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Explain consciousness to the layman.

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You can program your laptop to have no gravity all you want, but try weighing it. All you're doing is imagining something.

That's all irrelevant. In the simulation itself, there is no gravity and any conscious entity within the simulation will not know about gravity at all. It changes nothing for us, but that fact changes nothing of what I said, either. I think it was a pretty simple and basic statement.
 
A computer or brain can exhibit behavior isomorphisms to far more systems than a rock can.

Period.

That's why computers and brains make such good simulators compared to everything else.

I think we could arrive at an objective metric along the lines of "how many different things a system can simulate" and base the definition of whether something is a "computer" on that. I imagine there would be a fairly low threshold, that would exclude everything we want it to exclude and include everything we want it to include. Certainly rocks and oceans and hearts would be non-computing, and brains and computers would be computing.

That's pretty much what I was arguing for.
 
That's an interesting statement. Of course, it follows from your assumption: that consciousness is impossible in machines. Again, a circular reasoning.

To clarify:

"reality" is the set of things you can observe or, at least, the set of things you interact with. Our world is the known universe. We can observe it, and collate our observations to determine that it's consistent and, therefore, probably not imaginary.

The computer is not imaginary, and the programs running on it are not imaginary, either. If the program running is aware of certain variables or parameters, these parameters are, by definition, its "reality". Increase this awareness by a few orders of magnitude, and the program can be aware of millions of things at once, kind of like a human brain. If a set of these parameters represents that it perceives as a tornado, then the tornado exists in its reality. Not to mention that the tornado already exists as data in the computer, anyway.

Same thing for gravity. If it's not one of the parameters of the simulation, the program is not aware of it, so it doesn't exist as far as its concerned. It doesn't even matter, at this point, whether the program is conscious or not. Its preceptions are its reality, by definition.

But your objections assume that we're talking about conscious programs, which you've already presumed (not concluded, mind you) cannot exist.
 
But your objections assume that we're talking about conscious programs, which you've already presumed (not concluded, mind you) cannot exist.

Whether or not conscious programs can or cannot exist - we are trying to discover whether or not they do. It's been claimed as evidence for this that the simulations of a computer consist of actual worlds. To justify this claim, it's been said that if there was a conscious entity the world would be real for him. Even if the individual steps were accepted, this remains as you said, circular reasoning.

Even if a conscious mind running in a "real" simulation thought that gravity did not exist, that would not make it true. It would be a measure of his lack of knowledge of the world. Because a religious fundamentalist believes that he lives in a world that is only six thousand years old, he actually does not. A conscious entity living on a computer will live in the same world that we do. He will have imperfect access to the realities of the world, just as we do. He may, or may not be able to make a conceptual breakthrough to learn what he actually is, and how his world actually works, but his beliefs don't change reality.
 
Whether or not conscious programs can or cannot exist - we are trying to discover whether or not they do.

:confused:

It's been claimed as evidence for this that the simulations of a computer consist of actual worlds. To justify this claim, it's been said that if there was a conscious entity the world would be real for him.

Which is true by definition.

Even if a conscious mind running in a "real" simulation thought that gravity did not exist, that would not make it true.

1) Which is irrelevant.
2) Actually it is true for all that conscious mind knows.

It would be a measure of his lack of knowledge of the world.

The world outside the simulation, not inside it.
 
:confused:



Which is true by definition.



1) Which is irrelevant.
2) Actually it is true for all that conscious mind knows.



The world outside the simulation, not inside it.

There's a world that he's living in. Just one. The children brought up in an Austrian cellar didn't live in a different world to the rest of us - they just knew less about it. Reality is not subjective.
 
At this point I think you are deliberately missing the point.

No, I know what your point is. You are saying that a conscious entity on a computer could be living in a "world" with its own laws of nature. I understand it, I just think it's entirely wrong. A conscious entity on a computer would be living in this world, according to the same laws of nature that we live under. What he might be able to find out about it would be another matter.

Prior to Einstein, we didn't live in a world where Newtonian physics applied. Our ignorance doesn't define objective reality. If we could send a message into the "virtual world" then the conscious entity could potentially discover the world he really lived in.

Could it be that we don't fully understand the world we live in? It's almost certain that we don't fully understand it. We may have a totally false understanding of it. It might be as impossible for us to discover the truth about the universe as it would be for the supposed conscious program. Nonetheless, we live in just one reality - not an imagined made up world.
 
