I'm thinking I'd like to buy a telescope, and learn to use it. I'd love to be able to check out the planets. I've had limited experiences with telescopes, but each time I was blown away by the experience.
Any suggestions of a telescope in the $300 range?
What's the least you (yes you) would spend on a telescope that you consider worth buying?
The best scope is the one you use. Lots of people have suggested particular models to look through, but some very important things to consider are where you want to observe (backyard or miles away?) and your physical condition (are you sufficiently at ease carrying 40-60 pounds through a field at night that you'd be willing to do it regularly?). If you're not in good health, dragging an 8" telescope (which you could probably find, used, without too much trouble in your price range,) tripod, and counterweights (depends on the mount type) around in the dark can be a real challenge, potentially enough to make you quit. Also consider whether your car/truck/whatever is big enough to move your gear and any passengers all at once.
Also important are the eyepieces you get with the telescope. You can purchase some that will be far too strong for either the instrument you'll likely be buying or for realistic use. Most of your viewing will be done at lower magnification than you'd think, and very high magnification is possible, but it very quickly comes up against the limits of resolution of the telescope. As a rule of thumb, the telescope will be unable to provide good magnification beyond 50 times its objective diameter in inches. That means that even in very good skies a 4" telescope is unlikely to be able to do any better than 200x magnification. You're also going to get a focal length when you're looking at the scope. To determine the smallest focal length eyepiece you could possibly use with your new telescope, you'd take the focal length of the scope and divide by the maximum useful magnification.
For an example, check out this
one (Note, I'm not recommending this telescope as I've never used it, it's just an example. I do have an Orion scope though, and it's done well by me for the price.) It's got a 4.5" objective and 910mm focal length. With good skies you'd be happy to get 225x magnification out of it. 910mm/225 is about 4mm as the smallest eyepiece from which you could get a useful image. If you look, they're selling it with a 25mm and a 10mm, and in this case, a Barlow lens that doubles the magnification. Odds are very good that you'd not go beyond the 10mm usually, in all honesty. Basically, don't get too crazy buying high powered eyepieces, or a used telescope that comes with high powered eyepieces, as they are unlikely to be of much use in the long run.
Useful thread. It came at the precise moment my brother is becoming increasingly interested in astro observation and photography, and needs advice on a telescope.
I'd very very strongly recommend to both thatguywhojuggles and your brother that he try to find an astronomy club in his area (most have them) and do exactly what you suggest, try out a bunch of scopes side by side. Most clubs are full of people who are completely geeked out over their telescopes and the vast majority are more than happy to let you have a peek through theirs.