While I honestly do enjoy your posts, it looks as if you do not understand Carrier and what his stance is on the materials we have for and against "an historical Jesus."
I'm currently into the third chapter of Proving History, and I'm still finding it difficult to wrap my brain around Baye's Theorem which is the defining method with which he assigns very little probability of an historic Jesus. He does not begin with the null hypothesis which I have done In earlier posts.
I'm not stopping my attempt to finish the book because I don't understand it; I'm hoping it'll become clearer as I go.
Applying Bayes' Theorem is starting from a negative.
Starting from a negative isn't using a null hypothesis; using a null hypothesis is to run a test forced to be false as a result for comparison of the actual test against for verification that the result of the actual test is significant to the positive in deviation worth noting - beats the null hypothesis.
Starting from a negative is to take the position that something isn't until it is proven true.
Applying the probability of Bayes is doing just this, and it is really a bad idea to apply to History.
It sounds great, I know, but it really is worse than helpful if adopted as a standard.
Most folks don't know how History is conducted, nor what the historical method is or how it works; let alone why.
History is not a hard science (except for Archaeology, which would be an appropriate field to apply Bayes Theorem).
Applying Bayes Theorem, firstly, would make History worse because it would give false confidence and convert History into a pseudoscience as History is not a science and should never attempt to be such.
Secondly, application of Bayes is impractical for History because, for example, if I found a piece of inscription in Egypt from ancient times, Bayes' Theorem would quite loudly produce a probability that what I am holding is filled with lies.
Does that mean that what I am holding is an account that never took place?
No.
It would only mean the probability is that it contains a lie since so many inscriptions in Egypt are filled with outright lies.
I didn't need Bayes' Theorem to figure that out, though, and it doesn't help me accomplish figuring out if what I'm holding is a true account or not.
Why not?
Because to functionally use Bayes' Theorem, I need to have all of the information regarding the proposition available to run the probability.
If I leave out a piece of information, or enter the information in with the wrong premise, then the probability comes out entirely wrong.
And here is the point of my concern here: most of History is entirely vacant to us.
Take Jesus, for example.
Many times people say, "What's the likelihood that someone would make an embarrassing story like this of a fictional character they wanted to use as their champion hero?"
One of the problems with this proposition is assuming that the story is embarrassing, or that seemingly mundane content within are not symbolic.
This is an issue of not knowing the cultural tendencies and values, anthropology.
What appears to be one thing in History can be entirely another.
Furthermore, running Bayes Theorem on Jesus assumes we have all of the information there is to have on Jesus.
However, if I ran that Theorem in 1930, then again in 1960, then again in 1990, and then again in 2020, I will result with an entirely different result for each run as we have repeatedly found more material related to the Jesus cults over time and we full well know that we have not made our way through half of the texts from the early centuries from early and diverse Christian movements.
History is never "done", so applying a probability statistic with hopelessly incomplete information is erroneous before we even begin.
All it would do is fill up conventions with Historians arguing over who did their math better than the other, or who ran their probability with the wrong information or premises, or left out a given piece of information.
Furthermore, as I've mentioned before, running History this way would (to the student's delight) make History a far thinner account as the largest chunks of History would be ripped out and tossed into the gutter as "discounted" and non-applicable to entry into the human timeline.
Based on what?
Based on probability; probability ran without all of the information.
Ancient History doesn't work on probability in the sense of actuality.
It runs on relative association of behavioral tendency (humanities), and usually only finds
proof from Archaeology.
For example, Troy was attested, and behavioral tendency first favored earnestness, then favored fiction or error, and it was only Archaeology that rested the case as proven.
Applying Bayes' Theorem would not have altered those events gainfully.
Without supporting Archaeology, Troy would have been claimed probable or improbable based on the theorem, and that decision would have been made in error (regardless of which probability it produces) as it would have done so without all of the information, since more information about Troy was still sitting in the ground unknown to all.
For this reason, History inherits a positive (mostly) and requests a negative be proven.
Tossing a probability at Jesus is not proof of a negative; it's a probability.
That probability doesn't help conclude anything, however, because we don't have all of the information available yet - we may never have all of the information.
Some times, the straight answer, in regards to proof, is...we don't know.
As much as people hate that answer, that is the most honest answer, regarding proof, for most of ancient History.
I don't think there's anything wrong with the historical method as it is, aside from that most people don't understand what the historical method is and think that any documentary with historians on it means the contents discussed are proven true.
The one good thing that I see in Carrier, is that at least the general public is learning what the historical method is.
The problem I see, however, is that many are learning what it is from the position of expecting History to be air tight like science, or logically applicable to systems such as court law.
None of this would be a huge shock if general History classes in basic schooling were more thorough in discussing what History is and how it is formed.
Heck, folks could learn a basic understanding of this in an hour or two watching Crash Course World History by John Green on youtube.
When looking at History, everyone needs to remember that we cannot ever fully know the reality of ancient times; we can only simulate it to our best ability imagining (as in, to conceive of) how people behaved and by dating clay pots.
Don't have a clay pot for us to date you with?
Then we can only inherit your story and imagine the behavior within it and parse out what is akin to social behaviors of your people and what does not fit to what we know of your people...what
we know.
That's History; that's it.