Aw, come on piggy. I can program a simulation with any rules I want. It can have no gravity, for instance, or it can have additional rules.

No no, the internal rules of the medium, which is what we were talking about.

If you conflate the medium (which is physically real) with the intended target of the representation (which is imaginary) then you're going to make the kind of errors that RocketDodger and PixyMisa make continually.
 
No, I know what your point is. You are saying that a conscious entity on a computer could be living in a "world" with its own laws of nature. I understand it, I just think it's entirely wrong. A conscious entity on a computer would be living in this world, according to the same laws of nature that we live under. What he might be able to find out about it would be another matter.

Of course it'd be living in this world, but that is IRRELEVANT, because it would probably never find out, and its entire existence would still be bound only to the laws in the simulation. For instance, if the simulation includes no gravity, the presence of real gravity outside the simulation doesn't matter to the entity in question.
 
No no, the internal rules of the medium, which is what we were talking about.

If you conflate the medium (which is physically real) with the intended target of the representation (which is imaginary) then you're going to make the kind of errors that RocketDodger and PixyMisa make continually.

Again, irrelevant. The simulated guy running from the simulated tornado in the simulated world isn't affected by real-world gravity.
 
Ya think?

I don't know why it has to be assumed that if I really, really understood what was being said I'd agree with it.

Imagine that we've created an entire society of conscious entities inside a "virtual world" - a computer game, say. (I use the quotation marks because I don't accept that it constitutes a separate world). One group of conscious beings works out the "rules" of the game, and considers that the world is self-consistent and needs no explanation. Another group considers, for whatever reason, that the world is a creation, and that the rules which seem quite solid are actually arbitrary, and capable of being altered at will by an all-powerful being who lives outside the world. That rather than worrying about the rules, the most sensible thing for each entity to do would be to seek to please the being that created the world, because he can cause them to cease to exist at a whim, or reward and punish in a way that the denizens of this world cannot even detect.

Consider also that if it is possible to create artificial worlds of this kind, won't far fewer resources be needed to maintain a conscious being in a computer simulation rather than in a world of matter and energy? Doesn't that imply that for any given conscious being, he is more likely to be living in such a "virtual world"?

Regardless of the amusing implications of pursuing the idea, I don't find the possibility by any means as being established.
 
Again, irrelevant. The simulated guy running from the simulated tornado in the simulated world isn't affected by real-world gravity.

Try dropping the computer out the window, and very soon he will be. He will cease to exist. He won't know why - but he is just as subject to the actual laws of nature as a person is.
 
Of course it'd be living in this world, but that is IRRELEVANT, because it would probably never find out, and its entire existence would still be bound only to the laws in the simulation. For instance, if the simulation includes no gravity, the presence of real gravity outside the simulation doesn't matter to the entity in question.

So what world you're living in depends on how ignorant you are? Really?
 
No, I know what your point is. You are saying that a conscious entity on a computer could be living in a "world" with its own laws of nature. I understand it, I just think it's entirely wrong. A conscious entity on a computer would be living in this world, according to the same laws of nature that we live under. What he might be able to find out about it would be another matter.

If you understand the point, then why do you categorically fail to realize that your argument depends on the arbitrary assumption that our perception of our world corresponds to the "base" or "real" world and not one of these "simulated worlds?"
 
I was being serious. Thanks for completely missing the point.

No, I got your point, because I was being serious, too.

The "man" who is "in the world of the simulation" can only be in my imagination because that's the only place such a world can be.

The state-changes in the computer are real... they are what they are... but they are only that... and you can look at the computer and what it's doing and see that there is no man.

That's because the existence of the simulation as a simulation -- which is to say, a specific correspondence between the behavior of the simulator and the behavior of one other specific system, real or imagined -- is etirely in my imagination, or the imagination of anyone else who "reads" it correctly, or who programs it.

In the real world, there's only a computer doing the kinds of things it does all the time, sitting there and changing voltage potentials and running a fan and making lights change on a screen, and making a speaker cone vibrate, spitting ink onto paper, and so forth.

And you can examine the behavior of the machine forever, and unless you know it's running a simulation, you will never guess from the state changes of the machine alone. (Outside knowledge, such as experience with simulators, would be required.)

The machine itself would have no way of knowing, were it conscious, that the changes in its body were supposed to represent anything.

If told, it would have no way of knowing which changes in its body were supposed to be involved in the simulation -- voltage changes, temperature changes, fan motion, lights going on and off, and which subsets of these? -- and even if it were told that, it would have no way of knowing what logical (symbolic) value to give to any particular physical computation (change of physical state).

