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Merged Electric Sun Theory (Split from: CME's, active regions and high energy flares)

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Wow, so we are still talking about the "definition" of a "discharge"?
Well it keeps MM off of doing some real electrical sun work, like actually present a circuit reconnection model, or trying to understand why a good conducting plasma is different from a good conducting copper tube, and why circuit theory is an approximation of plasma physics, or actually find real quotes in the work of Birkeland, or ... or ... or ... Well it is easier to yellow just a wee part of the book of Peratt and then claim, see I am right, and just forget about the rest of the paragraph. Soooooooooo tedious.
 
Wow, so we are still talking about the "definition" of a "discharge"?

That is only because you refuse to accept the definition of an electrical discharge in a plasma that Peratt provided. How is that my fault?

Well it keeps MM off of doing some real electrical sun work, like actually present a circuit reconnection model,

Alfven ALREADY provided a solution to the energy release of flares that doesn't require any "reconnection" other than "currents". So did Mann and Onel. You ignored their maths entirely! Who cares what I present to you? You'll ignore that too.

or trying to understand why a good conducting plasma is different from a good conducting copper tube,

I just explained to sol how a plasma is different, how it creates current carrying threads, and how it insulates them as well. You folks seem to be the ones that need to be brought up to speed.

and why circuit theory is an approximation of plasma physics,

Ya, and it works really great to approximate the energy release of flares as Mann and Onel demonstrated. ;)

or actually find real quotes in the work of Birkeland, or ... or ... or ... Well it is easier to yellow just a wee part of the book of Peratt and then claim, see I am right, and just forget about the rest of the paragraph. Soooooooooo tedious.

Oh for crying out loud! You folks should have read this stuff on your own without my prompting in the first place. All most of you have ever done is handwave a little at it and ignore the fact that I already have supported my views with published papers, complete with maths! Round and round we go......
 
Can you quote Birkeland saying that he thought solar flares had anything to do with electrical discharges?

Yep:

Page 665

These vortices round the spots on the magnetic globe, I have not succeeded in photographing with the present arrangements. On account of the importance of all these phenomena, however, I have constructed a vacuum-vessel of 320 litres' capacity, and can employ a magnetic globe with a diameter of 24 centimetres. With this new apparatus, I have succeeded in obtaining good photographs, which will be mentioned below. The discharges of the cathode-globe are partly continual discharges all over the surface, and partly disruptive at intervals; in the latter case they issue from the eruptive spots.

Fig. 253 shows how a branch of discharge issuing from the spots sometimes follows the magnetic lines of force in the neighbourhood of the equator, giving rise to a phenomenon which greatly resembles the black filaments on the sun, studied by HALE, ELLERMAN, Fox, EVERSHED, DESLANDRES and D'AZAMBUJA.

FYI, the image that he mentions (figure 253) is the black and white image on the first page of my website.

birkelandyohkohmini.jpg
 
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Just out of morbid curiosity, I don't suppose any of you would like to take a shot at explaining what deflected that shockwave in today's flare? A solid surface feature would certainly have that that effect, but I'll be darned how anyone might explain that deflection of the shock wave with nothing but a bunch of wispy light plasma.
 
FYI sol, on the the following page from the quote I listed, Birkeland directly discusses how sunspots are related to those discharge processes. It's a lengthy set of text, but you can read it for yourself.
 
In order to be able to some extent to form an estimate of the manner in which the a electric arcs in the sun would move, we ought to know how the sun's magnetism is distributed, or rather its cause. In my opinion it is the pencils of cathode rays appearing at indefinite intervals at the outbreak and in the development of the sun-spots, that give rise to solar magnetism by creating almost constant currents by induction in the conductive interior of the sun.

In other words, Birkeland believed as Alfven believed that the electrical circuit was completed under the photosphere.
 
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FYI, for anyone interested, with bandwidth to burn (30Megs), here's what that flare on the 24th looked like in 1600A. Helioviewer is overloaded today so I won't have all the images for awhile, but this one is great. The effects of the coronal loops coming up through the photosphere can be readily observed along the sides of the umbra and through the penumbral filaments. As "predicted", the materials blow out and away, meaning the loops begin *UNDER* the photosphere and they are the heat source of the corona. They blow materials from surface, particularly during the flare.

http://www.thesurfaceofthesun.com/images/sdo/shocking.mp4
 
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Just out of morbid curiosity, I don't suppose any of you would like to take a shot at explaining what deflected that shockwave in today's flare? A solid surface feature would certainly have that that effect, but I'll be darned how anyone might explain that deflection of the shock wave with nothing but a bunch of wispy light plasma.


