The requirement of authentication or identification is a condition precedent to admissibility and is satisfied by evidence sufficient to support a finding that the matter in question is what the proponent claims it is. [Tex. R. Evid. 901(a)]. Whether the proponent of evidence has satisfied the threshold requirement of authenticity is one of the preliminary questions to be decided by the court. [Tienda, 358 S.W.3d at 638].
However, rule 901 “does not erect a particularly high hurdle, and that hurdle may be cleared by circumstantial evidence.” [Peter T. Hoffman, Texas Rules of Evidence Handbook, Article IX at 948 (8th ed. 2008-09) (quoting United States v. Chin, 371 F.3d 31, 37 (2d Cir. 2004))]. The proponent of evidence does not need to “rule out all possibilities inconsistent with authenticity, or to prove beyond any doubt that the evidence is what it purports to be.” [Id]. In fact, in performing its gate-keeping function under rule 104, the trial court itself need not be persuaded that the proffered evidence is authentic. [Tienda, 358 S.W.3d at 638].
Rather, the ultimate question of whether an item of evidence is what the proponent claims is a question for the fact finder.