Even if you told the simulator that it was simulating the motion of a creature through a landscape, and even if you told it which group of values were the group that determined the spatial and temporal dimensions, it's a coin flip to the machine which of those values would get assigned to which dimension.

Perfectly simulating the target system won't help, either, because the simulator has no way of knowing that it's dealing with a complete simulation of your target system, or an incomplete simulation of a literally infinite number of larger systems.

And it gets worse... if the simulating machine actually did generate a "world of the simulation" which was real rather than imaginary, and it happened to be simulating a real thing, like a lake, then don't forget that the two systems are mapped to each other. It makes just as much sense to say the lake is a simulation of the computer, so the lake must also create a "world of the simulation" in which the simulator machine really exists somehow.

And inside that simulator inside the "world of the simulator" inside the lake, would be a "world of the simulator" with a lake in it, and in that lake would be a "world of the simulation" with a simulation machine inside it, forever and anon like a mirror box.

In short, if all physical computations in our universe generated a "world of the simulation" corresponding to all possible worlds which could be represented by assigning symbolic values and logic to them, then pretty much any and every thing you care to imagine would be real.

(If you restrict this phenomenon only to physical computations inside things we call simulators, you have to explain how the rest of the universe knows to comply.)

OK, so the "world of the simulation" -- the one that looks like the target world -- isn't real to the simulator, or in the simulator, or anything like that.

So why do simulations work?

They work because people have decided to associate the computer's physical computations (state changes) with symbolic ones, and manipulate the computer's state so that subsequent cascades of state changes (physical computations) mimic the state changes (or the ones we expect) in some other real or imagined system.

This decision by the humans (programmers) has no effect on the nature of the computer's physical computations. In other words, if a change in the computer is supposed to mean "a calf was born" or "it got a little hotter" or "dad got home", or "a photon is in a particular location", this is in no way evident from observing the activity of the machine.

In other words, the symbolic computations (which is what makes the machine's activity a simulation or "information processing" in the first place) are imaginary.

This strikes a lot of people as odd, especially people who spend a lot of time around computers or who are into information theory.

Folks think, no, it's not imaginary, I asked my computer to add these numbers and it did it, that really happened, of course information processing is real, not imaginary!

But wait... that's not really what happened.

What happened is that a programmer, who knew how the whole "adding numbers" thing worked, set up a physical object -- one that can change states real fast with high predictability -- to change those states in ways that match some logic in his head.

He also set up a means for a person to set off a cascade of state changes which would make the computer light up some lights in a pattern that corresponds to a symbol that will correspond to the solution to the addition problem.

What happened in the meantime is simply that the computer changed in ways analogous to how a system would change if groups of those sizes actually merged.

All of that was physical computation. There wasn't any "logic" to it, unless you count the laws of physics as logic, because the laws of physics were the only laws affecting how that computer behaved.

The programmer and the user, however, can use the machine as an information processor, but the symbolic/logical processes (as opposed to the physical ones) are purely imaginary, because only human beings are aware or can be aware of what the computer is supposed to have done informationally.

The physical system is designed to have physical outputs (such as lights) that bounce off our bodies. Our bodies have brains which respond to the patterns of those outputs (like the shape 4,567,892.143) by changing state.

That change of state in the brain of the observer is the "world of the simulation".

If there is a "man" who is "in the simulation" who is "running" from a "tornado", that can only be happening in your (or my or someone's) imagination.

There's no other place for it to happen.

Nor is there any need for any other place for it to happen, since we can explain the entire system of the simulation only with reference to the machine and the programmer/observer.
 
Well, this thread certainly took a turn for the verbosely obtuse.

I'm curious, piggy. Suppose we take this simulation of a conscious mind (which of course only exists in our imaginations, being symbolic representations of things), and attach a camera and an arm to it. The simulation, unbidden, uses the two to write "I am conscious. This is not your imagination. Piss off" on a piece of paper. Is it still just so many electrons whizzing about a computer?
 
Piggy, its almost as if you took the most boring aspects of materialism, the stubborn refusal to admit logic of dualism, and the woo of idealism and mixed them all into one depressing worldview that is far worse than any of those three by themselves.

At this point I don't know how you can even consider other humans to be conscious like you are. Given the logic you use that seems to be the natural conclusion -- that our consciousness is only real when you are observing it. Otherwise we are just a bunch of particles that can be interpreted as anything at all.
 
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