Although the video clip lacks any relevant quantitative description, it appears to be a somewhat standard composite of graphics obtained with the 171, 193, and 211 angstrom filters. These wavelengths are selected for the purpose of visualizing thermal activity in the range of approximately 1 to 2 million Kelvin. Technically the video is a simple series of graphical representations of thermal activity occurring in the Sun's corona where these temperature ranges are found.

There are 66 frames, one is a duplicate so it's 65 graphs. In sequence they show changes in a few select ranges of thermal activity over about 38 minutes of time in a region of the corona. And that's really about the extent of it. Given the origin of the video, the nature of the graphics, and the purpose and method of their acquisition, nothing can be inferred about any alleged electrical cause, effect, or activity by looking at them. Not individually and not as a series.

Also consider all this thermal activity is occurring in the corona, thousands of kilometers above the photosphere. Leaving aside the physical impossibility of solid surface features as discussed at length in other threads, the assertion that some alleged surface features would have any effect on thermal activity several thousand kilometers above is unsupported quantitatively or objectively.

Further, an argument suggesting that some particular conclusion is supported because the physics that might otherwise explain it are not understood is definitively an argument from ignorance. Nothing about this video clip can be considered objective or quantitative support for any sort of electric Sun conjecture.
 
24 Sep 2011 X2 flare

http://spaceweather.com/images2011/24sep11/x2.mov

That last x-class flare was pretty interesting for a couple of reasons. Not only does it clearly show the electrical discharge event, the shock wave that ensues follows a path that makes prefect sense in a Birkeland solar model, but looks to defy the laws of physics in the standard model. :) That was really cool!

What specifically is a "Birkeland solar model"?
What is it that shows the shock wave follow a path that makes sense in the Birkeland solar model?
What is it that shows the shock wave defies the laws of physics in the standard model?

Just out of morbid curiosity, I don't suppose any of you would like to take a shot at explaining what deflected that shockwave in today's flare? A solid surface feature would certainly have that that effect, but I'll be darned how anyone might explain that deflection of the shock wave with nothing but a bunch of wispy light plasma.

Assuming you mean the same flare, what deflection are you talking about? I see no deflection.
 
Real Science & Pseudo Science II

Tim, IMO you DESPERATELY need to 'get over' the idea of arguing against the individual and stick to arguing the topic itself. You're welcome to your opinions about any and all electric sun concepts, but I'm not the topic of this thread!

Well, actually, yes you are one of the topics of this thread, and by your own choice. Consider this ...

All of Mozina's arguments that magnetic reconnection are "pseudoscience" are themselves exactly that: pure & unadulterated pseudoscience. All he can ever say is "Afven said so", a religious acolyte parroting the ancient script of the demi-god. But you can rest assured that at no time will Mozina ever refer to physics, never demonstrate any physical reason for rejecting magnetic reconnection. He has religion and only religion to fall back on. That and pseudosciece, but never science.

Can you argue the physics of magnetic reconnection? I have never seen you even attempt to do that. All I have ever seen is appeal to the authority of Alfven. Even when presented with incontrovertible evidence of magnetic reconnection in numerous controlled laboratory experiment, you simply declared the things that actually happened in real plasmas to be impossible. Did you do this after examining the data? No, you did not. Did you do this after revealing flaws in the technology or experimental technique? No, you did not. Did you do this after reading the papers and demonstrating flaws in the published science? No, you did not. What you did do was to instantly reject anything that conflicts with your personal bias, without ever considering any element of physics at all, and without ever reading beyond the abstract of any published paper, if you even read that much.

When you make the conscious choice to replace objective science with your own subjective bias, as you very commonly do in all of your threads, you make your bias, and therefore yourself, a legitimate topic of the thread.

When people make a scientific argument, they present facts & reasonable interpretations thereof. Mozina does neither of these, but instead appeals to authority ("All he can ever say is "Afven said so", a religious acolyte parroting the ancient script of the demi-god."). Demi-god is Mozina's attitude towards Alfven (and Birkeland as well). He treats the writings of both in exactly the same way that literalists interpret holy scripture: Divine truth that cannot ever be challenged in any way. That is definitely a religious attitude. But in true science we all understand that even the most brilliant people can be wrong, and often are. Witness Einstein's rejection of quantum mechanics. Certainly Einstein was brilliant and certainly he did not engage in pseudoscience. But he certainly was wrong.

