as a forgery, as you denounce the entirety of the early Christian corpus. The abundant evidence I have provided is rejected unread. And I deny entirely that I am a closet believer pretending to be an atheist. It is not true, and the imputation of deceit is insulting. I will not consent to being accused of misrepresenting my own beliefs in these threads. I will continue to draw attention to the sheer nastiness of the ad hominem statements made by a few of the pro-MJ posters.

I am impressed by how seriously dejudge has been taken on this forum, and his various arguments dissected. I got the impression from RatSkep, that after a while, he was just ignored, yet it has certainly been an eye-opener to see people here looking at his various arguments, and pointing out the flaws, and the insults.
 
You could not say Paul. I asked for Jews outside the Bible.

Why don't you ask for Jews from Venus or Mars ? While you're asking for impossible stuff, might as well go all the way.

Of course this doesn't address the question of why Christianity went out of its way to build a connexion with the OT if it had no Jewish connections.
 
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