Hank,
What did you believe and what changed your mind?
You want the short answer or the long one? I'll give you both and you decide which one you want to read.
Short Answer: I believed there was a conspiracy to assassinate the President, Oswald was framed, and that Clay Shaw was part of that conspiracy. What changed my mind was going back to the actual testimony and reading that in its entirety, rather than the short snippets out of context presented in conspiracy books.
Long Answer: I started my reading on the assassination with the first book published in the US on a conspiracy, Thomas Buchanon's
WHO KILLED KENNEDY? It was actually published prior to the release of the Warren Commission volumes of evidence or the Warren Report proper. It was based entirely on newspaper reports and was entirely garbage (it had Jack Ruby shooting from the overpass, among other assertions). Of course, it overlooked the numerous witnesses on the overpass that would have noticed such a thing.
The first books on the assassination I read that actually used the Warren Commission volumes of evidence to try to decipher the crime (or so I thought at the time, but of course were just books written to make money off the tragedy) were books like Mark Lane's
RUSH TO JUDGMENT and Harold Weisberg's
WHITEWASH. I followed the pronouncements of New Orleans District Attorney Jim Garrison avidly through the newspaper articles as I grew up in New Jersey. In the 1970's, there were more books on the subject which I avidly consumed. By the late 1970's the HSCA had concluded its investigation and announced there was "a probable conspiracy" based on the dictabelt recording, but reached no conclusion as to what persons or group was behind the shooting.
I decided to start over from the top, but instead of just re-reading everything I owned, I went out and started to read the Warren Commission volumes of evidence page by page at my local college library. That was unsatisfying because it meant a separate trip daily after work to get the reading in, so I eventually splurged and bought the WC volumes (used) from the
PRESIDENTS BOX BOOKSHOP for a tidy figure of $2500 - that was real money back in the early 1980's, or at least, it was to me. The HSCA volumes were a lot cheaper from the GPO (Government Printing Office).
Starting over and re-reading everything, I began to see a pattern emerge where the conspiracy authors took stuff out of context repeatedly, and did not tell the whole story. The quotes were exact, but stopped or started just as the statement would be clarified.
Over time, I began to realize most of what I believed about the assassination of JFK was a lie, and that the evidence of Oswald's guilt in the shooting was overwhelming and beyond reproach (indeed, this is what every investigation into the crime concluded, the HSCA included).
What was the one specific thing that flipped me over? I don't know that there was one thing in particular, but I do recall the HSCA investigatory panels (forensic, medical, and photographic) conclusions having a big impact, as they pretty much confronted all of the conspiracy claims made by that time and proved they were meritless.
Another thing was a careful reading of the witnesses testimony. By reading it in full, I could actually see a coherent story of what happened emerge, by disregarding the outliers and keeping only the stuff that was mentioned repeatedly (like three shots - very few witnesses ever mentioned a number greater than three).
One particular thing stood out in one witness' testimony. Governor Connally's statement that the shots were so close together that "there had to be multiple shooters or an automatic weapon used" (I am paraphrasing) I was of course already familiar with as numerous conspiracy books quoted him saying that.
I was floored when I saw what he said a few moments later, that none of the conspiracy books had ever bothered to mention, and gave a completely differing view: Connally had gone on to estimate the time of the shooting (and the three shots) as between ten to twelve seconds!
This of course completely undermines the early quote by Connally of his impression of the shooting being by multiple gunmen, and to me, was an important part of my discarding the conspiracy viewpoint, as I knew then and there the conspiracy books weren't levelling with me.
Hank