Mozina has never once, in all these years, even tried to present anything one might call a "scientific" argument.
I'm just going to stop your tirade right here, right now. Here's a "short list" of just SOME of the links, papers, and materials I have presented in THIS THREAD alone Tim:
I said "argument". The papers & materials linked do not constitute "arguments". The interpretation of the material presented is the basis of "argument", and your arguments are routinely so tortured that they hardly count as "science", being more legitimately considered "pseudoscience", or in other words, "that which copies the form, but not the substance, of science".

You seriously argue that the sun can have a "solid" surface, despite observed temperatures that would vaporize nearly every known substance. That's pseudoscience, not science.

You seriously argue that magnetic reconnection does not, and indeed can not happen, even when it has already been observed in real laboratory plasmas. That's pseudoscience, not science.

You seriously argue that you can look at a PR image or movie and determine in exquisite physical detail how things "come up through the photosphere", even when the photosphere is not in the image at all. That's pseudoscience, not science. You even thought that an artifact in an image was a real physical layer of the sun.

You seriously argue that the transition region of the sun lies below the photosphere, even though it has been demonstrated that we can actually look at the sun and see directly that the transition region lies above the photosphere. That's pseudoscience, not science.

When presented with real evidence contrary to your claim, you commonly dismiss the real objective evidence without reason, in favor of whatever preconception you have developed. That is definitely pseudoscience, not science.

I do not believe for a moment that you are capable of any real, scientific argument. But feel free to prove me wrong.

If you think my posts are unfair personal attacks in violation of the rules established for the board, feel free to report me to the moderators for their review & response.
 
Although the video clip lacks any relevant quantitative description, it appears to be a somewhat standard composite of graphics obtained with the 171, 193, and 211 angstrom filters. These wavelengths are selected for the purpose of visualizing thermal activity in the range of approximately 1 to 2 million Kelvin. Technically the video is a simple series of graphical representations of thermal activity occurring in the Sun's corona where these temperature ranges are found.

There are 66 frames, one is a duplicate so it's 65 graphs. In sequence they show changes in a few select ranges of thermal activity over about 38 minutes of time in a region of the corona. And that's really about the extent of it. Given the origin of the video, the nature of the graphics, and the purpose and method of their acquisition, nothing can be inferred about any alleged electrical cause, effect, or activity by looking at them. Not individually and not as a series.

Also consider all this thermal activity is occurring in the corona, thousands of kilometers above the photosphere. Leaving aside the physical impossibility of solid surface features as discussed at length in other threads, the assertion that some alleged surface features would have any effect on thermal activity several thousand kilometers above is unsupported quantitatively or objectively.

Further, an argument suggesting that some particular conclusion is supported because the physics that might otherwise explain it are not understood is definitively an argument from ignorance. Nothing about this video clip can be considered objective or quantitative support for any sort of electric Sun conjecture.

And just like I figured: "Shock wave? What shock wave?"
 
That is only because you refuse to accept the definition of an electrical discharge in a plasma that Peratt provided. How is that my fault?

Oh your such a ly...
I have told you loooooooooooong time ago, that I don't care about the definition of "discharge" because it is a word, and I showed how many different authors have different definitions of this word and thus decided that this discussion was pointless and it would be better to actually talk about the processes that take place in the medium. E.g. break down of the insulator throught excess of the break-down electric field, or a sudden increase in a plasma through an increased EMF or ... or ... or ...

The fact that you want to maintain this discussion on "what the definition of a discharge is" is because when you quit this discussion, you will have to do actual work, actual calculations, modeling, which you have often enough showed that you cannnot. See e.g. your escapism at actually trying to set up a "circuit reconnection model."

Alfven ALREADY provided a solution to the energy release of flares that doesn't require any "reconnection" other than "currents". So did Mann and Onel. You ignored their maths entirely! Who cares what I present to you? You'll ignore that too.

Again WRONG, I have discussed Alfvén's double layer interruption flare model and I have then also given a paper that shows that the large double layers that Alfvén needs for this to take place in a solar flare will probably not exist. it is somewhere in this thread, so look it up and read it again.

YOU are the one that ignores anything that is not in your pre-fixed state of mind, as Tim Thompson has already shown two pages back I think, with a whole list of claims that you made two years ago, which were addressed, then you made them again one year ago and were explained again and then lately you brought them up again, and then TT showed you your repetitious monotony.

I just explained to sol how a plasma is different, how it creates current carrying threads, and how it insulates them as well. You folks seem to be the ones that need to be brought up to speed.

MMM let me see, MM published plasmaphysics paper 4, Tusenfem published plasmaphysics papers > 100, yeah I really must get up to speed here.

Ya, and it works really great to approximate the energy release of flares as Mann and Onel demonstrated.

I have explained this paper to you a looooong time ago, and guess what, you never ever actually joined this discussion, as any detailed discussion is over your head.

It has been said numerous times (e.g. by me) that circuit theory can easily calculate the energy in a solar coronal loop, however it cannot describe the physics that it taking place as everything in circuit theory is integrated into global quantities and thus it cannot describe the microphysics. Just knowing the total energy does not say a frakking thing about what processes are taking place. For all I care there could be green magnetic field eating mini aliens that fart energy, but that will not show up in circuit theory.

Oh for crying out loud! You folks should have read this stuff on your own without my prompting in the first place. All most of you have ever done is handwave a little at it and ignore the fact that I already have supported my views with published papers, complete with maths! Round and round we go......

HAHAHAHAHA, the only one who is handwaving is you MM. One very very very showing behaviour is that you deemed it apparently above your dignity to actually join in the thread about Birkeland's work that I started. Where I actually discussed paragraph by paragraph a lot of Birkeland's work. But hey, I could not care less, but don't complain. Fact is, that when someone asks you where Birkeland makes some claim, your only answer is "read his book", which is very very useful.

Round and round you go MM, I am sure in one year you will still be going on about "the definition of a discharge".
 
No, I said you folks IGNORE them and the implications of the material in them.

To quote Tim's claim:
Mozina has never once, in all these years, even tried to present anything one might call a "scientific" argument.

When I hear statements like that, it's hard to believe that he actually heard, listened to, or seriously considered anything I've presented.

I have to concur with Tim. I've seen you put forward scattered bits of data, but nothing like a coherent theory. Peratt et al may have a coherent story, but you haven't been willing to dive into the details, partly because we keep getting sidetracked on much simpler concepts like optical depth.

"Addressed" how exactly? Yes, you folks made a few comments about them, but then you go right back to ignoring the implications in the papers none the less. You folks squeal like a stuck pig for maths, and then you promptly ignore them.

That's not my take at all. When we've shown you math, you've typically fallen back on the "I know what I see" argument.

I show you mathematical explanations of how plasma pinches produce gamma rays like we observe in flare events, and somehow I've still presented "no scientific argument" anyway. What a load of BS!

Discussed later in this post.

I don't and I don't. He did however address each issue he presented quite methodically and he explained where Cowlings made his error.
He paraphrased 2 of Cowlings' concerns. We have not actually seen Cowling's concerns. And, in any event, I consider this paper to be yet another red herring.
Did you find some specific fault with his rebuttal that you'd like to comment on?
Yes and no. The paper addressed 2 concerns: Cowlings' use of Lenz's law and the required thinness of the accelerating layer.
I don't grok Lenz's law well enough to follow either the argument or the rebuttal, and I doubt that you followed it, either. In any event, whether or not Dungey properly used Lenz's law does not have much bearing ES's accuracy.
For the thinness of the accelerating layer, Dungey's argument boiled down to the lack of observational data to confirm or deny his prediction.
So I don't see anything in the paper that provides significant support or refutation of ES.
If you think that the paper provides substantial support for ES, then tell us how rather than simply posting a link to it and then complaining that we're handwaving.

Meanwhile, are you going to address the conclusion from another of your cites? http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007ApJ...670..841S:
We explored the implications of the measured currents for Joule heating of the corona . . . Use of the Spitzer resistivity leads to a value for the volumetric heating rate approximately 6 orders of magnitude less than the value indicated by observations.

Anyway,

Yes. That's why I provided papers that demonstrate all the things that electrical discharges can do, and how they apply to solar flares. Discharges are capable of ionizing iron to very high energy states, and do so in the lab. Yep, we see that happen in solar flare events. Discharges produce radio waves. Yep, we see that too. Discharges produce neutron capture signatures. We see that too. Discharges can heat plasmas to millions of degrees and sustain them at those temperatures virtually indefinitely. Discharges produce x-rays. Guess what flares do? Discharges produce radio waves in the lab, and guess what flares do? Discharges produce gamma rays here on Earth, and I've provided you with the maths to explain how pinches create such photons.

See, this is why we get frustrated, because we've been over this several times. All of those things are results of very hot plasma. Electrical discharges are one way of making things very hot (and often the most convenient way to do it in a lab), but there are many ways of making very hot plasma, so nothing on that list favors discharge over, say, magnetic reconnection, fusion, matter-antimatter reactions, or gravitational collapse.

For that matter, nobody is denying that there are some substantial currents flowing around the sun. We just don't give them the primacy that you do.

Discharges in fact occur naturally around EVERY body in the solar system with an atmosphere and a magnetic field and the sun has the biggest atmosphere and magnetic field in the system.

They're observed only in non-conductive atmosphere. We don't observe them in, say, Earth's oceans. If you're going to seriously argue that the conductivity of an atmosphere isn't relevant to lightning, then .. . that would be bizarre. And if you agree that the conductivity is relevant, then the fact that we observe lighting in non-conductive atmospheres simply isn't relevant.

Compare and contrast that with your pathetic little weakling of a theory called "magnetic reconnection".

I'll leave that to the others because I lack the math & physics background. However, but I have to agree with Tim & tus that you also seem to lack math & physics background to actually discuss magnetic reconnection.

I think the problem here is that you folks feel that if you handwave a little bit at every paper I have presented, you can then somehow completely discard and ignore it too.

First, some of the others really have tried to engage you in discussions of the technical aspects of Alfven, Peratt, and Carlqvist, but you typically accuse them of denial, repeat already-debunked claims, and post pictures that, frankly, we don't consider relevant.

Second, let's take a particular little bit of one of your papers. In this case, it's a bit of the summary of http://esoads.eso.org/abs/1991SoPh..132..307F
"... both quasi-static and wave-related macroscopic electric fields might be expected in the solar atmosphere at intensity levels comparable to or well above the senstitivity limits presently achieved. ... Nevertheless, a firm detection of solar macroscopic electric fields has yet to be achieved."

Do you feel that you've addressed that issue with anything better than handwaving and denial?

If not, isn't it a bit disingenous to then claim that the rest of us have provided nothing but handwaving and denial?
 
You still don't seem to get it, so I'll try to explain it SLOWLY for you and METHODICALLY for you.
You still don't seem to get it, so I'll try to explain it SLOWLY for you and METHODICALLY for you.
  1. There was a buildup of charges separated by a dielectric medium (air).
  2. The charge got so large that the dielectric medium ionized. We call this a dielectric breakdown.
  3. A large current then flowed.
  4. This is the electrical discharge known as lightning.
  5. This electric current flowed through the rod.
  6. The electric current through the rod caused a large magnetic field.
  7. The large magnetic field crushed the rod.
The electrical discharge only involved the air part of the process. Usually the current would have grounded in the ground! In this case it grounded through a copper rod.

Since you have posted a picture of arc welding think about that case too: The discharge happens through the dielectric medium. It starts and ends at the conductive medium (the material being welded and the welding electrode).
 
What specifically is a "Birkeland solar model"?

http://www.thesurfaceofthesun.com

What is it that shows the shock wave follow a path that makes sense in the Birkeland solar model?

The movement of the bow shock from the shock wave from the flare isn't straight and linear. The bow of the shock wave travels only a relatively short distant from the flare point. It then deflects off of something "rigid", and gets split into two very specific directions. The bow shock doesn't travel in a straight path as it would it it were simply moving through a wispy light plasma.

What is it that shows the shock wave defies the laws of physics in the standard model?

In the standard model, the path of the shock wave should have traveled roughly outward in a relatively linear fashion as we might see the bow shock of a CME in LASCO C-2 and C-3 images. The path of the bow shock should pretty much be dictated by physics. The path of the bow shock should be at least "roughly" outward and not particularly "angular' in it's movement.

That's not what happens. The bulk of the bow shock is deflected over 70 degrees once it hits the ridge, and part of it splits from the rest.

Assuming you mean the same flare, what deflection are you talking about? I see no deflection.

Hmm. It probably would be better to wait until I have some time to mark up a few specific frames so you clearly understand the terms that I'm using and the locations of specific locations in the image that I want point out, but I'll try to just do it verbally for you at the moment.

Let me have you stop that video at the 09:40:19.840 frame and take a close look at it. Use the over saturated green lines to orient yourself as the 9:00 and 3:00 position on a clock from the point of the flare. The bulk of the mass flow from the remaining part of the flare looks a bit like a wispy hour hand that points at approximately the 10:00 position from the point of the flare. Pay attention to what happens to that mass flow in the following sequences. It doesn't travel in a straight line, nor did the preceding shock wave. In fact if you look closely at that very same image, the primary part of the bow shock is just down and the the left of the tip of the over saturated green line in the image. If you look closely you'll also notice it's not oriented as though it followed a straight path from the point of the flare, in fact it's already deflected off "the ridge".

Let's see if I can explain how to find "the ridge". What I'm calling "the ridge" in that same image is the area about twice the distance as the hour hand is long in that image. It's an areas that is very dark (nearly black) then turns into blue color, and then becomes green near the top where the coronal loops are clearly visible.

If you play the image through again, watch what happens as the shock wave moves through the atmosphere. It blows around the coronal loops light they are wispy little blades of grass. Something however not only splits the bow shock in two, it defects it downward at the location of the ridge.

I can see from just trying to describe locations I need to mark up some specific frames to clearly explain what I mean. I'll try to do that as I get time this week, but it won't likely be today. Be patient. I'll use some specific images from the movie to identify the ridge and the mass flow movements I'm trying to describe.
 
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Ya, and I thought a 10 year old could understand Peratt's definition of an electrical discharge in a plasma too. Go figure.
So did we because he is quite clear:
1 .5 Electrίcal Discharges in Cosmic Plasma
An electrical discharge is a sudden release of electric or magnetic stored energy. This generally occurs when the electromagnetic stress exceeds some threshold for breakdown that is usually determined by small scale properties of the energy transmission medium. As such, discharges are local phenomena and are usually accompanied by violent processes such as rapid heating, ionization, the creation of pinched and filamentary conduction channels, particle acceleration, and the generation of prodigious amounts of electromagnetic radiation. As an example, multi-terawatt pulsed-power generators on earth rely on strong electrical discharges to produce intense particle beams, Χrays, and microwανes . Megajoules of energy are electrically stored in capacitor banks, whose volume may encompass 250 m^3 . This energy is then transferred to a discharge regίοn, located many meters from the source, viα a transmission line.

A 10 year old could be ignorant enough to just be able to understand the first sentence. But they would still realize that the definition is not just that one sentence. An adult would then point out that the example is not an electrical discharge in plasma. An adult who actually read and understood Peratt's book would then point out a few other things, especially that Peratt's book does not contain any example of an electrical discharge in plasma.
 
Can you argue the physics of magnetic reconnection?

YES! In fact I showed you that at the level of actual "physics", your experiments actually reconnect two 'currents', not a couple of sterile magnetic lines.

I have never seen you even attempt to do that.

I've never seen you provide me with an "experiment" on "magnetic reconnection' that didn't actually reconnect "currents" that were already flowing in the plasma and already a part of what you are calling a "magnetic line". In fact, every single experiment that you have presented REQUIRES preexisting current channels and/or charge separation to make it work!

All I have ever seen is appeal to the authority of Alfven.

Then you simply haven't been listening Tim.

Even when presented with incontrovertible evidence of magnetic reconnection in numerous controlled laboratory experiment, you simply declared the things that actually happened in real plasmas to be impossible.

What happened in the "real" plasma that you cited Tim was that two CURRENTS came together and "reconnected". So what? Like I've said, I'm fine with the term "circuit reconnection" or "current reconnection".

Did you do this after examining the data? No, you did not. Did you do this after revealing flaws in the technology or experimental technique? No, you did not. Did you do this after reading the papers and demonstrating flaws in the published science? No, you did not.

What baloney! I did so. I showed you the flaw Tim. I showed you that your so called "magnetic line" is nothing more than a "current" and the reconnection was between two "currents", not just two "magnetic lines". Your math is fine. Your physics is FUBAR.

I'm going to stop here since it such an EXCELLENT example of why we don't see eye to eye. Even when I point out your "flaws", you ignore them anyway!
 
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The very fact that not a single one of your so called "experiments" on "reconnection" makes ANY attempt to isolate ordinary induction and particle collisions as being responsible for the acceleration effect speaks volumes. In fact to get their experiments to work, they typically BEGIN WITH CHARGE SEPARATION AND CURRENT!
 
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